Contemporary American History, 1877-1913 Part 20

-----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ YEAR OF CANDIDATES POLIT- ELEC- ELEC- FOR ICAL POPULAR TORAL TION PRESIDENT STATES PARTY VOTE PLURALITY VOTE -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ 1876 Samuel J. Tilden N. Y. Dem. 4,284,885 250,935 184 Rutherford B. Hayes* O. Rep. 4,033,950 185 Peter Cooper N. Y. Gre'nb 81,740 Green Clay Smith Ky. Pro. 9,522 James B. Walker Ill. Amer. 2,636 -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ 1880 James A. Garfield* O. Rep. 4,449,053 7,018 214 W. S. Hanc.o.c.k Pa. Dem. 4,442,035 155 James B. Weaver Iowa Gre'nb 307,306 Neal Dow Me. Pro. 10,305 John W. Phelps Vt. Amer. 707 -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ 1884 Grover Cleveland* N. Y. Dem. 4,911,017 62,683 219 James G. Blaine Me. Rep. 4,848,334 182 John P. St. John Kan. Pro. 151,809 Benjamin F. Butler Ma.s.s. Gre'nb 133,825 P. D. Wigginton Cal. Amer. -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ 1888 Grover Cleveland N. Y. Dem. 5,440,216 168 Benjamin Harrison* Ind. Rep. 5,538,233 98,017 233 Clinton B. Fisk N. J. Pro. 249,907 Alson J. Streeter Ill. U. L. 148,105 R. H. Cowdry Ill. U'd L. 2,808 James L. Curtis N. Y. Amer. 1,591 -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ 1892 Grover Cleveland* N. Y. Dem. 5,556,918 380,810 277 Benjamin Harrison Ind. Rep. 5,176,108 145 James B. Weaver Iowa Peop. 1,041,028 22 John Bidwell Cal. Pro. 264,133 Simon Wing Ma.s.s. Soc L. 21,164 -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ 1896 William McKinley* O. Rep. 7,104,779 601,854 271 William J. Bryan Neb. Dem. } 6,502,925 170 William J. Bryan Neb. Peop.} Joshua Levering Md. Pro. 132,007 John M. Palmer Ill. N Dem. 133,148 Charles H. Matchett N. Y. Soc L. 30,274 Charles E. Bentley Neb. Nat. 13,969 -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ 1900 William McKinley* O. Rep. 7,207,923 849,790 292 William J. Bryan Neb. Dem P. 6,358,133 155 John G. Woolley Ill. Pro. 208,914 Wharton Barker Pa. MP. 50,373 Eugene V. Debs Ind. Soc D. 87,815 Jos. F. Malloney Ma.s.s. Soc L. 39,739 J. F. R. Leonard Ia. UC. 1,059 Seth H. Ellis O. UR. 5,698 -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ 1904 Theodore Roosevelt* N. Y. Rep. 7,623,486 2,545,515 336 Alton B. Parker N. Y. Dem. 5,077,911 140 Eugene V. Debs Ind. Soc. 402,283 Silas C. Swallow Pa. Pro. 258,536 Thomas E. Watson Ga. Peop. 117,183 Charles H. Corrigan N. Y. Soc L. 31,249 -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ 1908 William H. Taft* O. Rep. 7,678,908 1,269,804 321 William J. Bryan Neb. Dem. 6,409,104 162 Eugene V. Debs Ind. Soc. 420,793 Eugene W. Chafin Ariz. Pro. 253,840 Thomas E. Watson Ga. Peo. 29,100 August Gillhaus N. Y. Soc L. 13,825 Thos. L. Hisgen Ma.s.s. Ind. 82,872 -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+ 1912 Woodrow Wilson* N. J. Dem. 6,292,718 2,235,289 435 William H. Taft O. Rep. 3,369,221 15 Theodore Roosevelt N. Y. Prog. 4,057,429 81 Eugene V. Debs Ind. Soc. 812,731 Eugene W. Chafin Ariz. Pro. 170,626 Arthur E. Reimer Ma.s.s. Soc L. 17,312 -----+--------------------+------+------+---------+---------+-----+

