Scandinavian influence on Southern Lowland Scotch Part 6

"No wound nor wapyn mycht hym anis effeir, forgane the speris so butuus blomyt he." Small translates "show himself boastfully." The word _blomi_ in O.N. used metaphorically means "prosperity, success."

BLOUT, BLOWT, _adj._ bare, naked, also forsaken. Douglas, III, 76, 11; IV, 76, 6. O.N. _blautr_, Norse _blaut_, see Cl. and V.

The corresponding vowel in O.E. is _ea_: _bleat_. The O.N.

as well as the N.N. word means "soft." The O.E. word means "wretched." In Sco. _blout_ has coincided in meaning with _blait_. The Dan. word _blot_ is, on account of its form, out of the question.

BODIN, _adj._ ready, provided. Douglas, III, 22, 24; Dunbar, 118, 36; Wyntoun, VII, 9, 213. From _boinn_, _boja_ (E.D.D.).

BOLAX, _sb._ hatchet. Jamieson. O.N. _bolox_, a poleaxe, Norse _boloks_, O. Sw. _boloxe_, _bolyxe_, O. Dan. _bulox_, Dano- Norse _bulaks_. Ormulum _bulaxe_ (see further Brate).

BOLE, _sb._ the trunk of a tree. Isaiah, 44, 19. O.N. _bolr_, the trunk of a tree, Norse _bol_, _bul_, O. Sw. _bol, bul_, Sw.

dial. _bol_ id.

BOLDIN, _vb._ to swell. Douglas, II, 52; I, II, 130, 25. Norse _bolna_, older _bolgna_, Dan. _bolne_, M.E. _bollen_ (also _bolnin_). The Sco. word has developed an excrescent _d_ after _l_. In Lindsay, 127, 3885, _boildin_, adj. pp. swollen.

BOLLE, _sb._ a measure. Bruce, III, 221; Wyntoun, VII, 10, 519, 521, 523. O.N. _bolli_, a vessel, _blotbolli_, a measure, Sw.

_bulle_. Rather than from O.E. _bolla_ (Eng. _bowl_).

BOUN, _adj._ bent upon, seems to have almost the idea of "compelled to." Gol. and Gaw. 813. O.N. _buinn_. See Wall under _bound_, and Cl. and V. under _bua_ B. II.

BOUNE, _vb._ to prepare, to prepare to go, to go. Houlate, I, 23; Poet. R. 107, I; Gol. and Gaw. 59, 13, 40. See _bown_.

BOWDYN, _pp. adj._ swollen. Dunbar T.M.W. 41, 345; Montg. F. 529.

See _boldin_.

BOWK, _sb._ trunk of the body, body. Dunbar, 248, 25; Rolland, II, 343. O.N. _bukr_, the trunk, the body, Norse _buk_, Dan.

_bug_, O. Sw. _buker_. Specific Scand. usage. O.E. _buc_, like O.F. _buk_ and Germ. _bauch_, meant "belly."

BOW, _sb._ a fold for cows. Douglas, III, 11, 4. O.N. _bol_, a place where cows are penned, also den, lair or lying-place of beasts. Norse _bol_, Shetland _bol_, _bl_, a fold for cattle.

In Psalms XVII, 12, _bole_ occurs in the sense of "a lion's den."

BOWN, _adj._ ready, prepared. L.L. 1036. O.N. _buinn_. Not Eng., but a loanword from O.N., and as Kluge P.G.(2)I, 939, has pointed out shows also Norse influence in the Midland dial.

BOWNE, _vb._ to swell. Irving, 230. O.N. _bolgna_ to swell, Norse _bolna_, Dan. _bolne_. Shows characteristic Sco. change of _l_ to _w_. In _boudin_, Irving, 467, an excrescent _d_ has developed before the _l_ became _u_ (_w_). Wallace, VI, 756, _bolnyt_, swelled. So in Wyntoun, IX, 17, 5. _Boldnit_ with excrescent _d_ occurs in Douglas, II, 84, 16.

BRA, BRAE, BRAY (bre), a slope, declivity. O.N. _bra_, see Bradley's Stratmann. Cp. _Jostedalsbra_ in Western Norway.

BRAID (bred), _sb._ a sudden movement, an a.s.sault (Small).

Douglas, III, 251, 2. O.N. _brag_, a sudden motion, a quick movement, tricks or sleights in wrestling. O. Sw. _bragh_, a sudden motion. Norse, Sw. _bragd_, manner of execution, exploit. The fundamental idea in the Sco. and the O. Nh. word is sudden movement. The O.E. _braegd_ meant deceit, fraud.

BRAITH, _adj._ hasty, violent. Wallace, X, 242. O.N. _brar_, sudden, hasty, O. Dan. _braadh_, Norse _braad_. Cp. _braahast_ (E. Norse), great hurry, O. Sw. _brader_, _brodher_, hasty, violent, Orm. _bra_, angry. _Brothfall_ (Orm), a fit, _broth_ (Eng. dial.), in Skeat's list. _Braithful_, violent, sharp.

BRAITHLY, _adv._ violently, suddenly. O.N. _braliga_, hastily. Cp.

E. Norse _braaleg_ adj., and M. Dan. _bradelig_. O.N.

_braorr_ means "hasty of speech."

BROKIT, BRUKIT, _adj._ streaked, spotted. Burns, 569. O. Sw.

_brokoter_, Norse _brokut_, Dan. _broget_, variegated, striped. Cp. _dannebrog_, the Danish flag. Same as Cu.

