Cooley's Cyclopaedia of Practical Receipts Volume Ii Part 97

=Ointment, Nervine.= _Syn._ BALSAMUM NERVINUM, UNGUENTUM N., L.; BAUME NERVAL, Fr. _Prep._ (P. Cod.) Expressed oil of mace and ox marrow, of each 4 oz.; melt by a gentle heat, and add, of oil of rosemary, 2 dr.; oil of cloves, 1 dr.; camphor, 1 dr.; balsam of tolu, 2 dr.; (the last two dissolved in) rectified spirit, 4 dr. In rheumatism, &c. A somewhat similar preparation was included in the Ph. E. 1744.

=Ointment, Narcotic and Balsamic= (G. Ph.). _Syn._ UNGUENTUM NARCOTICO-BALSAMIc.u.m h.e.l.lMUNDI. _Prep._ Acetate of lead, 10 drams; extract of hemlock, 30 drams; wax ointment, 33 oz.; balsam of Peru, 30 drams; wine of opium, 5 drams.

=Ointment, Neu'tral.= See OINTMENT OF LEAD (Compound).

=Ointment of Ni'trate of Mercury.= _Syn._ CITRINE OINTMENT, YELLOW O., MERCURIAL BALSAM; UNGUENTUM HYDRARGYRI NITRATIS (B. P., Ph. L. & D.), U.

H. N., or U. CITRINUM (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Mercury, 2 oz.; nitric acid (sp. gr. 142), 4 fl. oz.; dissolve and mix the solution, whilst still hot, with lard, 1 lb., and olive oil, 8 fl. oz., melted together. (For the MILDER OINTMENT, see _below_.)

2. (Ph. E.) Mercury, 4 oz.; nitric acid (sp. gr. 1500), 8 fl. oz. 6 fl.

dr.; dissolve by a gentle heat, add the liquid to lard, 15 oz,; olive oil, 32 fl. oz.; melted together, and whilst the whole are still hot, and mix them thoroughly. "If the mixture does not froth up, increase the heat a little until this takes place. Keep the ointment in earthenware vessels, or gla.s.s vessels, secluded from the air." This admirable formula is a modification of that originally introduced into Pharmacy by the late Dr Duncan, of Edinburgh. (For the milder ointment, see _below_.)

3. (Ph. D.) Mercury 1 oz.; nitric acid, (1500), 1 fl. oz.; (diluted with) water, 1/2 fl. oz.; dissolve by a gentle heat, and add the liquid to lard, 4 oz.; olive oil, 8 fl. oz.; melted together, and still hot; next "let the temperature of the mixture be raised so as to cause effervescence, and then, withdrawing the heat, stir the mixture with a porcelain spoon until it concretes on cooling."

4. (P. Cod.) Mercury, 3 parts; nitric acid (1321), 6 parts; lard and oil, of each 24 parts; as above.

5. (Ph. U. S.) Mercury, 1 oz.; nitric acid (142), 14 fl. oz.; lard, 3 oz.; fresh neat's-foot oil, 9 fl. oz.; mix the mercurial solution with the melted fat and oil at 200 Fahr.

6. (B. P.) Mercury, 4; nitric acid, 12; prepared lard, 15; olive oil, 32; dissolve the mercury in the nitric acid with the aid of a gentle heat; melt the lard in the oil by a steam or water bath in a porcelain vessel capable of holding six times the quant.i.ty, and while the mixture is hot add the solution of mercury, also hot, and mix them together thoroughly.

If the mixture does not froth up, increase the heat till this occurs. (The heat required for this is from 170 to 180 Fahr.)

_Uses, &c._ Detergent and stimulant. In ringworm, herpes, itch, porrigo, psoriasis, and some other chronic skin diseases; in various chronic affections of the eyes, especially chronic inflammation and ulceration of the eyelids, 'blear eye,' &c. It "may almost be regarded as specific in psorophthalmia, in the purulent ophthalmia of infants producing ectropium (eversion of the eyelids), and in ulcerations of the tarsi (edges of the eyelids)." (A. T. Thomson.) As a dressing to old ulcers, more especially those of a syphilitic character, it is superior to all the other ointments containing mercury; in sore legs, a.s.sisted by the internal use of the pill of soap with opium (PIL SAPONIS c.u.m OPIO), it often acts like a charm when all other modes of treatment have failed. For most of these purposes it should be diluted with from twice to seven times its weight of some simple fatty matter. One of the princ.i.p.al reasons why this ointment is in less general use than its merits deserve, is the very inferior quality of that vended in the shops under the name, arising from almost every druggist preparing some mess of his own, instead of adhering to the College formulae.

