Cooley's Cyclopaedia of Practical Receipts Volume Ii Part 156

=Plaster, Morrison's Adhesive.= _Syn._ MORRISON'S ADHESIVE PASTE. From wheaten flour, 2 oz.; mild ale, 1/2 pint; stir them together, and heat the mixture to the boiling point; when cold, add of powdered resin, 3 oz.; and, constantly stirring, again heat them to boiling. Used as a depilatory in ringworm, &c.

=Plaster of Mu'cilages.= _Syn._ DIACHYLON COMPOSITUM, EMPLASTRUM e MUCILAGINIBUS, L. _Prep._ (Ph. L. 1746.) Beeswax, 20 oz.; oil of mucilages, 4 oz.; melt, and add them to strained ammoniac.u.m, 3 oz.; common turpentine, 1 oz., previously melted together. Stimulant and emollient.

=Plaster of Mus'tard.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM SINAPIS, L. This is always an extemporaneous preparation. Flour of mustard is made into a stiff paste with lukewarm water, or with vinegar, and is then spread on a piece of calico or linen (folded two or three times); over the surface of the mustard is placed a piece of gauze or thin muslin, and the plaster is then applied to the part of the body it is intended to medicate. Its action is that of a powerful rubefacient and counter-irritant; but its application should not be continued long, unless in extreme cases. Its effects are often apparently wonderful. We have seen very severe cases of facial neuralgia, sore throat, painful joints, rheumatic pains, &c., relieved in a few minutes by means of a mustard plaster or 'poultice.'

=Plaster, Nuremberg.= See PLASTER, MINIUM (COMPOUND).

=Plaster of Oak-mistletoe.= (Hardy.) _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM VISCI QUERCINI.

_Prep._ To 2 parts of melted beeswax add gradually 1 part of juice of true oak mistletoe, and form a plaster. In neuralgic pains.

=Plaster of O"pium.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM ANODYNUM, E. OPII (B. P., Ph. L.

E. & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Lead plaster, 8 oz.; melt, and add of frankincense (thus), 2 oz.; next, add of extract of opium, 1 oz., previously dissolved in boiling water, 1 fl. oz.; and, constantly stirring, evaporate the mixture over a slow fire to a proper consistence.

This plaster is much stronger than that of the Ph. L. 1836 and of the other British Colleges.

2. (Ph. L. 1836.) Lead plaster, 1 lb.; melt, add of powdered thus, 3 oz.; mix, and further add, of powdered opium, 1/2 oz., water, 8 fl. oz., and boil to a proper consistence.

3. (Ph. E.) Litharge plaster, 12 oz.; Burgundy pitch, 3 oz.; liquefy by heat, then add, by degrees, of powdered opium, 1/2 oz., and mix them thoroughly. This and the preceding contains only 1-3rd part of the opium ordered in the present Ph. L. & D.

4. (Ph. D.) Resin plaster, 9 oz.; opium, in fine powder, 1 oz.; as the last. Same as B. P.

5. (Ph. B.), Powdered opium, 1 oz.; resin plaster, 9 oz.; melt the plaster and add the opium.

_Obs._ The above plaster is reputed anodyne, and useful in various local pains; but its virtues in this way have been greatly exaggerated. The formula of the Ph. L. 1836, from being less costly, is still often employed in place of that of the Ph. L. 1851. The following is commonly used:--Lead plaster, 14 lbs.; yellow resin, 2 lbs.; powdered opium, 1/2 lb.

=Plaster of Opium and Camphor.= (Dr Paris.) _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM OPII ET CAMPHORae. _Prep._ Opium and camphor, of each 1/2 dr. Lead plaster q. s.

Mix.

=Plaster of Ox'ide of I'ron.= _Syn._ IRON PLASTER, FRANKINCENSE P., STRENGTHENING P.; EMPLASTRUM ROBORANS, E. FERRI (B. P., Ph. L. E. & D.), E. THURIS, E. FERRI OXYDI RUBRI, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Lead plaster, 8 oz.; frankincense (thus), 2 oz.; melt them together over a slow fire, sprinkle into the mixture sesquioxide of iron, 1 oz., and mix the whole well together.

