The Grammar of English Grammars Part 220

5. Correction of _Murray_, in the division of proper names: Hel-en, Leon-ard, Phil-ip, Rob-ert, Hor-ace, Thom-as;--Car-o-line, Cath-a-rine, Dan-i-el, Deb-o-rah, Dor-o-thy, Fred-er-ick, Is-a-bel, Jon-a-than, Lyd-i-a, Nich-o-las, Ol-i-ver, Sam-u-el, Sim-e-on, Sol-o-mon, Tim-o-thy, Val-en-tine;--A-mer-i-ca, Bar-thol-o-mew, E-liz-a-beth, Na-than-i-el, Pe-nel-o-pe, The-oph-i-lus.

LESSON II.--MIXED EXAMPLES.

1. Correction of _Webster_, by Rule 1st:--ca-price, e-steem, dis-e-steem, o-blige;--a-zure, ma-tron, pa-tron, pha-lanx, si-ren, trai-tor, tren-cher, bar-ber, bur-nish, gar-nish, tar-nish, var-nish, mar-ket, mus-ket, pam-phlet;--bra-ver-y, kna-ver-y, sla-ver-y, e-ven-ing, sce-ner-y, bri-ber-y, ni-ce-ty, chi-ca-ner-y, ma-chin-er-y, im-a-ger-y;--a-sy-lum, ho-ri-zon,--fin-an-cier, her-o-ism, sar-do-nyx, scur-ri-lous,--co-me-di-an, pos-te-ri-or.

2. Correction of _Webster_, by Rule 2d: o-yer, fo-li-o, ge-ni-al, ge-ni-us, ju-ni-or, sa-ti-ate, vi-ti-ate;--am-bro-si-a, cha-me-_le_-on, par-he-li-on, con-ve-ni-ent, in-ge-ni-ous, om-nis-ci-ence, pe-cu-li-ar, so-ci-a-ble, par-ti-al-i-ty, pe-cu-ni-a-ry;--an-nun-ci-ate, e-nun-ci-ate, ap-pre-ci-ate, as-so-ci-ate, ex-pa-ti-ate, in-gra-ti-ate, in-i-ti-ate, li-cen-ti-ate, ne-go-ti-ate, no-vi-ti-ate, of-fi-ci-ate, pro-pi-ti-ate, sub-stan-ti-ate.

3. Correction of _Cobb_ and _Webster_, by each other, under Rule 3d: "dress-er, hast-y, past-ry, seiz-ure, roll-er, jest-er, weav-er, vamp-er, hand-y, dross-y, gloss-y, mov-er, mov-ing, ooz-y, full-er, trust-y, weight-y, nois-y, drows-y, swarth-y."--_Webster_. Again: "east-ern, ful-ly, pul-let, ril-let, scant-y, need-y."--_Cobb._

4. Correction of _Webster_ and _Cobb_, under Rule 4th: a-wry, a-thwart', pros-pect'-ive, pa-ren'-the-sis, re-sist-i-bil'-i-ty, hem-i-spher'-ic, mon'-o-stich, hem'-i-stich, to'-wards.

5. Correction of the words under Rule 5th; Eng-land, an oth-er,[524]

Beth-es'-da, Beth-ab'-a-ra.

LESSON III.--MIXED EXAMPLES.

1. Correction of _Cobb_, by Rule 3d: bend-er, bless-ing, bra.s.s-y, chaff-y, chant-er, clasp-er, craft-y, curd-y, fend-er, film-y, fust-y, gla.s.s-y, graft-er, gra.s.s-y, gust-y, hand-ed, ma.s.s-y, musk-y, rust-y, swell-ing, tell-er, test-ed, thrift-y, vest-ure.