_Obs._ Ointment of nitrate of mercury, faithfully prepared according to the instructions in the Pharmacopia, possesses a rich golden-yellow colour, and a b.u.t.tery consistence, and keeps well. Unfortunately, clumsy and careless operators, who regard the Pharmacopia as a foolish book, which it is quite unnecessary to look into, often fail in their attempts to produce an article of good quality. The difficulty is immediately surmounted by employing pure ingredients, in the proportions ordered, and mixing them at the proper temperature. The acid should be of the full strength, or, if somewhat weaker than that directed, an equivalent quant.i.ty should be employed. A slight excess of acid is not injurious, rather the contrary; but a deficiency of acid, in all cases, more or less damages the quality of the product. If, on stirring the mercurial solution with the melted lard and oil, the mixture does not froth up, the heat should be increased a little, as, unless a violent frothing and reaction take place, the ointment will not turn out of good quality, and will rapidly harden and lose its colour. The most favorable temperature for the union of the ingredients is from 185 to 200 Fahr., and in no case should it exceed 212; whilst below 180 Fahr., the reactions are feeble and imperfect.

Stoneware or gla.s.s vessels must alone be employed in the preparation of this ointment, and the stirrers or spatulas should be either of gla.s.s or white deal. The best plan is to keep the whole exclusively for the purpose, and when out of use to preserve them from dust and dirt. (See _below_.)

=Ointment of Ni'trate of Mercury.= (Milder.) _Syn._ MILDER CITRINE OINTMENT; UNGUENTUM HYDRARGYRI NITRATIS MITIUS (Ph. L.), U. H. N. M., Or U. CITRINUM M. (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Ointment of nitrate of mercury, 1 oz.; lard, 7 oz.; rub them together. "This ointment is to be used recently prepared."

2. (Ph. E.) As the stronger ointment, Ph. E., but using a triple proportion of oil and lard. _Uses, &c._ See the STRONGER OINTMENT (_above_).

=Ointment of Ni'trate of Sil'ver.= _Syn._ UNGUENTUM ARGENTI NITRATIS, L.

_Prep._ 1. (M. Jobert.) Nitrate of silver, 2, 4, or 6 parts; lard, 20 parts. These ointments are respectively numbered 1, 2, and 3, and are used in white-swelling.

2. (Macdonald.) Nitrate of silver, 1 part; lard, 7 to 8 parts. To smear bougies, in gonorrha, &c.

3. (Mackenzie.) Nitrate of silver, 5 gr.; lard, 1 oz. In purulent and chronic ophthalmia, ulcers on the cornea, &c.

4. (Velpeau.) Nitrate of silver, 1 gr.; lard, 1 dr. In acute ophthalmia, &c. The above compounds require to be used with caution.

=Ointment of Ni'tric Acid.= _Syn._ OXYGENISED FAT; UNGUENTUM OXYGENATUM, U. A. NITRICI, L.; POMMADE D'ALYON, Fr. _Prep._ (Ph. D. 1826.) Olive oil, 1 lb.; lard, 4 oz.; melt them together, add, gradually, of nitric acid (sp. gr. 1500), 5-1/2 fl. dr., and stir the mixture constantly with a gla.s.s rod until it concretes.

_Uses, &c._ In itch, porrigo, and some other chronic skin diseases; and as a dressing for syphilitic and herpetic ulcers, old sores, &c. It is frequently employed as a subst.i.tute for the ointment of nitrate of mercury, which it somewhat resembles in appearance; but it is less active and useful.

=Ointment of Ni'tric Ox'ide of Mer'cury.= _Syn._ OINTMENT OF RED OXIDE OF MERCURY (B. P.), RED PRECIPITATE OINTMENT; UNGUENTUM HYDRARGYRI NITRICO-OXYDI (Ph. L.), U. H. OXYDI (Ph. E.), U. H. O. RUBRI (B. P., Ph.

D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) White wax, 2 oz.; lard, 6 oz.; mix, by heat, add of nitric oxide of mercury, in very fine powder, 1 oz., and rub them together.

2. (Ph. E.) Nitric oxide of mercury, 1 oz.; lard, 8 oz.; mix by trituration.

3. (Ph. D.) Red oxide of mercury (nitric oxide), 1 dr.; ointment of white wax, 7 dr.; as the last.

4. (B. P.) Red oxide of mercury, in very fine powder, 62 gr.; yellow wax, 1/4 oz.; oil of almonds, 3/4 oz.; melt the wax, add the oil, and mix.

_Uses, &c._ An excellent stimulant application to indolent and foul sores, ulcers, &c.; and, when diluted, as an eye ointment in chronic inflammation and ulceration of the eyes and eyelids, and especially in psorophthalmia; also in specks on the cornea, and the other affections noticed under OINTMENT OF NITRATE OF MERCURY. It forms the basis of numerous quack medicines. See also OINTMENT OF OXIDE OF MERCURY (_below_).

=Ointment, Obstet'ric.= _Syn._ UNGUENTUM OBSTETRIc.u.m, L.; POMMADE OBSTETRICALE, Fr. _Prep._ 1. (Chaussier.) Extract of belladonna, 1 dr.; water, 2 dr.; lard, 1 oz. To promote the dilatation of the os uteri.

