How to Observe in Archaeology Part 4

MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOLOGY. Curator, Baron A. von Hugel.

FITZWILLIAM MUSEUM. Director, S. C. c.o.c.kerell, M.A.

OXFORD.

ASHMOLEAN MUSEUM. Keeper, D. G. Hogarth, C.M.G., F.B.A.

ATHENS.

BRITISH SCHOOL. Director, A. J. B. Wace.

JERUSALEM.

BRITISH SCHOOL. Director, Prof. J. Garstang.

ROME.

BRITISH SCHOOL, Valle Giulia. Director, Thomas Ashby, D.Litt.

THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL JOINT COMMITTEE

Society or other Body. Representatives.

British Academy Sir F. G. Kenyon, K.C.B.

(Chairman of Committee).

Prof. Percy Gardner.

Sir W. M. Ramsay.

Royal Anthropological Inst.i.tute Sir Everard Im Thurn.

Prof. Arthur Keith.

Society of Antiquaries Sir Arthur Evans.

Sir Hercules Read.

Royal Inst.i.tute of British Architects Prof. W. R. Lethaby.

Prof. A. G. d.i.c.kie.

Royal Asiatic Society F. Legge.

R. Sewell.

British School at Athens J. P. Droop.

Byzantine Research Fund Sir Hercules Read.

Egypt Exploration Society Sir F. G. Kenyon, K.C.B.

Dr. Alan Gardiner.

Egyptian Research Account Prof. Flinders Petrie.

Prof. Ernest Gardner.

Society for the Promotion A. H. Smith.

of h.e.l.lenic Studies G. F. Hill (Hon. Sec. of Committee).

British School at Jerusalem Prof. Flinders Petrie.

D. G. Hogarth, C.M.G.

Royal Numismatic Society Prof. C. Oman, M.P.

G. F. Hill.

Palestine Exploration Fund Dr. G. Buchanan Gray.

Prof. A. G. d.i.c.kie

Society for the Promotion of Miss Gertrude Bell.

Roman Studies O. M. Dalton.

British Museum Sir F. G. Kenyon, K.C.B.

Victoria and Albert Museum Sir Cecil Harcourt Smith, C.V.O.

PART II

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

The aim of the special sections contained in Chapters III-VIII is to describe, not the objects usually to be seen in Museums, but only such things as will be found lying out on mounds and sites, and as are more or less distinctive of a period. Thus certain comparatively trivial objects are named, because they are peculiar to a period, and likely to be found in a casual pa.s.sage over a site, whereas other objects, common to several periods, are ignored. Only the distinctive, key objects are mentioned. The great features of Greek Art, for instance, are not dealt with in Chapter II; nor are coins, the probabilities of finding them being too slender, and the possibilities too wide. Nevertheless, coins when found should be carefully quoted. Pottery naturally takes the largest place, as it was abundant, and its fragments are a good guide to period, and being practically indestructible and of no intrinsic value are most likely to be met with. The difference between pottery made with the use of the wheel and that made without is important to be noted. The use of the wheel can usually be detected through the slight inequalities of the clay that make a series of parallel lines on the inner surface.

The diagrammatic representations of the pot-forms characteristic of various periods or of other objects ranging through a civilization the main features of which can be shown in outline will, it is hoped, be found useful. Simplified tables of alphabets, intended to make it possible roughly to identify the script, if not the date, of an inscription, are also given.

CHAPTER I

FLINT IMPLEMENTS

See Diagrams, [Ill.u.s.trations II: Flint Implements]