Cooley's Cyclopaedia of Practical Receipts Volume Ii Part 223

_Pur._ "Nothing, or scarcely anything, is thrown down from this solution on the addition of lime water; and when it has been first saturated by nitric acid, no precipitate falls on the addition of carbonate of soda, chloride of barium, or nitrate of silver. What is thrown down by bichloride of platinum is yellowish." (Ph. L.)

_Uses, &c._ Liquor of pota.s.sa is antacid, diuretic, resolvent, and lithontriptic.--_Dose_, 10 to 30 or 40 drops, in any bland diluent (not acidulous); in heartburn, gout, calculi, indurations, scrofula, lepra, psoriasis, &c.

_Obs._ Quicklime fails to abstract the carbonic acid from the alkaline carbonates in solutions much stronger than those above referred to. Weaker solutions may, however, be easily concentrated by evaporation in iron vessels. See POTa.s.sIUM, HYDRATE OF, and _below_.

=Solution of Potas'sa (Effervescing).= _Syn._ LIQUOR POTa.s.sae EFFERVESCENS (B. P.); EFFERVESCING POTASH WATER, SUPERCARBONATE OF POTa.s.sA W.; AQUA POTa.s.sae EFFERVESCENS (Ph. E.), A. P. SUPERCARBONATIS, L. _Prep._ (Ph. L. & E.) Bicarbonate of potash, 1 dr.; distilled water, 1 pint; dissolve, force in carbonic acid gas in excess, and keep it in a well-stoppered bottle.

Resembles soda water, but sits better on the stomach. It is almost specific in the early stages of scurvy.

(B. P.) Dissolve 30 gr. of bicarbonate of potash in one pint of distilled water, filter, pa.s.s in washed carbonic acid (obtained by the action of sulphuric acid on chalk) up to a pressure of 7 atmospheres. Keep in bottles closely secured.

_Obs._ An excellent subst.i.tute for this preparation is to pour a bottle of soda water into a tumbler containing 20 gr. of powdered bicarbonate of potash, and to drink it immediately.

=Solution of Potas'sio-tar'trate of An'timony.= _Syn._ SOLUTIO ANTIMONII POTa.s.sIO-TARTRATIS, ANTIMONII TARTARIZATI LIQUOR (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ (Ph.

D.) Tartarised antimony, 1 dr.; rectified spirit, 7 fl. oz.; distilled water, 1 pint; dissolve. Strength, doses, and uses, similar to those of antimonial wine (which _see_), than which it keeps better.

=Solution, Prophylac'tic.= See HAHNEMANN'S SOLUTION.

=Solution of Protonitrate of Mercury.= _Syn._ LIQUOR HYDRARGYRI NITRICI (PROTO-NITRATIS) (G. Ph.). _Prep._ Protonitrate of mercury, 1 oz.; distilled water, 9 oz.; nitric acid (1185), 46 gr. Filter.--_Dose_, 1 to 5 drops.

=Solution of Sesquicar'bonate of Ammonia.= See SOLUTION OF CARBONATE OF AMMONIA.

=Solution of Sil'icate of Potas'sa.= See SOLUTION OF FLINTS.

=Solution of So'da.= _Syn._ SOLUTION OF HYDRATE OF SODA, LIQUOR OF SODA, CAUSTIC SODA WATER; LIQUOR SODae (B. P., Ph. L.), SODae CAUSTICae LIQUOR (Ph.

D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Carbonate of soda, (cryst.), 32 oz.; lime, 9 oz.; boiling distilled water, 1 gall.; proceed as for solution of pota.s.sa. "In 100 gr. are contained 1 gr. of (pure) soda." (Ph. L.) Sp. gr.

1061.

2. (Ph. D.) Carbonate of soda (cryst.), 2 lbs.; fresh-burned lime, 10 oz.; water, 1 gall. 7 fl. oz.; as liquor of pota.s.sa. Sp. gr. 1056.

3. (B. P.) Carbonate of soda, 7; slaked lime, 3; distilled water, 40; dissolve the carbonate in the water, boil in a clean iron vessel, gradually mixing the lime, and stirring constantly for ten minutes; decant into a green-gla.s.s bottle, with air-tight stopper. Sp. gr. 1047.--_Dose_, 1/2 to 1 dr.

=Solution of Soda (Effervescing).= _Syn._ SODA WATER; LIQUOR SODae EFFERVESCENS, AQUA S. E. (Ph. E.), A. S. SUPERCARBONATIS, SODae CARBONATIS AQUA ACIDULA, L. _Prep._ (Ph. E.) Bicarbonate of soda, 1 dr.; distilled water, 1 pint; dissolve, and force carbonic acid gas into the solution under pressure. Used as an antacid and grateful stimulant, often proving gently laxative. The soda water of the shops cannot be subst.i.tuted for this preparation, as, in opposition to its name, it is usually made without soda. (B. P.) Half the strength.