-----+---------------------+------+------+----- YEAR OF CANDIDATES POLIT- ELEC- ELEC- FOR ICAL TORAL TION VICE PRESIDENT STATES PARTY VOTE -----+---------------------+------+------+----- 1876 T. A. Hendricks Ind. Dem. 184 William A. Wheeler* N. Y. Rep. 185 Samuel F. Cary O. Gre'nb Gideon T. Stewart O. Pro. D. Kirkpatrick N. Y. Amer. -----+---------------------+------+------+----- 1880 Chester A. Arthur* N. Y. Rep. 214 William H. English Ind. Dem. 155 B. J. Chambers Tex. Gre'nb H. A. Thompson O. Pro. S. C. Pomeroy Kan. Amer. -----+---------------------+------+------+----- 1884 T. A. Hendricks* Ind. Dem. 219 John A. Logan Ill. Rep. 182 William Daniel Md. Pro. A. M. West Miss. Gre'nb -----+---------------------+------+------+----- 1888 Allen G. Thurman O. Dem. 168 Levi P. Morton* N. Y. Rep. 233 John A. Brooks Mo. Pro. C. E. Cunningham Ark. U. L. W. H. T. Wakefield Kan. U'd L. James B. Greer Tenn. Amer. -----+---------------------+------+------+----- 1892 Adlai E. Stevenson* Ill. Dem. 277 Whitelaw Reid N. Y. Rep. 145 James G. Field Va. Peop. 22 James B. Cranfill Tex. Pro. Charles H. Matchett N. Y. Soc L. -----+---------------------+------+------+----- 1896 Garret A. Hobart* N. J. Rep. 271 Arthur Sewall Me. Dem. 149 Thomas E. Watson Ga. Peop. 27 Hale Johnson Ill. Pro. Simon B. Buckner Ky. N Dem. Matthew Maguire N. J. Soc L. James H. Southgate N. C. Nat. -----+---------------------+------+------+----- 1900 Theodore Roosevelt* N. Y. Rep. 292 Adlai E. Stevenson Ill. Dem P. 155 Henry B. Metcalf O. Pro. Ignatius Donnelly Minn. MP. Job Harriman Cal. Soc D. Valentine Rommel Pa. Soc L. John G. Woolley Ill. UC. Samuel T. Nicholson Pa. UR. -----+---------------------+------+------+----- 1904 Charles W. Fairbanks* Ind. Rep. 336 Henry G. Davis W. Va. Dem. 140 Benjamin Hanford N. Y. Soc. George W. Carroll Tex. Pro. Thomas H. Tibbles Neb. Peop. William W. c.o.x Ill. Soc L. -----+---------------------+------+------+----- 1908 James S. Sherman* N. Y. Rep. 321 John W. Kern Ind. Dem. 162 Benjamin Hanford N. Y. Soc. Aaron S. Watkins O. Pro. Samuel Williams Ind. Peo. Donald L. Munro Va. Soc L. John Temple Graves Ga. Ind. -----+---------------------+------+------+----- 1912 Thomas R. Marshall* Ind. Dem. 435 Herbert S. Hadley Mo. Rep. 15 Hiram W. Johnson Cal. Prog. 81 Emil Seidel Wis. Soc. Aaron S. Watkins O. Pro. August Gillhaus N. Y. Soc L. -----+---------------------+------+------+----- * The candidates starred were elected. This table is from the _World Almanac_. The figures are in some cases slightly different from those used in the text, which are taken from Stanwood, _History of the Presidency_.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

_Guide to Literature of Current History_

The best general bibliography for handy use is Channing, Hart, and Turner, _Guide to the Study and Reading of American History_ (new ed.

1912).

G. E. Howard, _Present Political Questions_ (1913)--a valuable syllabus of current questions with discriminating and full bibliographies (published by the University of Nebraska).

The Library of Congress publishes useful bibliographies on special topics of current political and historical interest. A list may be obtained by addressing the Librarian, Washington, D.C.

An important annual review of the current literature of American history is to be found in _Writings on American History_; published by Macmillan, 1906-1908; by the American Historical a.s.sociation, 1909-1911; and now by the Yale University Press.

Excellent topical bibliographies are to be found in each of the volumes in Hart, American Nation Series. The four volumes by Dunning, Sparks, Dewey, and Latane should be consulted for the period here covered.

_General Works_

The best general treatment of the period from 1877 to 1907 is to be found in the four volumes of the American Nation Series edited by A. B.

Hart: W. A. Dunning, _Reconstruction: Political and Economic_; E. E.

Sparks, _National Development, 1877-1885_; D. R. Dewey, _National Problems; 1885-1897_; J. H. Latane, _America as a World Power, 1897-1907_. Each of these volumes contains an excellent bibliography of political and economic materials.

H. T. Peck, _Twenty Years of the Republic_ (1906)--readable work covering the period from Cleveland's first administration to 1905.

Edward Stanwood, _History of the Presidency_ (1896 ed.). A second volume (1912) brings the work down to 1909 and contains the platforms of 1912--useful for political sketches and the platforms and election statistics.

_The American Year Book_, published since 1910, contains an annual survey of American political history and const.i.tutional and social development.

For political and economic matters see the current publications and proceedings of the American Political Science a.s.sociation, the American Economic a.s.sociation, and the American Sociological Society.