2. Corrections of _Webster_, mostly by Rule 1st: bar-ber, bur-nish, bris-ket, can-ker, char-ter, cuc-koo, fur-nish, gar-nish, guilt-y, han-ker, lus-ty, por-tal, tar-nish, tes-tate, tes-ty, trai-tor, trea-ty, var-nish, ves-tal, di-ur-nal, e-ter-nal, in-fer-nal, in-ter-nal, ma-ter-nal, noc-tur-nal, pa-ter-nal.

3. Corrections of _Webster_, mostly by Rule 1st: ar-mor-y, ar-ter-y, _butch-er-y_, cook-er-y, eb-on-y, em-er-y, ev-er-y, fel-on-y, fop-per-y, frip-per-y, gal-ler-y, his-tor-y, liv-er-y, lot-ter-y, mock-er-y, _mys-ter-y_,[525] nun-ner-y, or-rer-y, pil-lor-y, quack-er-y, sor-cer-y, witch-er-y.

4. Corrections of _Cobb_, mostly by Rule 1st: an-kle, bas-ket, blan-ket, buc-kle, cac-kle, cran-kle, crin-kle, Eas-ter, fic-kle, frec-kle, knuc-kle, mar-ket, mon-key, por-tress, pic-kle, poul-tice, pun-cheon, quad-rant, quad-rate, squad-ron, ran-kle, shac-kle, sprin-kle, tin-kle, twin-kle, wrin-kle.

5. Corrections of _Emerson_, by Rules 1st and 3d: as-cribe, blan-dish, branch-y, cloud-y, dust-y, drear-y, e-ven-ing, fault-y, filth-y, frost-y, gaud-y, gloom-y, health-y, heark-en, heart-y, h.o.a.r-y, leak-y, loun-ger, marsh-y, might-y, milk-y, naught-y, pa.s.s-ing, pitch-er, read-y, rock-y, speed-y, stead-y, storm-y, thirst-y, thorn-y, trust-y, vest-ry, west-ern, wealth-y.

CHAPTER III.--OF WORDS.

CORRECTIONS RESPECTING THE FIGURE, OR FORM, OF WORDS.

RULE I.--COMPOUNDS.

"Professing to imitate Timon, the _manhater_."--_Goldsmith corrected_. "Men load hay with a _pitchfork._"--_Webster cor._ "A _peartree_ grows from the seed of a pear."--_Id._ "A _toothbrush_ is good to brush your teeth."--_Id._ "The mail is opened at the _post-office_."--_Id._ "The error seems to me _twofold_."--_Sanborn cor._ "To _preengage_ means to engage _beforehand_."--_Webster cor._ "It is a mean act to deface the figures on a _milestone_."--_Id._ "A grange is a farm, _with its farm- house_."--_Id._ "It is no more right to steal apples or _watermelons_, than [to steal]

money."--_Id._ "The awl is a tool used by shoemakers and _harness-makers_."--_Id._ "_Twenty-five_ cents are equal to one quarter of a dollar."--_Id._ "The _blowing-up_ of the Fulton at New York, was a terrible disaster."--_Id._ "The elders also, and the _bringers-up_ of the children, sent to Jehu."--ALGER, FRIENDS, ET AL.: _2 Kings_, x, 5. "Not with _eyeservice_ as _menpleasers_."--_Col._, iii, 22. "A _good-natured_ and equitable construction of cases."--_Ash cor._ "And purify your hearts, ye _double-minded_."--_James_, iv, 8. "It is a _mean-spirited_ action to steal; i.e., To steal is a _mean-spirited_ action."--_A. Murray cor._ "There is, indeed, one form of orthography which is _akin_ to the subjunctive mood of the Latin tongue."--_Booth cor._ "To bring him into nearer connexion with real and _everyday_ life."--_Philological Museum_, Vol. i, p. 459. "The _commonplace_, stale declamation of its revilers would be silenced."--_Id. cor._ "She [Cleopatra] formed a very singular and _unheard-of_ project."--_Goldsmith cor._ "He [William Tell] had many vigilant, though _feeble-talented_ and _mean-spirited_ enemies."--_R. Vaux cor._ "These _old-fashioned_ people would level our psalmody,"

&c.--_Gardiner cor._ "This _slow-shifting_ scenery in the theatre of harmony."--_Id._ "So we are a.s.sured from Scripture _itself_."--_Harris cor._ "The mind, being disheartened, then betakes _itself_ to trifling."--_R. Johnson cor._ "_Whosesoever_ sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them."--_Bible cor._ "Tarry we _ourselves_ how we will."--_W.