=Solution, Sol'dering.= _Prep._ Dissolve zinc in hydrochloric acid nearly to saturation, add 1-5th part of powdered sal ammoniac, and simmer for 5 minutes. Used to make solder flow easily and take well; applied with a feather. See SOLDERING.

=Solution, Speci'fic (Frank's).= _Syn._ SPECIFIC SOLUTION OF COPAIBA; LIQUOR COPAIBae ALKALINA, L. _Prep._ Take of balsam of copaiba, 2 parts; liquor of pota.s.sa (Ph. L.), 3 parts; water, 7 parts; boil the mixture for 2 or 3 minutes, put it into a separator, and allow it to stand for 5 or 6 days; then draw it off from the bottom, avoiding the upper stratum of oil, and to the clear liquid add of sweet spirit of nitre (perfectly free from acid), 1 part; should it turn foul or milky, a very little liquor of pota.s.sa will usually brighten it; if not, place it in a clean separator, and let it stand, closely covered, for a few days, and then draw it off from the bottom as before, when it will be perfectly transparent, without filtering. Some persons add the sweet spirit of nitre whilst the solution is still warm, mix it in as rapidly as possible, and immediately cork or fasten up the vessel. This is a good way when the article is wanted in a hurry, but is objectionable from the loss of spirit thereby occasioned, and the danger, without care, of bursting the separator.

_Obs._ A receipt for this article, upon the authority of Battley, has been going the round of the pharmaceutical works for many years. It is as follows:--Take 12 oz. of balsam of copaiba, and 6 oz, of calcined magnesia; rub together, add a pint of proof spirit, filter, and then add 1/2 oz. of sweet spirits of nitre. ('Gray's Supplement.') The product of this formula, utterly unlike 'Frank's Specific Solution,' is a colourless tincture, scarcely flavoured with copaiba, and holding very little of the active matter of the balsam in solution, owing to the compound formed with the magnesia being insoluble in spirit. Such is the affinity of this earth for copaiba (copaibic acid), that it will even take it from caustic pota.s.sa. See COPAIBA, and its preparations.

=Solution of Strychnia.= _Syn._ LIQUOR STRYCHNIae (B. P.). _Prep._ Strychnia, in crystals, 4 gr.; dilute hydrochloric acid 6 minims; rectified spirit, 2 dr.; distilled water, 6 dr.; mix the hydrochloric acid with 4 dr. of the water, and dissolve the strychnia in it by means of heat; then add the spirit and the remainder of the water.--_Dose_, 4 to 10 minims.

=Solution of Subac'etate of Lead.= _Syn._ LIQUOR OF SUBACETATE OF LEAD, L.

OF DIACETATE OF L., GOULARD'S EXTRACT; LIQUOR PLUMBI, L. PLUMBI DIACETATIS (Ph. L.), PLUMBI DIACETATIS SOLUTIO (Ph. E.), PLUMBI SUBACETATIS LIQUOR (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Acetate of lead, 27 oz.; litharge, in fine powder, 16 oz.; water, 3 quarts; boil for 1/2 an hour, constantly stirring, and then add enough distilled water to make the whole measure 3 quarts; lastly, filter, if required, and keep it in a closed vessel. The proportions, ordered in the Ph. E. are similar. Sp. gr.

1260.

2. (Ph. D.) Acetate of lead, 6 oz.; litharge, 4 oz.; distilled water, 1 quart; boil, &c., as before; to produce 1 quart. Sp. gr. 1066. (B. P.) the same.

3. (Wholesale.) From finely powdered litharge, 32 lbs.; distilled vinegar, 32 galls.; boil in a perfectly bright copper pan for 2 hours, cool, add water to make up 32 galls., again simmer for 1 minute, cover up the vessel, and in an hour decant the clear portion. Common trade strength.

(See _below_.)

=Solution of Subacetate of Lead (Dilute).= _Syn._ GOULARD, GOULARD'S LOTION, GOULARD'S WATER; LIQUOR PLUMBI DIACETATIS DILUTUS (Ph. L.), PLUMBI SUBACETATIS LIQUOR COMPOSITUS (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Liquor of diacetate of lead, 1-1/2 fl. dr.; proof-spirit, 2 fl. dr.; distilled water, 1 pint; mix.

2. (Ph. D.) Solution of subacetate of lead and proof spirit, of each 2 fl.

oz.; distilled water, 1/2 gall.; mix, filter, and preserve it in a well-stoppered bottle.

3. (B. P.) Solution of subacetate of lead, 2 fl. dr.; rectified spirit, 2 fl. dr.; distilled water, 19-1/2 oz. Filter through paper.

_Obs._ Both the above preparations were formerly made with common vinegar, and hence were coloured, but those of the Pharm. are white. If wanted coloured, a little spirit colouring may be added. The stronger liquor is only used diluted; and the dilute solution is now seldom prepared by the wholesale druggist. The last (diluted solution) is employed as a sedative, refrigerant, and astringent wash, in various affections. Both are poisonous. For the antidotes, see LEAD.

