The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Part 51

9. D. Illinoense, Gray. Erect (3--5 high); stem and leaves with short rough p.u.b.escence; leaflets ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate (2--4'

long), obtuse, subcoriaceous, cinereous beneath, veins and veinlets prominent, strongly reticulated, the lower leaflets nearly equalling the petiole; pods scarcely over 1' long, sinuate on both margins (deeper below).--Dry ground, Ill. to Iowa and Kan.

[*][*] _Stems (2--5 high) erect; stipules and bracts mostly deciduous, small and inconspicuous; joints of the pod 3--5, triangular or half-rhombic or very unequal-sided rhomboidal, longer than broad, 3" or less in length; flowers middle-sized._

10. D. laevigatum, DC. _Smooth_ or nearly so throughout; stem straight; _leaflets ovate_, bluntish, pale beneath (2--3' long); panicles minutely rough-p.u.b.escent.--Pine woods, N. J. to Fla., west to Mo. and Tex.

11. D. viridiflrum, Beck. Stem _very downy_, rough at the summit; _leaflets broadly ovate_, very obtuse, rough above, _whitened with a soft velvety down underneath_ (2--3' long).--Southern N. Y. to N. J. and Fla., west to Mich., Mo., and Tex.

12. D. Dillenii, Darlingt. Stem p.u.b.escent; _leaflets oblong or oblong-ovate_, commonly bluntish, pale beneath, _softly and finely p.u.b.escent_, mostly thin (2--3' long).--Open woodlands, common.

13. D. paniculatum, DC. _Nearly smooth_ throughout; stem slender, tall; _leaflets oblong-lanceolate, or narrowly lanceolate, tapering to a blunt point, thin_ (3--5' long); racemes much panicled.--Copses, common.

14. D. strictum, DC. Stem very straight and slender, simple (2--3 high), the upper part and narrow panicle rough-glandular; _leaflets linear, blunt, strongly reticulated, thickish, very smooth_ (1--2' long, ' wide); joints of the pod 1--3, semi-obovate or very gibbous (only 2"

long).--Pine woods, N. J. to Fla. and La.

[*][*][*] _Stipules small and inconspicuous, mostly deciduous; pods of few roundish or obliquely oval or sometimes roundish-rhomboidal joints, 1--2" long._

[+] _Stems erect; bracts before flowering conspicuous; racemes densely flowered._

15. D. Canadense, DC. Stem hairy (3--6 high); _leaflets oblong-lanceolate_ or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, with numerous straightish veins, _much longer than the petiole_ (1--3' long); _flowers showy_, larger than in any other species (--{1/3}' long).--Dry rich woods, N. Brunswick to N. C., Minn., and Kan.

16. D. sessiliflium, Torr. & Gray. Stem p.u.b.escent (2--4 high); _leaves nearly sessile; leaflets linear_ or linear-oblong, blunt, thickish, reticulated, rough above, downy beneath; branches of the panicle long; _flowers small_.--Copses, Penn. and Ky., west to Mich., Iowa, Mo., and Tex.

[+][+] _Stems ascending (1--3 high); bracts small; racemes or panicles elongated and loosely flowered; flowers small._

17. D. rigidum, DC. Stem branching, _somewhat h.o.a.ry_, like the lower surface of the leaves, with a close roughish p.u.b.escence; _leaflets ovate-oblong_, blunt, thickish, reticulated-veiny, rather rough above, _the lateral ones longer than the petiole_.--Dry hillsides, Ma.s.s. to Fla., west to Mich., Mo., and La.

18. D. ciliare, DC. Stem slender, _hairy or rough-p.u.b.escent; leaves crowded, on very short hairy petioles; leaflets round-ovate or oval_, thickish, more or less hairy on the margins and underneath (--1'

long).--Dry hills and sandy fields, N. Eng. to Fla., west to Mich., Mo., and Tex.

19. D. Marilandic.u.m, F. Boott. _Nearly smooth_ throughout, slender; _leaflets ovate or roundish_, very obtuse, thin, _the lateral ones about the length of the slender petiole_; otherwise resembling the preceding.--Copses, N. Eng. to Fla., west to Mich., Mo., and La.