Walker cor._ "Manage your credit so, that you need neither swear _yourself_, nor seek a voucher."--_Collier cor._ "Whereas song never conveys any of the _abovenamed_ sentiments."--_Dr. Rush cor._ "I go on _horseback_."--_Guy cor._ "This requires purity, in opposition to barbarous, obsolete, or _new-coined words_."--_Adam cor._ "May the _ploughshare_ shine."--_White cor._ "_Whichever_ way we consider it."--_Locke cor._

"_Where'er_ the silent _e_ a _place_ obtains, The _voice_ foregoing, _length_ and softness gains."--_Brightland cor._

RULE II.--SIMPLES.

"It qualifies any of the four parts of speech _above named_."--_Kirkham cor._ "After _a while_ they put us out among the rude mult.i.tude."--_Fox cor._ "It would be a _shame_, if your mind should falter and give in."--_Collier cor._ "They stared _a while_ in silence one upon _an other_."--_Johnson cor._ "After pa.s.sion has for _a while_ exercised its tyrannical sway."--_Murray cor._ "Though set within the same _general frame_ of intonation."--_Rush cor._ "Which do not carry any of the natural _vocal signs_ of expression."--_Id._ "The measurable _constructive powers_ of a few a.s.sociable const.i.tuents."--_Id._ "Before each accented syllable or emphatic _monosyllabic word_."--_Id._ "One should not think too favourably of _one's self_."--_Murray's Gram._, i, 154. "Know ye not your _own selves_, how that Jesus Christ is in you?"--_2 Cor._, xiii, 5. "I judge not my _own self_, for I know nothing of my _own self_."--See _1 Cor._, iv, 3.

"Though they were in such a rage, I desired them to tarry _a while_."--_Josephus cor._ "_A, in stead_ of _an_, is now used before words beginning with _u_ long."--_Murray cor._ "John will have earned his wages _by_ next _new year's_ day."--_Id._ "A _new year's gift_ is a present made on the first day of the year."--_Johnson et al. cor._ "When he sat on the throne, distributing _new year's gifts_."--_Id._ "St. Paul admonishes Timothy to refuse _old wives' fables_."--See _1 Tim._, iv, 7. "The world, take it _all together_, is but one."--_Collier cor._ "In writings of this stamp, we must accept of sound _in stead_ of sense."--_Murray cor._ "A _male_ child, a _female_ child; _male_ descendants, _female_ descendants."--_Goldsbury et al. cor._ "_Male_ servants, _female_ servants; _male_ relations, _female_ relations."--_Felton cor._

"Reserved and cautious, with no partial aim, My muse e'er sought to blast _an other's_ fame."--_Lloyd cor._

RULE III.--THE SENSE.

