Cooley's Cyclopaedia of Practical Receipts Volume I Part 227

=Extract of Couch Gra.s.s.= _Syn._ EXTRACT OF DOG'S GRa.s.s; EXTRACTUM GRAMINIS, L. _Prep._ 1. (P. Cod.) From the root of couch gra.s.s, or dog's gra.s.s (_Tritic.u.m repens_), as EXTRACT OF BISTORT--P. Cod.

2. From the fresh root, as EXTRACT OF ACONITE--Ph. L.

3. (Fluid; MELLAGO GRAMINIS, EXTRACTUM GRAMINIS FLUIDUM, L.--Ph. Hann.

1831.) From the decoction of the fresh root of couch gra.s.s, evaporated to the consistence of new honey. Pectoral.--_Dose_, 15 gr. to 1/2 dr., or more.

=Extract of Cu'bebs.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM CUBEBae, L. _Prep._ 1. From the alcoholic tincture evaporated by a very gentle heat.--_Dose_, 5 gr. to 30 gr.

2. (Mr Toller.) To the last add a little powdered Castile soap, when it begins to thicken, and evaporate to a pilular consistence.--_Dose_, 10 gr.

to 30 gr.

3. (Fluid: LIQUOR CUBEBae, EXTRACTUM C. FLUIDUM, L.)--_a._ Cubebs (ground in a coffee-mill), 1-1/4 lb.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; prepare a tincture, either by displacement or by digestion for a week, and reduce it, by distillation at a very gentle heat, until the whole measures exactly 1 pint. Every fl. oz. represents 2 oz. of cubebs.--_Dose_, 20 to 40 drops.

_b._ (M. Puche.) From cubebs and proof spirit, equal parts, by percolation; without subsequent evaporation. Represents its own weight in cubebs.--_Dose_, 1/2 to 1 fl. dr.

_c._ (Ph. U. S. 1851.) Cubebs, 1 lb. (nearly); ether, q. s.; make 1 quart of tincture; then distil off 1-1/2 pint of the ether by the heat of a water bath, and expose the residuum in a shallow vessel until the remainder of the ether has evaporated.

_d._ (Ph. U. S.) EXTRACTUM CUBEBae FLUIDUM. Cubebs in moderately fine powder, 16 oz. (troy); alcohol (817), 16 oz. (old measure). Macerate in a closed percolator for 4 days, and then let the percolation commence, and finish it by adding more menstruum until 24 oz. (old measure) have been obtained; reserve the first 14 oz., evaporate the remaining 10 oz. to 2 oz., and mix this with the reserved portion.

4. (Oleo-resinous; EXTRACTUM CUBEBae, E. CUBEBRUM, E. C. OLEO-RESINOSUM, L.)--_a._ (M. Dublanc.) The essential oil resulting from the careful distillation of any given quant.i.ty of cubebs, is mixed with the resinous extract obtained by evaporating a tincture of the dried residuum made with rectified spirit; the whole being reduced to the consistence of a thick syrup. 1 lb. of cubebs yields about 6 oz. of this extract.

_b._ (Labelonge.) Cubebs are first exhausted with ether, and then with proof spirit, in a displacement apparatus; the alcoholic tincture is evaporated to an extract over a water bath, and when cold, the ethereal tincture is mixed with it, and the mixture abandoned to spontaneous evaporation until the ether is volatilised.

_c._ (W. Procter.) An ethereal tincture (by displacement) is poured into a large retort, and 5-6ths is drawn over by the heat of a water bath; the evaporation of the residuum, to the proper consistence, is carried on at a heat not exceeding 120 Fahr. The formula of the Ph. Baden is nearly similar. Said to represent 6 to 8 times its weight in cubebs. 1 lb. yields 2 oz. of this extract.

_d._ (Hamb. Cod. 1845.) This resembles _a_ (_above_).

_Obs._ This extract has a darkish brown colour, and tastes and smells strongly of cubebs. It is only slightly soluble in water.--_Dose_, 5 gr.

to 20 gr.; made into an emulsion or pills, or enclosed in a capsule. See CUBEBS.

=Extract of Cu'c.u.mber.= See ELATERIUM.

=Extract of Cuspa"ria.= EXTRACT OF ANGOSTURA BARK; EXTRACTUM CUSPARIae, E.

CORTICIS C., E. ANGOSTURae, L. _Prep._ 1. From angostura bark, as EXTRACT OF CINCHONA--Ph. L.

2. (Alcoholic.) As EXTRACT OF CINCHONA--Ph. E. Stronger than the last.

Both are aromatic, bitter, tonic, and stimulant.--_Dose_, 10 gr. to 1/2 dr.; in dyspepsia, chronic diarrha, dysentery, &c.

=Extract of Daff'odil.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM NARCISSI, L. _Prep._ 1. From the fresh flowers of daffodil or yellow narcissus (_Narcissus pseudo-narcissus_), as EXTRACT OF ANCONITE--Ph. L.

2. (Alcoholic.) From the dried flowers, as EXTRACT OF BOX. Both are pectoral and expectorant; and in large doses nauseant and emetic.--_Dose_, 1/2 gr. to 2 gr.; in hooping-cough, &c.

=Extract of Dandeli'on.= See EXTRACT OF TARAXAc.u.m.

=Extract of Digita'lis.= See EXTRACT OF FOXGLOVE.