[+][+][+] _Stems reclining or prostrate; racemes loosely flowered._

20. D. lineatum, DC. Stem minutely p.u.b.escent, striate-angled; leaflets...o...b..cular, smoothish (--1' long), much longer than the petiole; pod scarcely stalked in the calyx.--Dry soil, Md. and Va. to Fla. and La.

28. LESPEDeZA, Michx. BUSH-CLOVER.

Calyx 5-cleft; the lobes nearly equal, slender. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1); anthers all alike. Pods of a single 1-seeded joint (sometimes 2 jointed, with the lower joint empty and stalk-like), oval or roundish, flat, reticulated.--Herbs with pinnately 3-foliolate leaves, not stipellate. Flowers often polygamous, in summer and autumn. (Dedicated to _Lespedez_, the Spanish governor of Florida in the time of Michaux.)

-- 1. _Stipules subulate-setaceous; bracts minute; calyx-lobes attenuate; perennial._

[*] _Flowers of two sorts, the larger (violet-purple) perfect, but seldom fruitful, panicled or cl.u.s.tered; with smaller pistillate and fertile but mostly apetalous ones intermixed or in small subsessile cl.u.s.ters; calyx 1--2" long; pod exserted._

1. L. proc.u.mbens, Michx. _Slender, trailing and prostrate_, minutely appressed-hairy to soft-downy; leaflets oval or obovate-elliptical, 3--9" long; _peduncles very slender, few-flowered_; keel equalling the wings; pod small, roundish, obtuse or acute. (Incl. L. repens, _Bart._)--Dry sandy soil; common.

2. L. violacea, Pers. _Stems upright_ or spreading, slender, branched, rather _spa.r.s.ely leafy_ and sparingly p.u.b.escent; _leaflets thin, broadly oval or oblong_, finely appressed-p.u.b.escent beneath; _peduncles very slender, loosely few-flowered_, mostly longer than the leaves; flowers 3--4" long, the keel often the longest; _pod ovate_, 2--3" long, nearly glabrous.--Dry copses, N. Eng. to Minn. and E. Kan., south to Fla. and La.

3. L. reticulata, Pers. Stouter, _erect, very leafy; leaflets thickish, linear to linear-oblong_, 6--15" long, finely appressed-p.u.b.escent; _flowers_ (scarcely 3" long) _cl.u.s.tered on peduncles much shorter than the leaves_, the keel shorter than the standard; _pods ovate, acute_, 2" long, appressed-subp.u.b.escent. (L. violacea, var. angustifolia, _Torr. & Gray_.)--Ma.s.s. to Minn., and southward.

4. L. Stuvei, Nutt. _Stems_ upright-spreading, _very leafy_, simple or somewhat branched, _downy with spreading p.u.b.escence; leaflets oval or roundish_ varying to oblong or rarely linear-oblong, _silky or white-woolly beneath_ and sometimes above; flowers as in the last, often numerous and crowded; _pods ovate, ac.u.minate_, mostly 3" long, _downy_.--Ma.s.s. to Mich., and south to Va. and Tex.

Var. intermedia, Watson. p.u.b.escence more scanty and usually fine and appressed as in n. 3, but the leaflets oval to oblong; inflorescence often more open; pod of n. 4 or of n. 3. (L. violacea, var.

sessiliflora, of _Man._, mainly.)--Ma.s.s. to Fla., and west to Mich., Ill., E. Kan., and Ark.

[*][*] _Flowers all alike and perfect, in close spikes or heads; corolla whitish or cream-color with a purple spot on the standard, about the length of the downy 5-parted calyx; pod included; stems upright, wand-like (2--4 high)._

5. L. polystachya, Michx. Stem with mostly spreading p.u.b.escence; _petioles 2--6" long; leaflets from orbicular to oblong-ovate_, hairy; _spikes oblong, on elongated peduncles; pod_ (at maturity) oblong-ovate, p.u.b.escent, nearly 3" long, _hardly shorter than the calyx_. (L. hirta, _Ell._)--Dry hills, common.

6. L. capitata, Michx. _Stems rigid, woolly; petioles very short; leaflets oblong to narrowly oblong_, thickish, reticulated and mostly smooth above, silky or sometimes downy beneath; _heads of flowers globular, on peduncles shorter than the leaves; pod oblong-ovate, p.u.b.escent, much shorter than the calyx_.--Dry and sandy soil, N. Eng. to Fla., west to Minn., Mo., and La.