_breukt_. Probably the same with Shetland _brogi_, in "a brogi sky," cloudy. May possibly be Eng. Exists in M.L.G.

BROD, _sb._ a sharp point. Wyntoun, VI, 14, 70. O.N. _broddr_, Norse, Sw. _brodd_, Orm. _brodd_. (See Brate.)

BROD, _vb._ to p.r.i.c.k, spur on, incite. C.S. 123; Douglas, III, 3, 20; Dunbar T.M.W. 330. O.N. _brodda_, to p.r.i.c.k, to urge. Dan.

_brodde_ means "to equip with points," a vb. later developed out of the sb.

BRONT, _sb._ force, rush, shock. Douglas, I, 90, 20; II, 161, 28.

"At the first bront we swept by." See Skeat _brunt_.

BUD, _sb._ a bribe, an offer. Lyndsay, 436, 1616; Dunbar T.M.W. 142.

O.N. _bod_, an offer, Norse _bod_, Sw. _bud_, Dan. dial.

_bud_, an offer at an auction. Cp. O.E. _fribote_, a peace- offering, O.N. _fri_ + _bo_.

BUGHT, _sb._ a corner or stall where cows are milked. Ramsay, II, 539. O.N. _bugt_, a bowing, a bight, Norse _bugt_, Dan.

_bugt_.

BULLER, _vb._ to trickle, bubble. Winyet, II, 62. O.N. _buldra_, Norse _bulrdra_. See E.D.D. cp. Sw. _bullra_, to make an indistinct noise. O. Fr. _bulder_, L.G. _bullern_ (see Koolman), Germ. _poltern_ all have more the idea of loud noise, clamor, as the Norse word sometimes has. Lyndsay, 226, 95, uses the word in this sense. It may be genuine Eng.

BUSK, _vb._ to prepare, dress, adorn, ornament. O.N. _buask_ from _bua sik_, to make ready, to ornament. See Wall. Exhibits W. Scand. reflexive ending _sk_. The Gael. _busgainnich_, to dress, to adorn, is a loanword from O.N.

BUSKIE, _adj._ fond of dress, Jamieson, _busk_ sb. dress, decoration. See _busk_ vb.

BUITH (u), _sb._ booth, shop. Winyet, 1, 23, 2. O.N. _bu_, shop, O. Dan. _both, bodh_. O. Sw. _bo_, Norse _bud_, Sw. _bod_, Dan. dial. _bod_. M.E. _boe_, cp. M.L.G. _bode_.

BYNG, _vb._ to heap up. Douglas, III, 144, 5. See _bing_ sb.

BYRD, _vb._ impers., it behoved. Bruce, VI, 316. O.N. _byrja_, to behove, beseem, pret. _buri_, Norse _byrja_ id., pret.

_burde_, O. Dan. _borae_, Sw. _bora_.

BYSNING, _adj._ strange, monstrous, terrible, Douglas, I, 29, 7; I, 37, 5; II, 70, 17. M.E. _biseninge_, ill-boding, monstrous, from O.N. _bsna_, to portend, Norse _bisna_, to marvel over.

BYSNING, _sb._ a strange person, an unusually unfortunate person.

Douglas, I, 2544; I, 339. O.N. _bsna_, to portend, _bsn_, a strange and portentous thing. Norse _bysn_, a prodigy, _bysning_, curiosity. See the adj. Cp. Shetland _soni-bosni_, O.N. _sjonar-bsn_, a marvel.

CADYE, _adj._ wanton. Lyndsay, Lx.x.xVII, 2567. Also written _cady_, _caidgy_, _caigie_; sometimes means "sportive, cheerful." Dan.

_kaad_, merry, l.u.s.ty, l.u.s.tful. So Sw. _kt_, O.N. _katr_, merry, cheerful, Norse _kaat_. Cp. Philotus 5, "the carle caiges," where the same word is used as a vb. to wanton, be wanton.

CALLER, _adj._ cool. Fergusson, 73. Very common in modern Sco.

diall. O.N. _kaldr_, Norse _kall_, cold. Seems to be a case of the Norse inflexional _r_ not disappearing in Sco.

CANGLER, a wrangler. Ramsay, II, 482. Norse _kengla_, _kaeingla_, _kjaeingla_, to quarrel. A Sco. vb. _cangle_, to quarrel, also exists. Cp. O.N. _kangin-yri_, jeering words, Yorkshire _caingy_, cross, ill-tempered.

CAPPIT, _vb. pret._ strove. Douglas, II, 154, 21. O.N. _kapp_, contest, zeal, _deila kappi vi_, strive with. Norse _kapp_ id. _kappa_, reflexive, to race. Dan. _kamp_, O.E. _camp_, _cempam_. The Sco. word exhibits W. Scand. a.s.similation of _mp_ to _pp_, the form _kapp_, however, also existed in O. Sw.

and exists in N.Dan. In Cu. a _capper_ is one who excels. This is probably the same word. See, however, E.D.

CAREING (ker), _pr. p._ driving, from _care_, _caire_, to drive.

Douglas, III, 166, 10; Wallace, IX, 1240. O.N. _koyra_, O. Ic.

_keyra_, Norse _kyra_, to drive, ride, O. Ic. _keyrsla_, a driving, Norse _kjrsel_, id. Cp. Shetland _care_, id.

Monophthongation in O. Sw. _kora_, Dan. _kore_.