Bright-sided: How The Relentless Promotion Of Positive Thinking Has Undermined America Part 5

31. Quoted in Carrie M. Lane, "A Company of One: White-Collar Unemployment in a Global Economy," unpublished ms., 131.

32. Quoted in Gaenor Vaida, "The Guru's Guru," Sunday Times Sunday Times (South Africa), July 6, 2003. (South Africa), July 6, 2003.

33. Lloyd Grove, "The Power of Positive Buying; Feeling Unmotivated? This Mug's for You," Washington Post, Washington Post, Dec. 31, 1994. Dec. 31, 1994.

34. [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:_icxqiKivO0J] http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:_icxqiKivO0J; [http://www.workplacecoaching.com/pdf/HistoryofCoaching.pdf+%22history+of+coaching%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us2] www.workplacecoaching.com/pdf/HistoryofCoaching.pdf+%22history+of+coaching%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us2.

35. Richard Reeves, "Let's Get Motivated," Time Time, May 2, 1994.

36. Lloyd Grove, "Power Of Positive Buying."

37. William A. Davis, "Stores Cash in on Selling Success," Boston Globe, Boston Globe, Aug. 1, 1994. Aug. 1, 1994.

38. Rayna Katz, "Planners Face a Different-Looking Future, Reports Say," Meeting News, Meeting News, Sept. 18, 2000, [http://www.allbusiness.com/transportation-communications-electric-gas/42271801.html] http://www.allbusiness.com/transportation-communications-electric-gas/42271801.html. Sept. 18, 2000, [http://www.allbusiness.com/transportation-communications-electric-gas/42271801.html] http://www.allbusiness.com/transportation-communications-electric-gas/42271801.html.

39. [http://www.cprcoaching.com/employee_retention_team_building.html] http://www.cprcoaching.com/employee_retention_team_building.html.

40. Spencer Johnson, Who Moved My Cheese? Who Moved My Cheese? (New York: Putnam, 1998), 35, 71. (New York: Putnam, 1998), 35, 71.

41. Ibid., 57.

42. Jill Andresky Fraser, White-Collar Sweatshop: The Deterioration of Work and Its Rewards in Corporate America White-Collar Sweatshop: The Deterioration of Work and Its Rewards in Corporate America (New York: Norton, 2001), 195. (New York: Norton, 2001), 195.

43. John Balzar, "Losing a Job: From Great Depression to Reinvention, Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles Times, Oct. 20, 1993. Oct. 20, 1993.

44. Lane, "Company of One."

45. Fraser, White-Collar Sweatshop White-Collar Sweatshop, 191, 193.

46. Jennifer M. Howard, "Can Teams Survive Downsizing?", [http://www.qualitydigest.com/may/downsize.html] http://www.qualitydigest.com/may/downsize.html.

47. Paul Solman, "The Right Choice?," PBS Online NewsHour PBS Online NewsHour, March 22, 1996, [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/economy/att_layoffs_3-22.html] http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/economy/att_layoffs_3-22.html.

48. [http://www.thesykesgrp.com/Teamtrg01.htm] http://www.thesykesgrp.com/Teamtrg01.htm.

49. Fraser, White-Collar Sweatshop White-Collar Sweatshop, 19192.

FIVE. G.o.d Wants You to Be Rich 1. Abe Levy, "Megachurches Growing in Number and Size," AP, via [http://SFGate.com] SFGate.com, Feb. 3, 2006, [http://www.religionnewsblog.com/13512/megachurchesgrowinginnumberandsize] http://www.religionnewsblog.com/13512/megachurchesgrowinginnumberandsize.

2. David Van Biema and Jeff Chu, "Does G.o.d Want You to Be Rich?" Time, Time, Sept. 18, 2006, 48. Sept. 18, 2006, 48.

3. Gabriel N. Lischak, "The Rise of the 'Megachurch': A New Phenomenon Is Taking Shape in America-One That Is Radically Redefining the 'Christian Experience,' " Jan. 6, 2006, [http://www.realtruth.org/articles/418-trotm-print.html] http://www.realtruth.org/articles/418-trotm-print.html.

4. [http://www.thechurchreport.com/mag_article.php?mid=875&mname=January] http://www.thechurchreport.com/mag_article.php?mid=875&mname=January.

