Introduction to the History of Religions Part 44

[565] Matthews, _Navaho Legends_, index, s.v. _Mountains_; article "Bengal" in Hastings, _Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics_; Tylor, _Primitive Culture_, ii, 260; Hollis, _The Nandi_, p. 48.

[566] Hopkins, _Religions of India_, pp. 358 ff., 537, and _Journal of the American Oriental Society_, September, 1910.

[567] On a general relation between G.o.ds and local hills see Rivers, _The Todas_, p. 444.

[568] Jastrow, _Religion of Babylonia and a.s.syria_, pp. 541, 638; cf. Isa. xiv, 13. Many Babylonian temples, considered as abodes of G.o.ds, were called "mountains."

[569] Hopkins, in _Journal of the American Oriental Society_, loc. cit., where the mythical mountains of the Mahabharata are described.

[570] _Iliad_ viii, 2 al.

[571] Bastian, "Vorstellungen von Wa.s.ser und Feuer," in _Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie_, i; Tylor, _Primitive Culture_, 2d ed., ii, 209 ff., 274 ff.; W. R. Smith, _Religion of the Semites_, lecture v.

[572] Polybius, vii, 9.

[573] Num. v.

[574] Job vii, 12.

[575] Herodotus, vi, 76.

[576] _Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society_, x, 179; Bell, _Maldive Islands_, p. 73.

[577] In t.i.tus iii, 5, the reference seems to be to baptism.

[578] De Groot, _Religion of the Chinese_, p. 10 f.; cf. the German Lorelei.

[579] Frazer (in _Anthropological Essays presented to E. B.

Tylor_) sees a river-G.o.d in the figure mentioned in Gen.

x.x.xii, 24.

[580] Cf. John v, 4 (in some MSS.).

[581] This is W. R. Smith's contention in _Religion of the Semites_, lecture v. See his account of Semitic water-G.o.ds in general.

[582] Turner, _Samoa_, p. 345 f. Cf. the Roman lapis ma.n.a.lis; see above, -- 136.

[583] A large number of examples are given by Frazer in his _Golden Bough_, 2d ed., i, 81 f., al.

[584] Brinton, _Myths of the New World_, p. 17; Spencer and Gillen, _Native Tribes of Central Australia_, p. 189 f.

[585] One signification (not a probable one) proposed for the name Yahweh is, 'he who causes (rain) to fall.'

[586] Examples of such G.o.ds, in Africa, America, and Asia, are given in Tylor's _Primitive Culture_, ii, 259 ff.

[587] Hopkins, _Religions of India_, p. 99 ff.

[588] So in the _Secrets of Enoch_ (ed. R. H. Charles), chaps. iv-vi, the treasuries of rain and dew in the lowest heaven are guarded by angels.

[589] Jastrow, _Religion of Babylonia and a.s.syria_, Index, s.vv.

[590] Matthews, _Navaho Legends_, p. 37; Dorsey, _The Skidi p.a.w.nee_, p. 8; Teit, _Thompson River Indians_, p. 56 f.; R.

Taylor, _New Zealand and its Inhabitants_, p. 130; Hopkins, _Religions of India_, p. 168, n. 1; Roscher, _Lexikon_, article "Prometheus." Accounts of the original production or the theft of fire are found in savage mythology the world over; see Frobenius, _Childhood of Man_, chaps. xxv-xxvii; Seligmann, _The Melanesians of British New Guinea_, p. 379; Tylor, _Primitive Culture_, ii, 277 ff.; O. T. Mason, _Origins of Invention_, chap. iii.

[591] So among the Todas (Rivers, _The Todas_, p. 437) and the Nandi (Hollis, _The Nandi_, p. 85).

[592] On an identification of Agni with fire see Bloomfield, _Religion of the Veda_, p. 158 ff.

[593] See Chap. VI.

[594] Shahrastani (12th century), _Kitab al-Milal wa'l-Nihal_, a sketch of religions and philosophical sects, Moslem and other (Germ. tr. by Haarbrucker, p. 298 f.).

[595] Hopkins observes (_Religions of India_, p. 105) that originally fire (Agni), in distinction from sun and lightning, is the fire of sacrifice. Cf. Bloomfield, _Religion of the Veda_, p. 157.

[596] Rivers, _The Todas_, p. 437; cf. the ceremony described on page 290 f.

[597] A. M. Tozzer, _Comparative Study of the Mayas and the Lacandones_, p. 133.

[598] Prescott, _Peru_, i, 106 f.

[599] Plutarch, _Aristides_, 20.

[600] The Hebrew expression, rendered in the English version "cause to pa.s.s through fire," means simply 'devote by fire.'

[601] Ex. xix, 18; Ezek. i, 4; Ps. xviii, 9 [604]; _Rig-Veda_, iii, 26, 7 (Indra).

[602] Rivers, _The Todas_, p. 437. In Gen. i, 3, light appears before the creation of the heavenly bodies.

[603] So in Carinthia, the Tyrol, and neighboring districts (Wuttke, _Der deutsche Volksaberglaube der Gegenwart_, p.

86).

[604] Dorsey, _The Skidi p.a.w.nee_, p. xix.

[605] See below, -- 662, etc.

[606] Ps. xviii, 11 [10]; civ, 3 f.

[607] _Iliad_, xxiii, 194 ff.

[608] Spencer and Gillen, _Native Tribes of Central Australia_, chap. xviii; Rivers, _The Todas_, p. 595.

[609] W. Matthews, _Navaho Legends_, pp. 80, 223.

[610] Breasted, _History of Egypt_, p. 55; Taylor, _New Zealand_, p. 119; Hollis, _The Masai_, p. 279; cf. Turner, _Samoa_, p. 283.

[611] Teit, _Thompson River Indians_, p. 55 (the present sun is the daughter of a man sun).

[612] See examples in Tylor's _Primitive Culture_, i, 290 ff.