_Personal and Biographical Works_

J. P. Altgeld, _Live Questions_ (1890)--valuable for the radical movement within the Democratic party.

F. Bancroft, _Speeches, Correspondence and Political Papers of Carl Schurz_ (1913), 6 vols.

John Bigelow, _Life of Samuel J. Tilden_ (1896).

G. S. Boutwell, _Reminiscences of Sixty Years_ (1902).

Grover Cleveland, _The Independence of the Executive_ (1900); _Presidential Problems_ (1904)--particularly valuable for the Chicago strike and the bond issues; G. F. Parker, _Writings and Speeches of Grover Cleveland_ (1892); A. E. Bergh, _Addresses, State Papers, and Letters of Grover Cleveland_ (1909).

J. A. Garfield, _Currency Speeches in the House, 1868-1870_; B. A.

Hinsdale, _Works of J. A. Garfield_ (1882-1883) 2 vols.; _Great Speeches of J. A. Garfield_ (1881).

Benjamin Harrison, _Public Papers and Addresses_ (Govt. Printing Office, 1893); _This Country of Ours_ (1897)--a popular view of the national government; J. S. Shriver, _Speeches of Benjamin Harrison_ (1891); M. L.

Harrison, _Views of an Ex-President_ [Harrison] (1901).

G. F. h.o.a.r, _Autobiography of Seventy Years_ (1903).

R. M. La Follette, _Autobiography_ (1913)--particularly valuable for the history of the radical movement within the Republican party and the origin of the Progressive party.

Wm. McKinley, _Speeches and Addresses from Election to Congress to the Present Time_ (1893); _Speeches and Addresses, 1897-1900_ (1900); _The Tariff--a Review of Its Legislation from 1812 to 1896_ (1904); J. S.

Ogilvie, _Life and Speeches of McKinley_ (1896).

L. A. Coolidge, _An Old-Fashioned Senator_ [O. H. Platt] (1910).

Thomas C. Platt, _Autobiography_ (1910).

Theodore Roosevelt, _The New Nationalism_ (1910) contains the famous speech on that subject and other essays; _An Autobiography_ (1913)--an intimate view of his political career.

John Sherman, _Recollections of Forty Years_ (1897).

Edward Stanwood, _James G. Blaine_ (1905).

W. H. Taft, _Political Issues and Outlooks_ (1909); _Presidential Addresses and State Papers_ (1910).

Woodrow Wilson, _The New Freedom_ (1913). An edited collection of President Wilson's campaign speeches arranged to exhibit in systematic form his political and economic doctrines.

_Topical Bibliography_

THE ECONOMIC REVOLUTION: Coman, _Economic History of the United States_ (1911 ed.)--several useful chapters on the period since the Civil War; R. T. Ely, _Evolution of Industrial Society_ (1906).

TARIFF: Edward Stanwood, _American Tariff Controversies in the Nineteenth Century_ (1903); F. W. Taussig, _Tariff History of the United States_ (1910 ed.).

FINANCE: See the annual review in the _American Year Book_; D.

R. Dewey, _Financial History of the United States_ (1903); A. B.

Hepburn, _History of Coinage and Currency in the United States_ (1903); J. L. Laughlin, _History of Bimetallism in the United States_ (1897); W.

H. Harvey, _Coin's Financial School_ (1894)--the famous work which did so much to stir up popular sentiment in favor of free silver; W. J.

Bryan, _The First Battle_ (1897)--invaluable for the political aspects of the question.

TRUSTS: I. M. Tarbell, _The History of the Standard Oil Company_ (1904); G. H. Montague, _The Rise and Progress of the Standard Oil Company_ (1903)--more favorable to trusts than the preceding work; H. D. Lloyd, _Wealth against Commonwealth_ (1894)--a critical attack on the evil practices of trusts; J. W. Jenks, _The Trust Problem_ (1905 ed.)--study of the methods and causes of trusts; John Moody, _The Truth about the Trusts_ (1904)--full of valuable historical and statistical data; W. Z. Ripley, _Trusts, Pools, and Corporations_ (1905)--a useful collection of historical and descriptive materials.

RAILWAYS: W. Z. Ripley, _Railroads: Rates and Regulation_ (1913)--a monumental and scholarly treatise; E. R. Johnson, _American Railway Transportation_ (1903); H. S. Haines, _Restrictive Railway Legislation in the United States_ (1905); B. H. Meyer, _Railway Legislation in the United States_ (1903).

CIVIL SERVICE: C. R. Fish, _Civil Service and the Patronage_ (1905, Harvard Studies); L. G. Tyler, _Parties and Patronage_ (1888).

POPULISM: S. J. Buck, _The Granger Movement ... 1870-1880_ (1913, Harvard Studies)--important for all aspects of agrarianism for the period; F. L. McVey, _The Populist Movement_ (1896).

LABOR: R. T. Ely, _The Labor Movement in America_ (1902); T. V.