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I thought Mr. Adie could pay as much as any other man for fish, but he would not do it; and I could not take my fish out of the boat and sell them to another man when all the other men were selling their fish to Mr. Adie. It would not have looked right.12,804. Who was the other merchant?-Mr. John Hughson, Yell.He was offering 3d. per cwt. more, and yet we could not give him our fish.12,805. Did you try to take your fish away to him?-I did not try.I would have liked to have done it, but the fish had been weighed before I could get my share, and it would not have looked well to have taken them away.
12,806. Did you speak about that at the time?-Yes, I spoke about it to Mr. Umphray, Mr. Adie's factor, and he said we must give our fish to him, as we were bound to do so.12,807. Have you ever been at Faroe or Greenland?-I have been fishing to Mr. Adie at Skerries all along.12,808. Were you employed as a beach boy there at one time?- Yes, for two years. That was five years ago. The regular fee then was 3 for three-fourths of the year, and 4 for a splitter.12,809. When you were engaged as a beach boy, did you get most of your payment in supplies?-Yes.12,810. You were settled with at the end of the year?-Yes; and I was buying their goods at the same time.12,811. How much of your fee did you get at the end of the year?-I got 1 the first year. My father did as much for me as he could, so that I did not require to buy meal from him. I got about 1 at the end of the second year also.12,812. When you were a beach boy, could you not get your cash in hand if you asked for it in advance in the course of the year?-I know we might have got 1s. or 2s. to serve a particular purpose, but no more.12,813. Were you expected to take it out in supplies?-Yes.12,814. If you had asked it by the week, would you have got it?- No; they said they would not give it until the end of the season, and it was fixed then according to the amount of fish that had been taken.12,815. Was not your beach fee a uniform sum, whatever kind of fishing there was?-No; there was a sum fixed at the beginning of the year, and then at the end of the season they gave us what they liked.12,816. Is that the practice still?-Yes.12,817. If it is a good fishing, the beach fee is fixed higher?-Yes.12,818. And you think it is always higher in proportion to the success of the fishing?-Yes; and according to the number of years you have been at the work.12,819. How many beach boys and men are employed at Mr.Adie's station in Skerries?-There are usually about six boys and two splitters. In some years there are eight, and I have seen as few as three and four. They settle with us at Skerries, in Mr. Adie's house there, not in the shop. They brought the books over from Voe.12,820. When you were settled with at the end of the year, were you asked if you wanted anything?-No.12,821. You were paid the money?-Yes, whatever I had to get. If I was due 1 or 10, there was 1s. per pound of interest charged against me, and that was done with every one in Skerries. I knew a man who was due 14 last year, and he had to pay 14s., but he cleared himself this year. If a man's debt is above 40, that is 2 a year he has to pay, and they never can get out of debt.12,822. Are there many men who are due above 40, and who never get out of debt?-As far as I can learn, there is one.12,823. How do you know that he never will get out of debt?- Unless better times come, I don't know how he can. He will not be able to do it with the present fishings.12,824. Has he been long in debt in that way?-I believe he has been for a good while. Sometimes the debt may be 1 more or 1 less but the interest is always charged.12,825. Have you sometimes had a balance to get at the end of the year?-Yes; sometimes I may have had 5 or 6 to get, and sometimes nothing.12,826. When you have a balance of that kind to get, does Mr.Umphray never ask you if you want any goods?-He never says anything. We just please ourselves. I would never take anything from the shop at Skerries if I could get it in Lerwick, because everything is overpriced there. For instance, there is soap and soda. You cannot get a bit of soap there under 6d. a lb., and soda is 11/2d., while here it is 1d. Everything I could mention is dearer there than here. Sugar is 5d. and 6d. there, and I know that in Lerwick we can get as good for 5d. as we get there for 6d. If we were paid money every time we come on sh.o.r.e with our fish, or every time we want it, we would be able to get our things very much cheaper from other places.12,827. Are you sure the sugar which you pay 6d. for in Skerries is not better than you would get for 5d. here?