2. (Ph. E.) Litharge plaster, 3 oz.; yellow resin, 6 dr.; beeswax, 3 dr.; melt them together, then add of red oxide of iron, 1 oz., previously triturated with olive oil, 3-1/2 fl. dr.

3. (Ph. D.) Litharge plaster, 8 oz.; Burgundy pitch, 2 oz.; peroxide of iron, in fine powder, 1 oz.; as No. 1. Same as B. P.

4. (Wholesale.) From lead plaster (quite dry), 84 lbs.; powdered yellow resin, 14 lbs.; 'crocus martis' (lively coloured), 14 lbs.; olive oil, 3 pints; as No. 2.

5. (B. P.) Add hydrated peroxide of iron in fine powder, 1 oz., to Burgundy pitch, 2 oz., and litharge plaster, 8 oz., previously melted together, and stir the mixture constantly till it stiffens on cooling.

_Obs._ Iron plaster is reputed strengthening and stimulant. It is employed as a mechanical support in muscular relaxation, weakness of the joints, &c., especially by public dancers. Its tonic action is probably wholly imaginary. No. 4 is the 'EMPLASTRUM ROBORANS' of the shops at the present time.

=Plaster, Oxycro'ceum.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM OXYCROCEUM, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph.

E. 1744.) Beeswax, 1 lb.; black pitch and strained galbanum, of each 1/2 lb.; melt, and add of Venice turpentine, powdered myrrh, and olibanum, of each 3 oz.; powdered saffron, 2 oz.

2. (Wholesale.) From black pitch, 9 lbs.; black resin, 11 lbs.; beeswax and lard, of each 2-1/2 lbs.; melted together. Warm; discutient. Still popular with the lower orders. The saffron of the original formula never finds its way into the oxycroceum plaster of the druggists.

=Plaster, Palm.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM DIAPALMUM, L.; DIAPALME, EMPLaTRE DIAPALME, Fr. _Prep._ (P. Cod.) Lead plaster, 32 parts; yellow wax, 2 parts; melt them together, add of sulphate of zinc, 1 part, dissolve in a little water, and continue the heat, with constant agitation, until all the water is evaporated.

_Obs._ This plaster originally contained palm oil, and this ingredient is still ordered in the formulae of Plenck and Reuss. Soubeiran directs white wax to be employed.

=Plaster, Paracelsus's.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM PARACELSI, E. STYPTIc.u.m, L.

_Prep._ From lead plaster, 28 lbs.; galbanum plaster, 2 lbs.; powdered white canella and gum thus, of each 1-1/2 lb.; melted together. The original formula, as well as that of the Ph. L. 1721 were similar, although much more complicated.

=Plaster of Pitch.= _Syn._ POOR MAN'S PLASTER, GOUT P., ANTI-RHEUMATIC P.; EMPLASTRUM PAUPERIS, E. ANTIRHEUMATIc.u.m, E. ANTARTHRITIc.u.m, E. PICIS COMMUNE, L. This has been already noticed under the head of RESIN PAPER.

It is also, but less frequently, spread on cloth and leather.

=Plaster, Prestat's Adhe'sive.= _Prep._ From lead plaster, 2-1/2 lbs.; yellow resin, 5 oz.; Venice turpentine, 4 oz.; gum ammoniac.u.m and mastic, of each 1-1/4 oz.; made into a plaster, and spread on linen or calico.

=Plaster of Red Lead.= See PLASTER OF MINIUM.

=Plaster of Res'in.= _Syn._ ADHESIVE PLASTER, RESINOUS P.; EMPLASTRUM ADHESIVUM, E. RESINae (B. P., Ph. L. & D.), E. RESINOSUM (Ph. E.), E.

LYTHARGYRI c.u.m RESINa, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) To lead plaster, 3 lbs., melted by a gentle heat, add of resin, 1/2 lb., also liquefied by heat, and mix. The formula of the Ph. U. S. is similar.

