Trees of Indiana Part 20

Round topped shrub or tree sometimes 8 meters (25 feet) high.

Specimens have been seen from the following counties: Delaware and Lagrange (Deam).

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 85.

CRATaeGUS CHRYSOCARPA Ashe. Round-leaved Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 86.

CRATaeGUS VIRIDIS Linnaeus. Southern Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

=10. Crataegus viridis= Linnaeus. Southern Thorn. Plate 86. Bark gray to light orange; spines uncommon, 2-5 cm. (3/4-3-1/4 inches) long; leaves oblong-ovate, 2-8 cm. (3/4-3-1/4 inches) long, 2-5 cm. (1/2-2 inches) wide, acute, ac.u.minate or even obtuse at the apex, serrate or doubly serrate, often with acute or obtuse lobes towards the apex, dark green, shining and slightly impressed veined above, sometimes p.u.b.escent along the veins beneath; petioles 1-2 cm. (3/8-3/4 inch) long, slightly winged above; corymbs glabrous, many flowered; flowers appear in May, 1-1.5 cm. (1/2-2/3 inch) broad; stamens about 20; anthers usually yellow, sometimes pink; styles and nutlets 4 or 5; calyx lobes lanceolate-ac.u.minate, entire, slightly p.u.b.escent inside; fruit ripens in October, globose or compressed-globose, bright red or orange, glaucous, 4-6 mm. (1/4 inch) thick, flesh thin, hard, edible.

=Distribution.=--Moist, alluvial soil along streams and lakes, southeastern Virginia to northern Florida and southwestern Indiana to eastern Kansas and Texas.

A tree from 6-11 m. (20-35 feet) high, with ascending branches and a broad crown.

Specimens have been examined from the following counties: Dubois (Deam); Gibson (Schneck), (Deam); Knox (Schneck); Posey (Deam).

=11. Crataegus nitida= (Engelmann) Sargent. Shining Thorn. Plate 87.

Bark dark and scaly; spines occasional, 3-5 cm. (1-2 inches) long; leaves oblong-ovate to oval, 3-8 cm. (1-1/4-3 inches) long, 2-6 cm.

(3/4-2-1/4 inches) wide, acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, coa.r.s.ely serrate or twice serrate with acute lobes towards the apex, dark green and shining above, glabrous; petioles 1-2 cm. (3/8-3/4 inch) long, slightly winged above, slightly villous when young; corymbs glabrous, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, 1.2-2 cm. (1/2-3/4 inch) broad; stamens about 20; anthers light yellow; styles and nutlets 3-5; calyx lobes lanceolate-ac.u.minate, entire; fruit ripens in October, globose to short-ellipsoidal, dark dull red, 6-9 mm. (1/4-1/2 inch) thick; flesh yellow, mealy, hard.

=Distribution.=--River bottoms southwestern Indiana to southern Illinois. A tree sometimes 9 m. (30 feet) high, with ascending and spreading branches and a broad crown.

Specimens have been seen from Gibson (Schneck); Posey (Deam).

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 87.

CRATaeGUS NITIDA (Engelmann) Sargent. Shining Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 88.

CRATaeGUS MACROSPERMA Ashe. Variable Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

=12. Crataegus macrosperma= Ashe. Variable Thorn. Plate 88. Bark brown, scaly; spines numerous, stout, curved, 2-7 cm. (3/4-2-3/4 inches) long; leaves broadly elliptical-ovate to broadly ovate, 2-7 cm. (3/4-2-3/4 inches) long and wide, acute at the apex, rounded, truncate or rarely cordate at the base, serrate or doubly serrate, slightly villous, becoming glabrate, dark yellow-green above, membranaceous; petioles slender, 2-3 cm. (1/2-1-1/4 inches) long, slightly winged above; corymbs glabrous or slightly villous, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, 1.5-2 cm. (1/2-3/4 inch) broad; stamens 5-20, usually 5-10; styles and nutlets usually 3 or 4; calyx lobes lanceolate-ac.u.minate, entire; fruit ripens in August or September, ellipsoidal or pyriform, scarlet to crimson, often glaucous, 1-1.8 cm. (1/3-3/4 inch) thick, flesh succulent, edible; calyx lobes persistent, erect or spreading.

=Distribution.=--Nova Scotia and Maine to southeastern Minnesota and south in the mountains to North Carolina and Tennessee.

Usually a large shrub but occasionally a small tree, sometimes 8 m. (25 feet) high, with ascending branches.

Specimens have been seen from the following counties: Allen (Deam); Bartholomew (Deam); Clark (Deam); Decatur (Deam); Fulton (Deam); Hanc.o.c.k (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Madison (Deam); Porter (Deam); Randolph (Deam); Shelby (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Washington (Deam); Wells (Deam); Whitley (Deam).

=Crataegus macrosperma= Ashe. var. =matura= (Sargent) Eggleston. Lobes of the leaves ac.u.minate, often recurved; fruit ripens early.

=Distribution.=--Known in Indiana only from Deam's specimen No. 14187 from Wells County.

=13. Crataegus basilca= Beadle. (_Crataegus alnorum_ Sargent.

_Crataegus Edsoni_ Sargent). Edson's Thorn. Plate 89. Bark brown, scaly; spines 2.5-4 cm. (1-1-1/2 inches) long, stout, curved; leaves ovate, 3-7 cm. (1-1/4-2-3/4 inches) long, acute at the apex, broadly cuneate or truncate at base, serrate or doubly serrate with acute lobes, dull dark yellow-green above, paler beneath; corymbs glabrous, many flowered; flowers 15-20 mm. (5/8-7/8 inch) broad; stamens about 20; anthers pink; styles and nutlets 3-5; fruit subglobose, slightly angular, dark cherry-red, 12-15 mm. (1/2-5/8 inch) thick, flesh succulent; calyx lobes erect or spreading.

