Graded Lessons in English Part 18

2. Man is an animal.

3. Washington captured Cornwallis.

4. Wellington defeated Napoleon at Waterloo.

5. Balboa discovered the Pacific ocean.

6. Vulcan was a blacksmith.

7. The summer has been very rainy.

8. Columbus made four voyages to the New World.

9. The moon reflects the light of the sun.

10. The first vice-president of the United States was John Adams.

11. Roger Williams was the founder of Rhode Island.

12. Harvey discovered the circulation of blood.

13. Diamonds are combustible.

14. Napoleon died a prisoner, at St.. Helena.

15. In 1619 the first ship-load of slaves was landed at Jamestown.

The pupil will notice that _animal_, in sentence No. 2, is an _attribute complement_, though it is not an adjective expressing a quality belonging to man, but a noun denoting his cla.s.s. +_Nouns_+ then may be +_attribute compliments_+.

The pupil will notice also that some of the _object_ and _attribute complements_ above have phrase modifiers.

LESSON 43.

SENTENCE-BUILDING.

Using the following predicates, build sentences having subjects, predicates, and object complements with or without modifiers.

---- climb ----; ---- hunt ----; ---- command ----; ---- attacked ----; ---- pursued ----; ---- shall receive ----; ---- have seen ----; ---- love ----.

Change the following expressions into sentences by _a.s.serting_ the qualities here _a.s.sumed_. Use these verbs for predicates:

Is, were, appears, may be, became, was, have been, should have been, is becoming, are.

+Model+.--_Heavy_ gold. Gold _is heavy_.

Green fields; sweet oranges; interesting story; brilliant sunrise; severe punishment; playful kittens; warm weather; pitiful sight; sour grapes; amusing anecdote.

Prefix to the following nouns several adjectives expressing qualities, and then make complete sentences by _a.s.serting_ the same qualities.

white | Chalk _is white_.

+Model+.--brittle + chalk. Chalk _is brittle_.

soft | Chalk _is soft_.

Gold, pears, pens, lead, water, moon, vase, rock, lakes, summer, ocean, valley.

Find your own material, and build two sentences having object complements, and two having attribute complements.

LESSON 44.

a.n.a.lYSIS AND PARSING.

MISCELLANEOUS.

+Models+.--

expands /=========== Learning | / ' | mind =========|=and' ======= | ' elevates / the ============

ran ========= / ' forward He | / '

=======|=== and'

' kissed | him ================

In the second diagram, one of the predicate lines is followed by a complement line; but the two predicate lines are not united, for the two verbs have not a common object.

1. Learning expands and elevates the mind.

2. He ran forward and kissed him.

3. The earth and the moon are planets.

4. The Swiss scenery is picturesque.

5. Jefferson was chosen the third president of the United States.

6. Nathan Hale died a martyr to liberty.

7. The man stood speechless.

8. Labor disgraces no man.

9. Aristotle and Plato were the most distinguished philosophers of antiquity.

10. Josephus wrote a history of the Jews.

11. This man seems the leader of the whole party.

12. The attribute complement completes the predicate and belongs to the subject.

13. Lord Cornwallis became governor of Bengal after his disastrous defeat.

14. The mult.i.tude ran before him and strewed branches in the way.

15. Peter Minuits traded with the Indians, and bought the whole island of Manhattan for twenty-four dollars.

LESSON 45.

a.n.a.lYSIS AND PARSING.

MISCELLANEOUS.

+Model+.--

wise /========== / ' in / X' council / ' --------- Henry IV. | was / ' simple ===========|============== '========== of | very and' in House ' manners -------- ' --------- the of ' chivalric Burbon ============ ------- in field ------- the

The line standing for the word-modifier is joined to that part of the complement line which represents the _entire_ attribute complement.

1. Henry IV., of the House of Bourbon, was very wise in council, simple in manners, and chivalric in the field.