2. (Ph. E.) Litharge plaster, 5 oz.; resin, 1 oz.; mix with a moderate heat.

3. (Ph. D.) To litharge plaster, 2 lbs., melted by a gentle heat, add, of powdered resin, 4 oz., Castile soap, in powder, 2 oz., and mix them intimately.

4. (Wholesale.) Pale lead plaster (from a previous batch, and quite dry), 72 lbs.; olive oil (Genoa), 3 lbs.; melt them together in a bright and perfectly clean copper pan, and sift in of pale yellow resin (in powder), 12 lbs., stirring all the while. The mixture is to be cooled, and 'pulled'

or 'worked,' after the manner of lead plaster.

5. (B. P.) Resin (in powder), 2; litharge plaster, 16; hard soap, 1; melt the plaster with a gentle heat, add the resin and soap, first liquefied, and mix.

_Obs._ Resin plaster, spread upon calico, forms the well-known 'STRAPPING'

or 'ADHESIVE PLASTER' so extensively used to protect raw surfaces, support parts, and for dressing ulcers, retaining the lips of recent cuts and wounds in contact, &c. It is gently stimulant, and is thought to a.s.sist the healing process. It is also employed as a basis for other plasters.

The 'HOSPITAL PLASTER' of certain houses is of this kind. See PLASTER OF SOAP, COMPOUND.

=Plaster, Resol'vent.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM RESOLVENS, E. EX MIXTIS QUATUOR, L. _Prep._ (P. Cod.) Galbanum, hemlock, mercurial, and soap plasters, equal parts, melted together.

=Plaster, Roper's Royal Bath.= _Prep._ (Cooley.) Strained black pitch, 16 oz.; Burgundy pitch, 10 oz.; tar and beeswax, of each 1 oz.; melt, and, when considerably cooled, add of expressed oil of mace, 2 dr.; croton oil, 1 dr.; and spread the mixture upon heart-shaped pieces of white sheep-skin, without remelting it. Stimulant and counter-irritant; recommended by its proprietor as a cure for all human ailments. The 'BATH-PLASTER PILLS,' also prepared by Mr Roper, resemble several of the aperient pills already noticed. (See 'Anat. of Quackery.')

=Plaster, Scott's.= _Prep._ From lead plaster, 14 oz.; olive oil and white resin, of each 1 oz.; melted together, and spread on calico.

=Plaster, Sharp's Black.= _Prep._ From olive oil, 5 parts; carbonate of lead, 4 parts; beeswax, 1 part; boiled to a plaster.

=Plaster, Simple.= See PLASTER, WAX.

=Plaster of Soap.= _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM e SAPONE, E. SAPONIS (Ph. L. E. & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) To lead plaster, 3 lbs., melted by a slow heat, add of Castile soap, sliced, 1/2 lb., resin, 1 oz., both (also) liquefied by heat, and, constantly stirring, evaporate to a proper consistence.

2. (Ph. E.) To litharge plaster, 4 oz., gum plaster, 2 oz., melted together, add of Castile soap, in shavings, 1 oz., and boil a little.

3. (Ph. D.) To litharge plaster, 2-1/2 lbs., melted over a gentle fire, add of Castile soap, in powder, 4 oz., and heat them together (constantly stirring) until they combine.

4. (B. P.) Hard soap (in powder), 6; lead plaster, 36; resin (in powder), 1; to the lead plaster, previously melted, add the soap and the resin, first liquefied, then, constantly stirring, evaporate to a proper consistence.

_Obs._ Care must be taken to evaporate all the moisture from the above compounds, as, if any is left in the plaster, it turns out crumbly, and does not keep well. Much heat discolours it. (See _below_.)

Soap plaster is emollient and resolvent, and is used in abrasions and excoriations, and as a dressing to soft corns, lymphatic tumours, &c.

=Plaster of Soap (Camphorated).= (P. Cod.) _Syn._ EMPLASTRUM SAPONIS CAMPHORATUM. Soap plaster, 10 oz.; camphor, 48 gr.