The Dyeing of Woollen Fabrics Part 12

Lignorosine used as the a.s.sistant mordant in the above recipes works very well, and gives bright shades.

_Fast Bordeaux_.--Prepare a bath with 4 lb. Chromogene I, 1-1/2 lb.

Alizarine Red 1 W S, 1 lb. Alizarine Red 5 W S, 1/2 lb. Fast Acid Violet R, 10 lb. Glauber's salt and 3 lb. sulphuric acid. Work at the boil for one hour, then lift; add to the same bath 3 lb. bichromate of potash and 1-1/2 lb. sulphuric acid. Re-enter the goods and work to shade, then lift, wash and dry.

_Terra Cotta_.--Make a dye-bath of 30 lb. Fustic, 8 lb. Turmeric, 30 lb. Sanders and 10 lb. Sumac. Boil the goods in this for one (p. 121) hour, then add 3 lb. sulphate of copper, previously dissolved in water, boil for one hour; cool, sadden with Copperas, using about 3-1/2 lb. or less if required; then rinse and dry.

Another method is to mordant the goods at a boil for one and a half hours in 2 lb. bichromate of potash and 2 lb. tartar. Drain and wash.

Dye in a fresh bath with 8 lb. sanders and 10 lb. fustic; afterwards sadden with 1/4 lb. copperas; allow to stand one hour; wash and dry.

ORANGE SHADES ON WOOL.

#With Direct Dyes.# Make a dye-bath with 2 lb. t.i.tan Orange, 20 lb.

Glauber's salt, and 1/2 lb. acetic acid. Work at the boil for one and a half hours, then lift, wash and dry.

_Bright Orange_.--Dye with 1-1/2 lb. Benzo Orange R, 10 lb. salt, and 1 lb. acetic acid, working at the boil for one hour.

_Orange_.--Dye with 2 lb. Chloramine Orange, 20 lb. salt, and a little acetic acid, working at the boil for one hour.

_Orange_.--Dye with 2 lb. Diamine Orange G C, and 20 lb. Glauber's salt.

_Pale Orange_.--Dye with 3 lb. Diamine Gold, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 5 lb. ammonium acetate.

_Reddish Orange_.--Dye with 3 lb. Diamine Orange D C and 20 lb.

Glauber's salt.

_Orange_.--Dye with 2 lb. Diamine Scarlet B, 1 lb. Thioflavine S, and 20 lb. Glauber's salt.

_Dark Orange_.--Dye with 1 lb. Diamine Red 5 B, 1 lb. Thioflavine S, and 20 lb. Glauber's salt.

#With Acid Colours.# _Orange_.--Dye with 2 lb. Ponceau 3 G, 10 lb.

Glauber's salt, and 2 lb. sulphuric acid.

_Bright Orange_.--Dye with 2 lb. Mandarine G, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 2 lb. sulphuric acid.

_Orange_.--Dye with 2 lb. Croceine Orange, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 2 lb. sulphuric acid.

_Bright Orange_.--Use 3 lb. Orange G G, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and (p. 122) 2 lb. sulphuric acid, boiling for one hour.

_Orange_.--Use 3 lb. Orange R, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 2 lb.

sulphuric acid. Work at the boil. Orange Extra will give a slightly less red tone of orange, Croceine orange gives a good bright shade of a yellowish tone.

There are several brands of Orange dyes which can be used; they differ but little in shade from one another. In general they give fast colours. The Tropaeolines also dye orange shades, but they are not so fast as the other dyes which have been named.

_Gold Orange_.--Make a dye-bath with 1/2 lb. Diamine scarlet B, 2 lb.

Anthracene Yellow C, 50 lb. Glauber's salt, 5 lb. acetate of ammonia.

Enter the wool, work for half an hour, then add 3 lb. bisulphate of soda. Boil again for half an hour, then lift. Add 3 lb. fluoride of chrome, re-enter the wool, boil again for half an hour, then lift, wash and dry. This gives a very fast orange.

#With Mordant Dyes.# _Old Gold_.--Mordant with 3 lb. bichromate of potash and 1 lb. sulphuric acid; dye with 6 lb. Alizarine Yellow R W.

_Pale Orange_.--Mordant with 6 lb. alum and 4 lb. tartar; dye with 1 lb. Alizarine Orange G G.

_Deep Orange_.--Mordant with 10 lb. alum and 6 lb. tartar; dye with 10 lb. Alizarine Orange N. This last dye-stuff gives a slightly redder shade of Orange than does the Alizarine Orange G.

_Deep Orange_.--Dye in a bath with 1-3/4 lb. Azo Alizarine Orange R R, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 2 lb. sulphuric acid, and fix in the same bath with 1 lb. bichromate of potash.

