The Butterfly Book Part 37

_Early Stages._--Unknown.

The specimen came from New Mexico.

(3) =Lemonias cythera=, Edwards, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 4, ?, _under side_; Fig. 5, ? (Cythera).

_b.u.t.terfly._--Distinguished from _L. mormo_ by the red submarginal band on the secondaries on the upper side, the greater prevalence of red on the primaries, and by the tendency of the spots on the under side of the secondaries, just after the costa, to fuse and form an elongate pearly-white ray. The submarginal spots on the lower side of the fore wings are smaller than in _mormo_. The s.e.xes do not differ except in size. Expanse, 1.00-1.30 inch.

_Early Stages._--Unknown.

_Cythera_ is found in Arizona and Mexico.

(4) =Lemonias virgulti=, Behr, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 6, ? (Behr's Metal-mark).

_b.u.t.terfly._--Much like the preceding species on the upper side of the wings, but darker. The hind wings on the under side are much darker than in _L. cythera_, and the pearly-white spots relatively smaller, standing out very distinctly on this darker ground. Expanse, .90-1.10 inch.

_Early Stages._--Undescribed.

_Virgulti_ is common in southern California and Mexico.

(5) =Lemonias nais=, Edwards, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 8, ?; Fig. 9, ?

(Nais).

_b.u.t.terfly._--The ground-color of the upper side is bright red, clouded with fuscous on the base of the hind wings and bordered with the same color. There is a small precostal white spot on the primaries near the apex. The wings are profusely marked with small black spots arranged in transverse series and bands. The fringes are checkered with white. On the under side the wings are pale reddish, mottled with buff on the secondaries. The black spots and markings of the upper side reappear on the under side and stand out boldly on the lighter ground-color.

Expanse, 1.00-1.25 inch.

_Early Stages._--These are beautifully delineated in "The b.u.t.terflies of North America," vol. ii. The egg is pale green, turban-shaped, covered with hexagonal reticulations. The caterpillar is rather stout and short, the first segment projecting over the head. The body is somewhat flattened and tapering behind, covered with tufts of hairs projecting outward and downward on all sides, only the two rows of short tufts on the back sending their hairs upward. The color is mouse-gray, striped longitudinally on the back with yellowish-white, the tufts more or less ringed about at their base with circles of the same color. The chrysalis is blackish-brown, attached at the a.n.a.l end, held in place by a girdle, but not closely appressed to the surface on which pupation has taken place, and thickly studded with small projecting hairs. The larva lives on the wild plum.

_Nais_ occurs from Colorado to Mexico east of the Rocky Mountains.

(6) =Lemonias palmeri=, Edwards, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 11, ? (Palmer's Metal-mark).

_b.u.t.terfly._--Smaller than any of the preceding species. The ground-color of the wings is mouse-gray, spotted with white; on the under side the wings are whitish-gray, laved with pale red at the base of the fore wings. The white spots of the upper side reappear on the under side. Expanse, .75-.95 inch.

_Early Stages._--These are, so far as they have been worked out by Edwards, quite similar in many respects to those of the preceding species.

The range of the species is from Utah southward to Mexico.

(7) =Lemonias zela=, Butler, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 17, ?; Fig. 18, ?

(Zela).

_b.u.t.terfly._--The upper side of both s.e.xes is delineated in the plate.

On the under side the wings are pale red, marked with a few black spots, representing on the under side the markings of the upper side. Of these, the spots of the median and submarginal bands are most conspicuous.

Expanse, 1.00-1.35 inch.

(_a_) =Lemonias zela=, Butler, var. =cleis=, Edwards, Plate XXVIII, Fig.

19, ?; Fig. 20, ? (Cleis).

The pale variety, _cleis_, is sufficiently well represented in our plate to need no description. On the under side it is like _L. zela_.

The species occurs in Arizona and Mexico.

Genus CALEPHELIS, Grote and Robinson

[Ill.u.s.tration FIG. 127.--Neuration of the genus _Calephelis_.]

_b.u.t.terfly._--Very small, brown or reddish in color, with metallic spots upon the wings. Head small; eyes naked; antennae relatively long, slender, with a bluntly rounded club. Palpi very short; the third joint small, pointed. The accompanying cut shows the neuration.

_Early Stages._--Entirely unknown.

(1) =Calephelis caenius=, Linnaeus, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 16, ? (The Little Metal-mark).

_b.u.t.terfly._--Very small, reddish-brown on the upper side, brighter red on the under side. On both the upper and under sides the wings are profusely spotted with small steely-blue metallic markings, arranged in more or less regular transverse series, especially on the outer margin.

Expanse, .75 inch.

_Early Stages._--The life-history is unknown.

_Caenius_ is common in Florida, and ranges thence northward to Virginia and westward to Texas.

(2) =Calephelis borealis=, Grote and Robinson, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 12, ?, _under side_; Fig. 13, ? (The Northern Metal-mark).

_b.u.t.terfly._--Fully twice as large as the preceding species. The wings on the upper side are sooty-brown, spotted with black, and marked by a marginal and submarginal series of small metallic spots. On the under side the wings are light red, spotted with a mult.i.tude of small black spots arranged in regular series. The two rows of metallic spots near the margins are repeated more distinctly on this side. Expanse, 1.15 inch.

_Early Stages._--Unknown.

This rare insect has been taken from New York to Virginia, and as far west as Michigan and Illinois. The only specimen I have ever seen in life I took at the White Sulphur Springs in West Virginia. It settled on the under side of a twig of black birch, with expanded wings, just over my head, and by a lucky stroke of the net I swept it in.

(3) =Calephelis australis=, Edwards, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 14, ? (The Southern Metal-mark).

_b.u.t.terfly._--The wings in the male s.e.x are more pointed at the apex than in the preceding species, and in both s.e.xes are smaller in expanse.

The color of the upper side of the wings is dusky, on the under side pale yellowish-red. On both sides the wings are obscurely marked with dark spots arranged in transverse series. The marginal and submarginal metallic bands of spots are as in the preceding species. Expanse, 1.00 inch.

_Early Stages._--Unknown.

_Australis_ ranges from Texas and Arizona into Mexico.

(4) =Calephelis nemesis=, Edwards, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 15, ? (The Dusky Metal-mark).

_b.u.t.terfly._--Very small,--as small as _coenius_,--but with the fore wings at the apex decidedly pointed in the male s.e.x. The wings are dusky-brown above, lighter obscure reddish below. Both the primaries and the secondaries on the upper side are crossed by a dark median band, broader on the primaries at the costa. The metallic markings are quite small and indistinct. Expanse, .85 inch.

_Early Stages._--Unknown.

_Nemesis_ occurs in Arizona and southern California.

UNCLE JOTHAM'S BOARDER

"I've kep' summer boarders for years, and allowed I knowed all the sorts that there be; But there come an old feller this season along, That turned out a beater for me.

Whatever that feller was arter, I vow I hain't got the slightest idee.