-I don't think it is.We pay 7d. for hard sugar there, and we can get the same kind for 6d. here.12,828. Would you not have a long way to go from Skerries in order to get your goods cheaper, even although you had your money in your hands?-There is a packet going to Whalsay every week, and goods are almost as cheap there as in Lerwick. They are far cheaper than in Skerries, and it is the same freight to Whalsay.12,829. I suppose it is not very easy to get goods carried to Skerries?-Unless from Whalsay it is not very easy. We can get them quarterly; but we could get them every week by the packet to Whalsay, by sending a letter to Lerwick, and then we could get them brought to Skerries when we had a chance.12,830. Does Mr. Robertson's packet only go in the summer season?-Yes; but the Commissioners' mail packet comes every week to Whalsay, and any of us could go over there and bring whatever small thing we wanted.[Page 318]BODDAM, DUNROSSNESS, FRIDAY, JANUARY 26, 1872 ROBERT HENDERSON, examined.12,831. You are the son of Mr. Gavin Henderson, who is a merchant at Scousburgh, Dunrossness?-I am.12,832. You have charge of his business now?-Yes, mostly.12,833. Are you in partnership with him?-No.12,834. You are his manager?-Yes.12,835. Of what does your stock consist?-It is most impossible to say. It consists of drapery goods, groceries, ironmongery, coal, and I don't know what more.12,836. Do you buy some hosiery?-A little; and we buy eggs as well.12,837. I believe you have about the largest business in the neighbourhood?-We do a reasonable business.12,838. You are not engaged in the fishing in any way?-We buy fish, but we have no boats of our own.12,839. From whom do you buy fish?-From any parties who present them to us. We buy scarcely any in summer. It is mostly in winter that we get them, because in the summer months the boats are all engaged to certain fish-merchants, and the men sell their fish to them or to the proprietors.12,840. Is it generally the proprietors who have the fishing in their own hands?-Some of them have, and some have not. Mr. Bruce of Simbister does not have the fishing in his hands; the others have.12,841. To whom do Mr. Bruce of Simbister's tenants generally fish?-His tenants on the west side, those round us, fish for Mr.John Robertson, jun., Lerwick, and for Mr. Robert Mullay, Lerwick.12,842. How many boats has Mr. Mullay?-I don't know exactly; perhaps seven or eight. He has a station at Ireland, and Mr.Robertson, jun. has one at Spiggie. They have no shops there.They have only the stations hired from Mr. Bruce. Those of Mr.Bruce's tenants who fish from Spiggie are bound to fish for Mr.Robertson during the summer months, and those who fish from Ireland at that time are bound to fish for Mr. Mullay.12,843. Do you understand that these tenants are bound to fish for these merchants?-Yes.
12,806. Did you speak about that at the time?-Yes, I spoke about it to Mr. Umphray, Mr. Adie's factor, and he said we must give our fish to him, as we were bound to do so.12,807. Have you ever been at Faroe or Greenland?-I have been fishing to Mr. Adie at Skerries all along.12,808. Were you employed as a beach boy there at one time?- Yes, for two years. That was five years ago. The regular fee then was 3 for three-fourths of the year, and 4 for a splitter.12,809. When you were engaged as a beach boy, did you get most of your payment in supplies?-Yes.12,810. You were settled with at the end of the year?-Yes; and I was buying their goods at the same time.12,811. How much of your fee did you get at the end of the year?-I got 1 the first year. My father did as much for me as he could, so that I did not require to buy meal from him. I got about 1 at the end of the second year also.12,812. When you were a beach boy, could you not get your cash in hand if you asked for it in advance in the course of the year?-I know we might have got 1s. or 2s. to serve a particular purpose, but no more.12,813. Were you expected to take it out in supplies?-Yes.12,814. If you had asked it by the week, would you have got it?- No; they said they would not give it until the end of the season, and it was fixed then according to the amount of fish that had been taken.12,815. Was not your beach fee a uniform sum, whatever kind of fishing there was?-No; there was a sum fixed at the beginning of the year, and then at the end of the season they gave us what they liked.12,816. Is that the practice still?-Yes.12,817. If it is a good fishing, the beach fee is fixed higher?-Yes.12,818. And you think it is always higher in proportion to the success of the fishing?-Yes; and according to the number of years you have been at the work.12,819. How many beach boys and men are employed at Mr.Adie's station in Skerries?-There are usually about six boys and two splitters. In some years there are eight, and I have seen as few as three and four. They settle with us at Skerries, in Mr. Adie's house there, not in the shop. They brought the books over from Voe.12,820. When you were settled with at the end of the year, were you asked if you wanted anything?