5. William Lee Miller, "Some Negative Thinking about Norman Vincent Peale," originally published in Reporter Reporter, Jan. 13, 1955, [http://george.loper.org/trends/2005/Aug/955.html] http://george.loper.org/trends/2005/Aug/955.html.

6. Joel Osteen, Your Best Life Now: 7 Steps to Living at Your Full Potential Your Best Life Now: 7 Steps to Living at Your Full Potential (New York: Faith Words, 2004), 183. (New York: Faith Words, 2004), 183.

7. Ted Olsen, "Weblog: Kenneth Hagin, 'Word of Faith' Preacher, Dies at 86," Sept. 1, 2003, [http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2003/septemberweb-only/9-22-11.0.html?start=1] http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2003/septemberweb-only/9-22-11.0.html?start=1.

8. Osteen, Your Best Life Now Your Best Life Now, 5, 101, 41.

9. Ibid., 112.

10. Dennis Voskuil, Mountains into Goldmines: Robert Schuller and the Gospel of Success Mountains into Goldmines: Robert Schuller and the Gospel of Success (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1983), 80. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1983), 80.

11. Chris Lehmann, "Pentecostalism for the Exurbs: Joel Osteen's G.o.d Really Wants You to Dress Well, Stand Up Straight, and Get a Convenient Parking s.p.a.ce," Jan. 2, 2008, [http://www.slate.com/id/2180590/] http://www.slate.com/id/2180590/.

12. Edwene Gaines, The Four Spiritual Laws of Prosperity: A Simple Guide to Unlimited Abundance The Four Spiritual Laws of Prosperity: A Simple Guide to Unlimited Abundance (New York: Rodale, 2005), 88. (New York: Rodale, 2005), 88.

13. D. R. McConnell, A Different Gospel A Different Gospel (Peabody: Hendrickson, 1988). (Peabody: Hendrickson, 1988).

14. Shayne Lee, "Prosperity Theology: T. D. Jakes and the Gospel of the Almighty Dollar," Cross Currents Cross Currents, June 22, 2007, 227.

15. Milmon F. Harrison, "Prosperity Here and Now: Synthesizing New Thought with Charismatic Christianity, the Word of Faith Movement Promises Its Members the Good Life," [http://www.beliefnet.com/Faiths/Christianity/2000/05/Prosperity-Here-And-Now.aspx] http://www.beliefnet.com/Faiths/Christianity/2000/05/Prosperity-Here-And-Now.aspx.

16. Ibid.

17. Van Biema and Chu, "Does G.o.d Want You to Be Rich?," 48.

18. See John Jackson, PastorPreneur: Pastors and Entrepreneurs Answer the Call PastorPreneur: Pastors and Entrepreneurs Answer the Call (Friendswood: Baxter, 2003). (Friendswood: Baxter, 2003).

19. Quoted in Scott Thumma, "Exploring the Megachurch Phenomenon: Their Characteristics and Cultural Context," [http://hirr.hartsem.edu/bookshelf/thumma_article2.html] http://hirr.hartsem.edu/bookshelf/thumma_article2.html.

20. Bill Hybels, "Commentary: Building a Church on Marketing Surveys," excerpted from Christian News Christian News, July 1991, [http://www.rapidnet.com/~jbeard/bdm/exposes/hybels/news.htm] http://www.rapidnet.com/~jbeard/bdm/exposes/hybels/news.htm.

21. Witold Rybczynski, "An Anatomy of Megachurches: The New Look for Places of Worship," Oct. 10, 2005, [http://www.slate.com/id/2127615/] http://www.slate.com/id/2127615/.

22. Frances Fitzgerald, "Come One, Come All: Building a Megachurch in New En gland," New Yorker New Yorker, Dec. 3, 2007, 46; Denis Haack, "Bruce Bezaire: Meticulous Renderings of Glory," [http://ransomfellowship.org/articledetail.asp?AID=21&B=Denis%20Haack&TID=6] http://ransomfellowship.org/articledetail.asp?AID=21&B=Denis%20Haack&TID=6.