=Distribution.=--New England to southern Michigan, northern Indiana and Pennsylvania to mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee.

A broad shrub or small tree sometimes 4.5 meters (15 feet) high, branches ascending.

Specimens examined: Wells (Deam).

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 89.

CRATaeGUS BASILICA Beadle. Edson's Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 90.

CRATaeGUS JESUPI Sargent. Jesup's Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

=14. Crataegus Jesupi= Sargent. Jesup's Thorn. Twin Mountain Thorn.

Plate 90. Bark grayish-brown; spines stout, straight 2-4 cm. (3/4-1-1/2 inches) long; leaves elliptical-ovate, 3.5-7 cm. (1-1/2-3 inches) long, 2-5.5 cm. (1-2 inches) wide, acute or ac.u.minate at the apex, broadly cuneate to truncate-cordate, serrate or doubly serrate, with 4 or 5 pairs of acute lobes, yellow-green above, paler beneath, glabrous; petioles slender, 2-3.5 cm. (3/4-1-1/2 inches) long, slightly winged above; corymbs glabrous, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, about 2 cm. (5/6 inch) broad; stamens about 10; anthers dark red; styles and nutlets usually 3 or 4; calyx lobes entire; fruit ripens in October, short-ellipsoidal to pyriform, dark red, slightly angled, lacking bloom when mature, about 1 cm. (3/8 inch) thick, flesh yellow, firm; calyx lobes mostly deciduous.

=Distribution.=--Western Vermont, to southwestern Wisconsin and south to Pennsylvania and Owen County, Indiana.

A shrubby tree, sometimes 6 m. (20 feet) high, with ascending branches and a round crown.

Specimens examined: Owen (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam).

=15. Crataegus rugsa= Ashe. (_Crataegus deltoides_ Ashe). Fretz's Thorn. Plate 91. Spines numerous, 3-6 cm. (1-1/4-2-1/2 inches) long, stout curved; leaves broadly ovate, 3-7 cm. (1-2-3/4 inches) long and broad, acute or ac.u.minate at the apex, cordate or truncate at the base, serrate or twice serrate with 4-6 pairs of broad ac.u.minate lobes, glabrous, membranaceous; petioles 1-3 cm. (3/8-1-1/4 inches) long, glabrous; corymbs many-flowered, glabrous; flowers appear in May, about 2 cm. (5/6 inch) broad; stamens 10-20; anthers pink; styles and nutlets usually 4 or 5; calyx lobes deltoid-ac.u.minate, entire or slightly serrate at the base; fruit ripens in October, depressed-globose, bright red, angular, glabrous, waxy, 1-1.5 cm. (1/2-2/3 inch) thick, flesh yellow, somewhat succulent; calyx lobes persistent, spreading, the tube rather prominent.

=Distribution.=--Southwestern New England to southern Indiana and the mountains of North Carolina.

A shrub or tree sometimes 6 m. (20 feet) high, with ascending branches and an irregular crown.

Specimens examined: Allen (Deam); Decatur (Deam); Grant (Deam); Jennings (Deam); Owen (Deam); Perry (Deam); Wells (Deam).

=16. Crataegus filipes= Ashe. Miss Beckwith's Thorn. (_Crataegus silvicola_ var. _Beckwithae_ (Sargent) Eggleston). Plate 92. Spines numerous, curved, chestnut-brown, 2.5 to 6 cm. (1-2-1/2 inches) long; bark slightly scaly; leaves 2-7 cm. (3/4-2-3/4 inches) long, 2-6 cm.

(3/4-2-1/2 inches) wide; leaves ovate, acute or ac.u.minate at apex, rounded, truncate or on vegetative shoots cordate at base, serrate or doubly serrate, lower pair of ac.u.minate lobes often deeply cut, membranaceous, glabrous; corymbs glabrous; flowers about 2 cm. (3/4 inch) broad; stamens about 10; anthers pink; styles and nutlets 3-5; fruit globose or compressed-globose, cherry-red, 8-10 mm. (1/3 inch) thick, ripens in October.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 91.

CRATaeGUS RUGOSA Ashe. Fretz's Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 92.

CRATaeGUS FILIPES Ashe. Miss Beckwith's Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

=Distribution.=--Western New England to central Michigan and south to Pennsylvania and southern Indiana.

A shrub or tree sometimes 9 meters (30 feet) high, with irregular ascending branches.

Specimens have been seen from Perry County, Deam's No. 27104.

=17. Crataegus Gattingeri= Ashe. (_Crataegus coccinea_ var. _oligandra_ Torrey and Gray). Dr. Clapp's Thorn. Gattinger's Thorn. Plate 93. Spines numerous, 2.5-6 cm. (1-2 inches) long; leaves narrowly ovate to deltoid, 2.5-6 cm. (1-2-1/2 inches) long, 2-5 cm. (3/4-2 inches) wide, ac.u.minate at the apex, broadly cuneate or rounded at the base, serrate or doubly serrate, lobed towards the apex, membranaceous, glabrous, dark green above; petioles glabrous, 2-3 cm. (3/4-1-1/4 inches) long; corymbs glabrous, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, about 2 cm. (3/4 inch) broad; stamens 10-20; anthers small, pink; styles and nutlets usually 3 or 4; fruit ripens in October, globose, angular, red, slightly waxy, 0.8-1.2 cm. (1/3-1/2 inch) thick, flesh hard; calyx tube prominent, the lobes triangular, spreading.