_Orange_.--Dye in a bath with 1 lb. Alizarine Red 1 W S, 2 lb. Mordant Yellow O, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 2 lb. sulphuric acid, then fix with 1-1/2 lb. bichromate of potash.

_Orange_.--Dye in a bath with 1 lb. Anthracene Red, 2 lb. (p. 123) Alizarine Yellow, 10 lb. Glauber's salt and 2 lb. sulphuric acid.

After dyeing fix with 2 lb. fluoride of chrome.

_Gold Orange_. Mordant with 3 lb. bichromate of potash, and 2 lb.

tartar, for one and a half hours at the boil; rinse. Then dye in a new bath with 1 lb. Alizarine Orange, 17 lb. Fustic extract. Work at 100 F. for half an hour, then heat gradually to the boil and dye for one and a half hours at that temperature; lift, rinse and wash.

#Olive Yellow on Worsted Yarn.#--Mordant the yarn by boiling for one hour or one and a half hours in a bath of 3 lb. bichromate of potash; then dye in a bath of 1-1/2 lb. Gambine Yellow and 10 lb. of fustic chips.

Red and orange form a kind of group of colours which shade off one into the other almost imperceptibly by using a range of dyes such as Croceine A Z, Brilliant Croceine 9 B, Brilliant Croceine 7 B, Brilliant Croceine 5 B, Brilliant Croceine 3 B, Brilliant Croceine M O O, Crystal Scarlet 6 R, Brilliant Cochineal 4 R, Brilliant Croceine B, Brilliant Cochineal 2 R, Orange E N Z, and Croceine Orange E N. It is possible to dye shades from a scarlet crimson to a bright orange.

YELLOW SHADES ON WOOL.

The number of yellow dye-stuffs is very great, and the variety of tints infinite. Yellow may be dyed with both natural and artificial dye-stuffs, and the recipes given will include examples showing the use of both kinds. Speaking generally, yellow dye-stuffs include amongst them some of the fastest colours known, and there is a larger proportion of fast yellow colouring matters than of any other cla.s.s of dye-stuffs.

#With Acid Yellows.# _Bright Yellow_.--Make the dye-bath with 1 lb. Fast Yellow F Y, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 2 lb. sulphuric acid, working at the boil to shade.

_Olive Yellow_.--Prepare the dye-bath with 1 lb. Azo Carmine, (p. 124) 1-1/2 oz. indigo carmine, 1/2 lb. Fast Yellow, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 2 lb. sulphuric acid, working at the boil to shade.

_Maize Yellow_.--Prepare a dye-bath with 5 lb. acetate of ammonia, 3 oz. Anthracene Yellow C, 1/4 oz. Diamine Fast Red F. Work for twenty minutes at the boil, then add 3 lb. bisulphate of soda; work half an hour longer, and then wash and dry.

_Bright Canary_.--Prepare a dye-bath with 4 lb. bisulphate of soda, 1/2 lb. Nitrazine Yellow. Heat the bath to about 120 F., enter the goods and heat up to the boil, and work till the bath is exhausted, then lift; add to the dye-bath 3 lb. alum, 3 lb. tin spirits; re-enter the goods, and boil for twenty minutes longer; lift, wash and dry.

_Bright Straw_.--Dye with 3 oz. Phenoflavine and 20 lb. bisulphate of soda.

_Straw_.--Make the dye-bath with 1-1/4 oz. Azo Yellow, 1 dr.

Cyanine B, 1 dr. Chromotrop 2 R, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 1 lb.

sulphuric acid.

_Greenish Straw_.--Dye with 1/4 oz. Cyanine B, 1 oz. Victoria Yellow, 1/4 oz. Chromotrop 2 B, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 1 lb. sulphuric acid.

_Olive Yellow_.--Mordant with 3 lb. bichromate of potash and 1 lb.

sulphuric acid; dye with 3 lb. Milling yellow O and 1 lb. acetic acid.

_Bright Yellow_.--A good shade is dyed in a bath of 2 lb. Milling yellow O, 10 lb. Glauber's salt, and 2 lb. sulphuric acid, working at the boil.

_Olive Yellow_.--Dye with 1-1/2 lb. t.i.tan Yellow R, 10 lb. common salt, and 1 lb. acetic acid; after the colour has fully gone on to the wool, add to the bath 1-1/2 lb. fluoride of chrome and maintain at the boil for half an hour; then lift, wash and dry.

_Deep Yellow_.--The dye-bath is made with 1-1/2 lb. t.i.tan (p. 125) Yellow R, 10 lb. common salt, and 1 lb. acetic acid, working at the boil to shade.

_Yellow_.--A good shade is dyed with 1-1/2 lb. t.i.tan Yellow Y, 10 lb.