"Our discriminations of this matter have been but _four-footed_ instincts."--_Rush cor._ "He is in the right, (says Clytus,) not to bear _free-born_ men at his table."--_Goldsmith cor._ "To the _short-seeing_ eye of man, the progress may appear little."--_The Friend cor._ "Knowledge and virtue are, emphatically, the _stepping-stones_ to individual distinction."--_Town cor._ "A _tin-peddler_ will sell tin vessels as he travels."--_Webster cor._ "The beams of a _wooden house_ are held up by the posts and joists."--_Id._ "What you mean by _future-tense_ adjective, I can easily understand."--_Tooke cor._ "The town has been for several days very _well-behaved_."--_Spectator cor._ "A _rounce_ is the handle of a _printing-press_."--_Webster cor._ "The phraseology [which] we call _thee-and-thouing_ [or, better, _thoutheeing_,] is not in so common use with us, as the _tutoyant_ among the French."--_Walker cor._ "Hunting and other _outdoor_ sports, are generally pursued."--_Balbi cor._ "Come unto me, all ye that labor and are _heavy-laden_."--_Scott et al. cor._ "G.o.d so loved the world, that he gave his _only-begotten_ Son to save it."--See ALGER'S BIBLE, and FRIENDS': _John_, iii, 16. "Jehovah is a _prayer-hearing_ G.o.d: Nineveh repented, and was spared."--_Observer cor._ "These are _well-pleasing_ to G.o.d, in all ranks and relations."--_Barclay cor._ "Whosoever cometh _anything_ near unto the tabernacle."--_Bible cor._ "The words coalesce, when they have a _long-established_ a.s.sociation."--_Mur. cor._ "Open to me the gates of righteousness: I will go _into_ them."--MODERN BIBLE: _Ps_. cxviii, 19. "He saw an angel of G.o.d coming _in to_ him."--_Acts_, x, 3. "The consequences of any action are to be considered in a _twofold_ light."--_Wayland cor._ "We commonly write _twofold, threefold, fourfold_, and so on up to _tenfold_, without a hyphen; and, after that, we use one."--_G. Brown_. "When the first mark is going off, he cries, _Turn_! the _gla.s.sholder_ answers, _Done_!"--_Bowditch cor._ "It is a kind of familiar _shaking-hands_ (or _shaking of hands_) with all the vices."--_Maturin cor._ "She is a _good-natured_ woman;"--"James is _self-opinionated_;"--"He is _broken-hearted_."--_Wright cor._ "These three examples apply to the _present-tense_ construction only."--_Id._ "So that it was like a game of _hide-and-go-seek_."--_Gram.

cor._

"That lowliness is young ambition's ladder, Whereto the _climber-upward_ turns his face."--_Shak._

RULE IV.--ELLIPSES.

"This building serves yet for a _schoolhouse_ and a meeting-house."--_G.

Brown_. "Schoolmasters and _schoolmistresses, if_ honest friends, are to be encouraged."--_Discip. cor._ "We never a.s.sumed to ourselves a _faith-making_ or a _worship-making_ power."--_Barclay cor._ "_Potash_ and _pearlash_ are made from common ashes."--_Webster cor._ "Both the _ten-syllable_ and the _eight-syllable_ verses are iambics."--_Blair cor._ "I say to myself, thou _say'st to thyself_, he says to _himself_, &c."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "Or those who have esteemed themselves _skillful_, have tried for the mastery in _two-horse_ or _four-horse_ chariots."--_Ware cor._ "I remember him barefooted and _bareheaded_, running through the streets."--_Edgeworth cor._ "Friends have the entire control of the _schoolhouse_ and _dwelling-house_." Or:--"of the _schoolhouses_ and _dwelling-houses_" Or:--"of the _schoolhouse_ and the _dwelling-houses_"

Or:--"of the _schoolhouses_ and the _dwelling-house_." Or:--"of the _school_, and _of the dwelling-houses_." [For the sentence here to be corrected is so ambiguous, that any of these may have been the meaning intended by it.]--_The Friend cor._ "The meeting is held at the _first-mentioned_ place in _Firstmonth_; at the _last-mentioned_, in _Secondmonth_; and so on."--_Id._ "Meetings for worship are held, at the same hour, on _Firstday_ and _Fourthday_." Or:--"on _Firstdays_ and _Fourthdays_."--_Id._ "Every part of it, inside and _outside_, is covered with gold leaf."--_Id._ "The Eastern Quarterly Meeting is held on the last _Seventhday_ in _Secondmonth, Fifthmonth, Eighthmonth_, and _Eleventhmonth_."--_Id._ "Trenton Preparative Meeting is held on the third _Fifthday_ in each month, at ten o'clock; meetings for worship [are held,]