=Extract of Dog's Gra.s.s.= See EXTRACT OF COUCH GRa.s.s.

=Extract of Dog'wood.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM CORNS, E. CORNI, L. _Prep._ From American or tree dogwood (_Cornus Florida_), as EXTRACT OF CINCHONA BARK.

_Obs._ In its general effects, American dogwood approaches the cinchonas, and is said to be not inferior to them in the cure of intermittents.

(Bigelow.) It contains a peculiar bitter principle, called cornine.

Several other varieties of the genus _Cornus_, as round-leaved dogwood (_Cornus circinata_), swamp dogwood (_Cornus sericea_), &c., are used in America, but are less valuable.

=Extracts, Dried or Powdered.= _Syn._ EXTRACTA SICCA VEL PULVERATA (Ph.

Prus.). These are made by mixing 4 parts of the extract with 1 part of powder of sugar of milk, and setting the mixture in a warm place till dry.

Triturate the ma.s.s to powder, adding more of the sugar of milk if necessary, to make the weight the same as the extract used. The German Pharmacopia directs them to be mixed with dextrin, and then dried at a temperature of 122 Fahr., and, while still warm, triturated into a uniform powder, with dextrin q. s. to make the weight of the powder equal to twice the weight of the extract employed.

=Extract of Dulcama"ra.= See EXTRACT OF BITTER SWEET.

=Extract of Elate'rium.= _Syn._ INSp.i.s.sATED JUICE OF THE SQUIRTING CUc.u.mBER; SUCCUS Sp.i.s.sATUS MOMORDICae ELATERII. For preparation and recent synonyms, see ELATERIUM.

=Extract of El'der Berries.= _Syn._ ELDER ROB; ROOB SAMBUCI, EXTRACTUM SAMBUCI, E. S. NIGRae, E. BACCARUM S., SUCCUS SAMBUCI INSp.i.s.sATUS, L.

_Prep._ 1. (Ph. L. 1788.) The expressed and depurated juice of elder berries, evaporated to the consistence of honey.

2. (Ph. E. 1744.) To the above, when it begins to thicken, add 1-5th part of sugar.

3. (Ph. Bor.) As the last (nearly), but adding only 1 oz. of white sugar to each pound of the extract whilst still warm.--_Dose_, 1 to 4 dr.; in rheumatism, gout, and various skin affections.

=Extract of El'ecampane.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM INULae, E. RADIc.u.m I. CAMPANae, E. HELENII, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L. 1746.) From a decoction of the dried root.

2. (P. Cod.) As EXTRACT OF BISTORT--P. Cod.

3. (Ph. Suec 1845.) From a tincture prepared with proof spirit and water, equal parts.--_Dose_, 10 gr. to 1/2 dr.; as a diaph.o.r.etic, expectorant, and tonic; in asthma, hooping-cough, various skin diseases, &c.

=Extract of Elm.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM ULMI, E. CORTICUS U., L. _Prep._ 1.

From the decoction of the bark of the common elm (_Ulmus campestris_).

2. (Soubeiran.) As EXTRACT OF BOX. Astringent and alterative.--_Dose_, 20 gr. to 1 dr.; in secondary syphilis, chronic skin affections, &c.

=Extract of Er'got.= _Syn._ AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF ERGOT, HaeMOSTATIC EXTRACT; EXTRACTUM ERGOTae, E. E. AQUOSUM, E. SECALIS CORNUTI, E. HaeMOSTATIc.u.m, L.

_Prep._ 1. (B. P.) _Extractum Ergotae Liquidum._ Ergot in coa.r.s.e powder, 16; ether, 20; distilled water, 70; rectified spirit, 8. Shake the ether in a bottle with half its bulk of the water, and, after separation, decant the ether. Place the ergot in a percolator, and free it from oil by pa.s.sing the washed ether through it; remove the marc and digest it in the remainder of the water for twelve hours at 160 F. Press out the liquor, and evaporate it to 9, and when cold add the 8 of spirit; allow it to stand for an hour to coagulate, filter, and make up the quant.i.ty to 16.--_Dose_, 15 to 30 minims.

According to Squire, the amount of ether employed should be double the above, in two percolations, and the marc should be dried in the air before digesting with water. See ERGOTINE (Bonjeau's).

2. (Alcoholic; EXTRACTUM ERGOTae ALCOHOLIc.u.m, L.) See ERGOTINE (Wigger's).

=Extract of Eucalyptus Globulus.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM EUCALYPTI GLOBULI.

(Griffith.) _Prep._ Eucalyptus leaves cut at will. Distil the volatile oil with water; exhaust the residue in the still with water, prepare an extract, exhaust this with alcohol, evaporate to the consistence of an extract, and, while cooling, stir in the volatile oil.--_Dose_, 2 gr. to 8 gr.

=Extract of Fern.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM FILICIS 1IQUIDUM--B. P. see EXTRACT OF MALE FERN.

=Extract of Fleabane (Canadian).= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM ERIGERONIS. _Prep._ 1.

From Canadian fleabane, by evaporating an aqueous infusion.--_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.

2. (EXTRACTUM ERIGERONTIS CANADENSIS FLUIDUM--Ph. U. S.) Canadian erigeron in moderately coa.r.s.e powder, 16 oz. (troy); rectified spirit, 16 oz. (old measure). Proceed as for fluid extract of cubebs (Ph. U. S.).