7. L. angustiflia, Ell. Like the last, but mostly appressed-silky, the _leaflets linear, the smaller often oblong heads on distinct and sometimes slender peduncles, the pod round-ovate_, acutish, 1--2"

long, _hardly shorter than the calyx_. (L. capitata, var. angustifolia, _Pursh._)--N. J. to Fla., west to Mich., Iowa, and La.

8. L. leptostachya, Gray. Clothed with appressed silky p.u.b.escence; stems often branched, slender; _leaflets linear_ to narrowly oblong; _spikes slender, somewhat loosely-flowered_, on peduncles as long as the leaves; _pod ovate, small_ (1" long), _about equalling the calyx_, densely p.u.b.escent.--Ill., Iowa, and Minn.

-- 2. _Stipules and bracts broad and scarious; calyx-lobes broad; annual._

L. STRIaTA, Hook. & Arn. Diffusely branched, dec.u.mbent, subp.u.b.escent; petioles very short; leaflets oblong-obovate, 6" long or less; peduncles very short, 1--5-flowered; pod small, little exceeding the calyx.--Common in the Southern States, extending into Mo. (Nat. from E.

Asia.)

29. STYLOSaNTHES, Swartz.

Calyx early deciduous; tube slender and stalk-like; limb unequally 4--5-cleft, the lower lobe more distinct. Corolla and monadelphous stamens inserted at the summit of the calyx-tube; standard orbicular; keel incurved. Anthers 10, the 5 longer ones fixed near their base, and the 5 alternate shorter ones fixed by the middle. Style filiform, its upper part falling off after flowering, the lower part incurved or hooked, persistent on the 1--2-jointed small and short reticulated pod; the lower joint when present empty and stalk-like.--Low perennials, branched from the base, with wiry stems, pinnately 3-foliolate leaves, the sheathing stipules united to the petiole, no stipels, and small, yellow flowers in terminal heads or short spikes. (Name composed of st????, _a column_, and ?????, _a flower_, from the stalk-like calyx-tube.)

1. S. elatior, Swartz. Tufted; leaflets lanceolate, strongly straight-veined; heads or cl.u.s.ters small and few-flowered.--Pine barrens, Long Island and N. J. to Fla., west to S. Ind., Kan., and Ark.

30. ViCIA, Tourn. VETCH. TARE.

Calyx 5-cleft or 5-toothed, the 2 upper teeth often shorter, or the lowest longer. Wings of the corolla adhering to the middle of the keel.

Stamens more or less diadelphous (9 and 1); the orifice of the tube oblique. Style filiform, hairy all round or only on the back at the apex. Pod flat, 2-valved, 2--several-seeded. Seeds globular. Cotyledons very thick, remaining under ground in germination.--Herbs, mostly climbing more or less by the tendril at the end of the pinnate leaves.

Stipules half-sagittate. Flowers or peduncles axillary. (The cla.s.sical Latin name.)

[*] _Annual; flowers 1 or 2 in the axils, nearly sessile, large, violet-purple._

V. SATVA, L. (COMMON VETCH or TARE.) Somewhat p.u.b.escent; stem simple; leaflets 5--7 pairs, varying from obovate-oblong to linear, notched and mucronate at the apex; pod linear, several-seeded.--Cultivated fields and waste places, N. Eng. to N. J. and southward, west to Mich. and Minn.--Var. ANGUSTIFLIA, Seringe, has longer and narrow leaflets.

(Adv. from Eu.)

[*][*] _Annual, slender; peduncles elongated; flowers small._

V. TETRASPeRMA, L. _Peduncles 1--2-flowered_; leaflets 4--6 pairs, linear-oblong, obtuse; calyx-teeth unequal; corolla whitish; _pods narrow, 4-seeded, smooth_.--Waste places, near the coast, N. Scotia to N. J. (Nat. from Eu.)

V. HIRSuTA, Koch. _Peduncles 3--6-flowered_; leaflets 6--8 pairs, truncate; calyx-teeth equal; corolla bluish; _pods oblong, 2-seeded, hairy_.--N. Brunswick to Ma.s.s. and Va. (Nat. from Eu.)

[*][*][*] _Perennial; peduncles elongated; calyx-teeth unequal; pod several-seeded._