at the same hour, on _Firstdays_ and _Fifthdays_."--_Id._ "Ketch, a vessel with two masts, a _mainmast_ and _a mizzenmast_."--_Webster cor._ "I only mean to suggest a doubt, whether nature has enlisted herself [either] as a _Cis-Atlantic_ or [as a] _Trans-Atlantic_ partisan."--_Jefferson cor._ "By large hammers, like those used for _paper-mills_ and _fulling-mills_, they beat their hemp."--_Johnson cor._ "ANT-HILL, or ANT-HILLOCK, n. A small _protuberance_ of earth, _formed_ by ants, _for_ their _habitation_."-- _Id._ "It became necessary to subst.i.tute simple indicative terms called _p.r.o.names_ or _p.r.o.nouns_."

"Obscur'd, where highest woods, impenetrable To _light of star or sun_, their umbrage spread."--_Milton cor._

RULE V.--THE HYPHEN.

"_Evil-thinking_; a noun, compounded of the noun _evil_ and the imperfect participle _thinking_; singular number;" &c.--_Churchill cor._ "_Evil-speaking_; a noun, compounded of the noun _evil_ and the imperfect participle _speaking_."--_Id._ "I am a tall, _broad-shouldered_, impudent, black fellow."--_Spect_, or _Joh. cor._ "Ingrat.i.tude! thou _marble-hearted_ fiend."--_Shak_. or _Joh. cor._ "A popular _license_ is indeed the _many-headed_ tyranny."--_Sydney_ or _Joh. cor._ "He from the _many-peopled_ city flies."--_Sandys_ or _Joh. cor._ "He _many-languaged_ nations has surveyed."--_Pope_ or _Joh. cor._ "The _horse-cuc.u.mber_ is the large green cuc.u.mber, and the best for the table."--_Mort_. or _Joh. cor._ "The bird of night did sit, even at _noon-day_, upon the market-place."--_Shak_. or _Joh. cor._ "These make a general _gaol-delivery_ of souls not for punishment."--_South_ or _Joh. cor._ "Thy air, thou other _gold-bound_ brow, is like the first."--_Shak_. or _Joh.

cor._ "His person was deformed to the highest degree; _flat-nosed_ and _blobber-lipped_."--_L'Estr._ or _Joh. cor._ "He that defraudeth the labourer of his hire, is a _blood-shedder_."--_Ecclus._, x.x.xiv, 22.

"_b.l.o.o.d.y-minded, adj._, from _b.l.o.o.d.y_ and _mind_; Cruel, inclined to _bloodshed_."--_Johnson cor._ "_Blunt-witted_ lord, ign.o.ble in demeanour."--_Shak_. or _Joh. cor._ "A young fellow, with a _bob-wig_ and a black silken bag tied to it."--_Spect_. or _Joh. cor._ "I have seen enough to confute all the _bold-faced_ atheists of this age."--_Bramhall_ or _Joh.

cor._ "Before _milk-white_, now purple with love's wound."--_Joh. Dict., w.

Bolt_. "For what else is a _red-hot_ iron than fire? and what else is a burning coal than _red-hot_ wood?"--_Newton_ or _Joh. cor._ "_Poll-evil_ is a large swelling, inflammation, or imposthume, in the horse's poll, or nape of the neck, just between the ears."--_Far_. or _Joh. cor._

"Quick-witted, _brazen-fac'd_, with fluent tongues, Patient of labours, and dissembling wrongs."--_Dryden cor._

RULE VI.--NO HYPHEN.