=Solution of Sulphate of Atropia.= _Syn._ LIQUOR ATROPIae SULPHATIS (B.

P.). _Prep._ Sulphate of atropia, 4 gr.; distilled water, 1 oz.; dissolve.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 minims.

=Solution of Sulphate of Copper.= _Syn._ LIQUOR CUPRI SULPHATIS COMPOSITUS, AQUA STYPTICA. (Ph. L. 1746). Sulphate of copper, 3 oz.; alum, 3 oz.; sulphuric acid, 2 oz.; (by wt.), water, 24 oz. For external use.

=Solution of Sulphate of Indigo.= _Syn._ LIQUOR INDIGO SULPHATIS. _Prep._ Digest 1 part of powdered indigo in 10 of sulphuric acid; when dissolved dilute it with water. Used as a test.

=Solution of Sulphate of Mor'phia.= _Syn._ LIQUOR MORPHIae SULPHATIS, L.

_Prep._ From sulphate of morphia, as the solution of the acetate or hydrochlorate. The uses, doses, &c., are the same.

=Solution of Sulphate of Zinc (Compound).= See SOLUTION OF ALUM, COMPOUND.

=Solution of Sul'phuret of Pota.s.sium.= _Syn._ SOLUTION OF HYDROSULPHATE OF POTa.s.sA; SOLUTIO POTa.s.sII SULPHURETI, LIQUOR POTa.s.sae HYDROSULPHATIS, AQUA POTa.s.sae SULPHURETI (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ Take of washed sublimed sulphur, 1 part; water of caustic pota.s.sa, 11 parts: mix, boil for 10 minutes, filter, and keep the solution in well-closed bottles. Sp. gr. 1117. The product is a mixed solution of hydrosulphate and hyposulphate of pota.s.sa.--_Dose_, 10 to 60 drops, diluted in water; and, externally, made into a lotion; in itch, and several other eruptive diseases.

=Solution of Tartrate of Magnesia.= _Syn._ LIQUOR MAGNESIae TARTRATIS.

(Airat.) _Prep._ Tartaric acid, 15-1/4 oz. troy; distilled water, 20 pints; fresh calcined magnesia, diffused in 16 oz. of distilled water, 3 oz. troy and 1 dr.--_Dose._ As a purgative, 15 oz.

=Solution of Veratria.= _Syn._ SOLUTIO VERATRIae. _Prep._ Veratrine, 1 gr.; distilled water, 2-1/2 oz. Dr Turnbull's solution, for external use, is--veratria, 1 scruple; rectified spirit, 2 oz.

=Solution, Swan's.= _Syn._ SOLUTIO SODae HYPOPHOSPHITIS. _Prep._ Mr. Squire says this contains 3 gr. of the salt in a drachm.

=SOL'VENT.= _Syn._ MENSTRUUM, L. The liquid in which any substance is dissolved. The substance dissolved is, occasionally, called the 'solvend.'

(Kirwan.)

=Solvent, Glazier's.= _Syn._ GLAZIER'S PICKLE. From soft soap dissolved in thrice its weight of strong soapers' lye; or, from freshly slaked lime made into a thin paste or cream with twice its weight of pearlash dissolved in a little water. Very caustic. Used to soften old putty, and to remove old paint.

=SOMNAMBULISM.= Children are most subjected to sleep-walking. When adults are affected with it the cause may generally be traced to mental exhaustion, over-excitement, or emotional feeling. The most preferable method of awakening a somnambulist, if this be desirable, is by dashing cold water on the face. It is well to occasionally administer an aperient, and also to rectify any errors of diet, if necessary, and to remove by the exercise of judicious and kindly advice, and change of scene undue excitement or morbid feeling.

The other precautions, such as securing the feet, &c., during sleep, guarding the exits of the bed-chamber, are so obvious as to need no further allusion to.

=SOOT.= _Syn._ FULIGO. Wood soot was formerly officinal, and reputed vermifuge and antiseptic. The soot from pit-coal contains, besides empyreumatic matter, sulphate of ammonia; hence it is valuable as a manure, when not too freely applied. It is also employed by gardeners to kill insects.

=SOPORIF'ICS.= Hypnotics (which _see_).

=SORBITE.= A crystalline saccharine substance resembling mannite, obtained by Boussingault from the berries of the mountain ash. It was obtained from the liquid containing the undecomposed saccharine matter remaining after the juice of the berries had been subjected to fermentation.

=SOU'JEE.= _Syn._ SOOJEE. A species of semolina. Semoletta (_semola rarita_) is a still smaller variety of pearled wheat, separated from the others by means of a sieve. 'Baster's soojee' is said to be a mixture of ordinary wheat flour and sugar.

=SOUR KROUT.= See SAUER-KROUT.