2. (POMMADE POUR LE TOUCHER.) From yellow wax and spermaceti, of each 1 oz.; olive oil, 16 oz.; melt them together, strain, add of solution of caustic soda, 1 fl. oz., and stir until the whole is nearly cold.

=Ointment of O'pium.= _Syn._ UNGUENTUM OPIATUM, U. OPII (Ph. L.), L.

_Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Powdered opium, 20 gr.; lard, 1 oz.; mix by trituration. As a simple anodyne friction or dressing.

2. (Augustin.) Opium, 2 dr.; ox-gall, 2 oz.; digest 2 days, strain, and add, of melted lard, 2 oz.; oil of bergamot, 10 drops.

3. (Brera.) Opium, 1 dr.; gastric juice of a calf, 1/2 oz.; digest 24 hours, and add of melted lard, 1 oz.

=Ointment of Oxide of Lead.= See OINTMENT, LEAD.

=Ointment of Oxide of Man"ganese.= _Syn._ UNGUENTUM MANGANESII OXYDI, U.

M. BINOXYDI, L. _Prep._ 1. Black oxide of manganese (levigated), 1 dr.; lard, 1 oz.; mix by patient trituration. As a friction in scrofulous swellings and indurations; and in itch, scald-head, chilblains, &c.

2. (W. Cooley.) Binoxide of manganese, 1 dr.; sulphur, 2 dr.; lard, 9 dr.; cajeput oil, 15 drops. As the last; also as a friction in rheumatism, swelled joints, &c., and in porrigo, and some other skin diseases.

=Ointment of Oxide of Mer'cury.= Under this name the two ointments noticed below are often confounded, owing to the different opinions held respecting the atomic weight of mercury:--

1. =Ointment of Grey Oxide of Mer'cury.= _Syn._ OINTMENT OF SUBOXIDE OF MERCURY, O. OF PROTOXIDE OF M.; UNGUENTUM HYDRARGYRI OXYDI, U. H.

SUBOXYDI, U. H. O. CINEREI, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. E. 1817.) Grey oxide of mercury, 1 oz.; lard, 3 oz.; triturate together. Formerly proposed as a subst.i.tute for mercurial ointment, but in practice it has been found useless as a friction, owing to the unctuous matter only being absorbed, whilst the oxide is left on the surface. This objection does not apply to the following preparations:--

2. (Donovan.) Grey oxide of mercury, 20 gr.; lard, 1 oz.; mix, and expose them to the temperature of 320 Fahr. for 2 hours, constantly stirring.

Grey coloured. It may also be made from the nitric- or red-oxide in the same way, by keeping the ointment heated to about 300 for some hours.

Cleaner and stronger than Ung. hyd. fort.--Ph. L.

3. (Tyson.) Black oxide of mercury (prepared by decomposing precipitated calomel with liquors of pota.s.sa and ammonia), 2 oz.; lard, 1 lb.; triturate together. Inferior in activity to the last. It closely resembles in appearance a fine sample of mercurial ointment.

2. =Ointment of Red Oxide of Mercury.= _Syn._ UNGUENTUM HYDRARGYRI BINOXIDI, U. H. OXYDI RUBRI, L. _Prep._ (Cazenave.) Red oxide of mercury, 30 gr.; camphor, 5 gr.; lard, 1 oz. Closely resembles ointment of nitric oxide of mercury, over which it, perhaps, possesses some advantage from the oxide being in a more minutely divided state.

=Ointment of Oxide of Sil'ver.= UNGUENTUM ARGENTI OXYDI, L. _Prep._ (Serre.) OXIDE OF SILVER, 16 to 20 gr.; lard, 1 oz. As a dressing for scrofulous and syphilitic sores, &c.

=Ointment of Oxide of Zinc.= _Syn._ ZINC OINTMENT; NIHIL ALb.u.m OINTMENT; UNGUENTUM ZINCI (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.), U. OXYDI ZINCI, L. _Prep._ 1.

(Ph. L.) Oxide of zinc, 1 oz.; lard, 6 oz.; mix them together.

2. (Ph. E.) Oxide of zinc, 1 oz.; simple liniment (Ph. E.), 6 oz.

3. (Ph. D.) Ointment of white wax, 12 oz.; melt it by a gentle heat, add of oxide of zinc, 2 oz.; and stir constantly until the mixture concretes.

4. (B. P.) Oxide of zinc, in very fine powder, 1; benzoated lard, 5-1/2; mix.

_Uses, &c._ Astringent, desiccative, and stimulant; in excoriations, burns, various skin diseases attended by profuse discharges, in chronic inflammation of the eyes depending on relaxation of the vessels, in sore nipples, indolent sores, ringworm of the scalp, &c. It is an excellent and very useful preparation. See OINTMENT, TUTTY (_below_).