"From his fond parent's eye a _teardrop_ fell."--_Snelling cor._ "How great, poor _jackdaw_, would thy sufferings be!"--_Id._ "Placed, like a _scarecrow_ in a field of corn."--_Id._ "Soup for the almshouse at a cent a quart."--_Id._ "Up into the _watchtower_ get, and see all things despoiled of fallacies."--_Donne_ or _Joh. cor._ "In the _daytime_ she [Fame] sitteth in a _watchtower_, and flieth most by night."--_Bacon_ or _Joh. cor._ "The moral is the first business of the poet, as being the _groundwork_ of his instruction."--_Dryd._ or _Joh. cor._ "Madam's own hand the _mousetrap_ baited."--_Prior_ or _Joh. cor._ "By the sinking of the _airshaft_, the air _has_ liberty to circulate."--_Ray_ or _Joh. cor._ "The multiform and amazing operations of the _airpump_ and the loadstone."--_Watts_ or _Joh.

cor._ "Many of the _firearms_ are named from animals."--_Johnson cor._ "You might have trussed him and all his apparel into an _eelskin_"--_Shak_. or _Joh. cor._ "They may serve as _landmarks_, to show what lies in the direct way of truth."--_Locke_ or _Joh. cor._ "A _packhorse_ is driven constantly in a narrow lane and dirty road."--_Locke_ or _Joh. cor._ "A _millhorse_, still bound to go in one circle."--_Sidney_ or _Joh. cor._ "Of singing birds, they have linnets, _goldfinches_, ruddocks, _Canary birds, blackbirds_, thrushes, and divers others."--_Carew_ or _Joh. cor._ "Cartridge, a case of paper or parchment filled with _gunpowder_; [or, rather, containing the _entire charge_ of a gun]."--_Joh. cor._

"Deep night, dark night, the silent of the night, The time of night when Troy was set on fire, The time when _screechowls_ cry, and _bandogs_ howl."

SHAKSPEARE: _in Johnson's Dict., w. Screechowl_.

PROMISCUOUS CORRECTIONS IN THE FIGURE OF WORDS.

LESSON I.--MIXED EXAMPLES.

"They that live in _gla.s.s houses_, should not throw stones."--_Adage_. "If a man profess Christianity in any manner or form _whatsoever_."--_Watts cor._ "For Ca.s.sius is _aweary_ of the world." Better: "For Ca.s.sius is _weary_ of the world."--_Shak. cor._ "By the _coming-together_ of more, the chains were fastened on."--_W. Walker cor._ "Unto the _carrying-away_ of Jerusalem captive in the fifth month."--_Bible cor._ "And the _goings-forth_ of the border shall be to Zedad."--_Id._ "And the _goings-out_ of it shall be at _Hazar Enan_."--See _Walker's Key_ "For the _taking-place_ of effects, in a certain particular series."--_West cor._ "The _letting-go_ of which was the _occasion_ of all that corruption."--_Owen cor._ "A _falling-off_ at the end, is always injurious."--_Jamieson cor._ "As all _holdings-forth_ were courteously supposed to be trains of reasoning."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "Whose _goings-forth_ have been from of old, from everlasting."--_Bible cor._ "_Sometimes_ the adjective becomes a substantive."--_Bradley cor._ "It is very plain, _that_ I consider man as visited _anew_."--_Barclay cor._ "Nor do I _anywhere say_, as he falsely insinuates."--_Id._ "_Everywhere, anywhere, elsewhere, somewhere, nowhere_"--_L. Murray's Gram._, Vol. i, p.

115. "The world hurries off apace, and time is like a rapid river."--_Collier cor._ "But to _new-model_ the paradoxes of ancient skepticism."--_Dr. Brown cor._ "The _southeast_ winds from the ocean invariably produce rain."--_Webster cor._ "_Northwest_ winds from the _highlands_ produce cold clear weather."--_Id._ "The greatest part of such tables would be of little use to _Englishmen_."--_Priestley cor._ "The _ground-floor_ of the east wing of _Mulberry-street_ meeting-house was filled."--_The Friend cor._ "Prince Rupert's Drop. This singular production is made at the _gla.s.shouses_."--_Barnes cor._

"The lights and shades, whose _well-accorded_ strife Gives all the strength and colour of our life."--_Pope_.

LESSON II.--MIXED EXAMPLES.