The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India Volume I Part 77

[357] _Great Religions of India_.

[358] _Orpheus_, p. 96.

[359] _Ibidem_, p. 98.

[360] Haug, p. 199.

[361] Sykes' _Persia and its People_, p. 180; _Great Religions of India_, p. 173.

[362] _Bombay Gazetteer_, vol. ix. part ii., _Parsis of Gujarat_ p. 190.

[363] _Bombay Gazetteer, ibidem._

[364] _Bombay Gazetteer_, vol. ix. part ii., _Parsis of Gujarat_, pp. 233, 237.

[365] P. 133.

[366] _Bombay Gazetteer_, vol. ix. part ii., _Parsis of Gujarat_, pp. 221-226.

[367] _Bombay Gazetteer_, vol. ix. part ii., _Parsis of Gujarat_, p. 231.

[368] _Ibidem_, pp. 239-242.

[369] _Bombay Gazetteer_, vol. ix. part ii., _Parsis of Gujarat_, pp. 241, 243.

[370] _Bombay Gazetteer, Parsis of Gujarat_, pp. 205, 207, 219, 220.

[371] See also article on Kalar.

[372] _Aegle marmelos_.

[373] Dr. Bhattacharya's _Hindu Castes and Sects_, p. 371.

[374] See articles k.u.mhar, Thug and Sakta sect.

[375] See art. Sakta Sect.

[376] Mr. Marten's _C. P. Census Report_, 1911.

[377] _India Census Report_ (1901), p. 360.

[378] _Hindu Castes and Sects_ (Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta), pp. 407-413.

[379] Sir E. Gait's note, _India Census Report_.

[380] _Hindu Castes and Sects_.

[381] This article is based princ.i.p.ally on a paper by Mr. Durga Prasad Pande, Tahsildar, Raipur.

[382] _Bilaspur Settlement Report_ (1888), p. 45.

[383] Some of Mr. Chisholm's statements are undoubtedly inaccurate. For instance, he says that Ghasi Das decided on a temporary withdrawal into the wilderness, and proceeded for this purpose to a small village called Girod near the junction of the Jonk and Mahanadi rivers. But it is an undoubted fact, as shown by Mr. Hira Lal and others, that Ghasi Das was born in Girod and had lived there all his life up to the time of his proclamation of his gospel.

[384] _Ibidem_.

[385] _Luffa acutangula_.

[386] _Solanum melangenum_.

[387] Some of the Bundela raids in the north of the Province were made on the pretext of being crusades for the protection of the sacred animal.

[388] From Mr. Durga Prasad Pande's paper.

[389] This text is recorded by Mr. Durga Prasad Pande as follows:

"Bhaji chhurai bhanta chhurdi Gondli karat chhonka Lai bhaji ke chhurawate Gaon la marai chauka.

Sahib ke Satnamia; 'Thonka.'"

Or

"We have given up eating vegetables, we eat no brinjals: we eat onions with more relish; we eat no more red vegetables. The _chauka_ has been placed in the village. The true name is of G.o.d; (to which the pair replied) 'Amen.'"

[390] See article Nanakpanthi for an account of Nanak's creed.

[391] Here again, Sir D. Ibbetson notes, it is often the women who are the original offenders: "I have often asked Sikhs how it is that, believing as they do in only one G.o.d, they can put any faith in and render any obedience to Brahmans who acknowledge a large number of deities, and their answer in every case has been that they do not themselves believe in them; but their women do, and to please them they are obliged to pay attention to what the Brahmans say."

[392] _Punjab Census Report_ (1891), para. 107.

[393] Account of the Sikhs, _Asiatic Researches_.

[394] Apparently the Scripture of Govind, the tenth _guru_.

[395] 'Hurrah for the Guru's Khalsa, Victory to the Guru.'

[396] Sir Lepel Griffin's _Life of Ranjit Singh_.

[397] Based on the account of the sect in the volume, _Hindus of Gujarat,_ of the _Bombay Gazetteer_, and _The Swami-Narayan Sect_ pamphlet, printed at the Education Society's Press, Bombay, 1887.

[398] Bishop Heber's _Narrative of a Journey through the Upper Provinces,_ pp. 143, 153.

[399] _The Swami-Narayan Sect_, pp. 4, 22. The above details are given, because in the _Bombay Gazetteer_ the Swami is said to have prohibited the taking of food with low-caste people, and caste pollution; and this appears incorrect.

[400] _The Swami-Narayan Sect_, p. 25.

[401] _Bombay Ducks_, p. 194.

[402] For a suggested explanation of the myth of Parasurama see article Panwar Rajput.