-No.12,821. You were paid the money?-Yes, whatever I had to get. If I was due 1 or 10, there was 1s. per pound of interest charged against me, and that was done with every one in Skerries. I knew a man who was due 14 last year, and he had to pay 14s., but he cleared himself this year. If a man's debt is above 40, that is 2 a year he has to pay, and they never can get out of debt.12,822. Are there many men who are due above 40, and who never get out of debt?-As far as I can learn, there is one.12,823. How do you know that he never will get out of debt?- Unless better times come, I don't know how he can. He will not be able to do it with the present fishings.12,824. Has he been long in debt in that way?-I believe he has been for a good while. Sometimes the debt may be 1 more or 1 less but the interest is always charged.12,825. Have you sometimes had a balance to get at the end of the year?-Yes; sometimes I may have had 5 or 6 to get, and sometimes nothing.12,826. When you have a balance of that kind to get, does Mr.Umphray never ask you if you want any goods?-He never says anything. We just please ourselves. I would never take anything from the shop at Skerries if I could get it in Lerwick, because everything is overpriced there. For instance, there is soap and soda. You cannot get a bit of soap there under 6d. a lb., and soda is 11/2d., while here it is 1d. Everything I could mention is dearer there than here. Sugar is 5d. and 6d. there, and I know that in Lerwick we can get as good for 5d. as we get there for 6d. If we were paid money every time we come on sh.o.r.e with our fish, or every time we want it, we would be able to get our things very much cheaper from other places.12,827. Are you sure the sugar which you pay 6d. for in Skerries is not better than you would get for 5d. here?-I don't think it is.We pay 7d. for hard sugar there, and we can get the same kind for 6d. here.12,828. Would you not have a long way to go from Skerries in order to get your goods cheaper, even although you had your money in your hands?-There is a packet going to Whalsay every week, and goods are almost as cheap there as in Lerwick. They are far cheaper than in Skerries, and it is the same freight to Whalsay.12,829. I suppose it is not very easy to get goods carried to Skerries?-Unless from Whalsay it is not very easy. We can get them quarterly; but we could get them every week by the packet to Whalsay, by sending a letter to Lerwick, and then we could get them brought to Skerries when we had a chance.12,830. Does Mr. Robertson's packet only go in the summer season?-Yes; but the Commissioners' mail packet comes every week to Whalsay, and any of us could go over there and bring whatever small thing we wanted.[Page 318]BODDAM, DUNROSSNESS, FRIDAY, JANUARY 26, 1872 ROBERT HENDERSON, examined.12,831. You are the son of Mr. Gavin Henderson, who is a merchant at Scousburgh, Dunrossness?-I am.12,832. You have charge of his business now?-Yes, mostly.12,833. Are you in partnership with him?-No.12,834. You are his manager?-Yes.12,835. Of what does your stock consist?-It is most impossible to say. It consists of drapery goods, groceries, ironmongery, coal, and I don't know what more.12,836. Do you buy some hosiery?-A little; and we buy eggs as well.12,837. I believe you have about the largest business in the neighbourhood?-We do a reasonable business.12,838. You are not engaged in the fishing in any way?-We buy fish, but we have no boats of our own.12,839. From whom do you buy fish?-From any parties who present them to us. We buy scarcely any in summer. It is mostly in winter that we get them, because in the summer months the boats are all engaged to certain fish-merchants, and the men sell their fish to them or to the proprietors.12,840. Is it generally the proprietors who have the fishing in their own hands?-Some of them have, and some have not. Mr. Bruce of Simbister does not have the fishing in his hands; the others have.12,841. To whom do Mr. Bruce of Simbister's tenants generally fish?-His tenants on the west side, those round us, fish for Mr.John Robertson, jun., Lerwick, and for Mr. Robert Mullay, Lerwick.12,842. How many boats has Mr. Mullay?-I don't know exactly; perhaps seven or eight. He has a station at Ireland, and Mr.Robertson, jun. has one at Spiggie. They have no shops there.They have only the stations hired from Mr. Bruce. Those of Mr.Bruce's tenants who fish from Spiggie are bound to fish for Mr.Robertson during the summer months, and those who fish from Ireland at that time are bound to fish for Mr. Mullay.12,843. Do you understand that these tenants are bound to fish for these merchants?-Yes.