23. Quoted in Lischak, "Rise of the 'Megachurch.' "

24. Quoted in Van Biema and Chu, "Does G.o.d Want You to Be Rich?"

25. "Jesus, CEO," Economist Economist, Dec. 20, 2005, [http://www.economist.com/world/unitedstates/PrinterFriendly.cfm?story_id=5323597] http://www.economist.com/world/unitedstates/PrinterFriendly.cfm?story_id=5323597.

26. Felix Salmon, "Market Movers," Jan. 24, 2008, [http://www.portfolio.com/views/blogs/market-movers/2008/01/24/davos-surprise-rick-warren] http://www.portfolio.com/views/blogs/market-movers/2008/01/24/davos-surprise-rick-warren; Malcolm Gladwell, "The Cellular Church: How Rick Warren's Congregation Grew," New Yorker, New Yorker, Sept. 12, 2005, 60. Sept. 12, 2005, 60.

27. Gustav Niebuhr, "Megachurches," New York Times, New York Times, April 18, 1995. April 18, 1995.

28. Osteen, Your Best Life Now Your Best Life Now, 11.

29. Dennis Tourish and Ashly Pinnington, "Transformational Leadership, Corporate Cultism, and the Spirituality Paradigm: An Unholy Trinity in the Workplace?," Human Relations Human Relations 55 (2002): 147. 55 (2002): 147.

30. "Jesus, CEO."

31. Quoted in Voskuil, Mountains into Goldmines Mountains into Goldmines, 78.

32. Osteen, Your Best Life Now Your Best Life Now, 298.

SIX. Positive Psychology: The Science of Happiness 1. Martin E. P. Seligman, Authentic Happiness: Using the New Positive Psychology to Realize Your Potential for Lasting Fulfillment Authentic Happiness: Using the New Positive Psychology to Realize Your Potential for Lasting Fulfillment (New York: The Free Press, 2002), 24; Dorothy Wade, "Happy Yet?," (New York: The Free Press, 2002), 24; Dorothy Wade, "Happy Yet?," Australian Magazine Australian Magazine, Oct. 22, 2005, 39.

2. Strawberry Saroyan, "Happy Days Are Here Again," Elle Elle, Dec. 1998.

3. Quoted in Jennifer Senior, " "Some Dark Thoughts on Happiness," New York New York, July 17, 2006.

4. Robert Biswas-Diener and Ben Dean, Positive Psychology Coaching: Putting the Science of Happiness to Work for Your Clients Positive Psychology Coaching: Putting the Science of Happiness to Work for Your Clients (New York: Wiley, 2007), 12, 31. (New York: Wiley, 2007), 12, 31.

5. John Templeton Foundation, Capabilities Report, 2002, 82.

6. Patrick B. Kavanaugh, Lyle D. Danuloff, Robert E. Erard, Marvin Hyman, and Janet L. Pallas, "Psychology: A Profession and Practice at Risk," July 1994, [http://www.academyprojects.org/lempa1.htm] www.academyprojects.org/lempa1.htm; Ilana DeBare, "Career Coaches Help You Climb to the Top: 'Personal Trainers' for Workers New Fiscal Fitness Craze," San Francisco Chronicle, San Francisco Chronicle, May 4, 1998. May 4, 1998.

7. Seligman, Authentic Happiness Authentic Happiness, ix.

8. Joshua Freedman, "An Interview with Martin E. P. Seligman, Ph.D.," EQ Today EQ Today, Fall 2000 [http://www.eqtoday.com/optimism/seligman.html] http://www.eqtoday.com/optimism/seligman.html.

9. Wade, "Happy Yet?," 39.

10. Ed Diener and Martin E. P. Seligman, "Beyond Money: Toward an Economy of Wellbeing," Psychological Science in the Public Interest Psychological Science in the Public Interest 5, no. 1 (2004). 5, no. 1 (2004).

11. John Lanchester, "Pursuing Happiness: Two Scholars Explore the Fragility of Contentment," New Yorker, New Yorker, Feb. 27, 2006. Feb. 27, 2006.

12. Seligman, Authentic Happiness Authentic Happiness, 39.

13. Ibid., 28, 38, 43, 103.

14. Ibid., 119, 12021.

15. Ibid., 129, 133.

16. Ibid., 45.

17. Ibid., 129.

18. Barbara Held, "The Negative Side of Positive Psychology," Journal of Humanistic Psychology Journal of Humanistic Psychology 44 (Winter 2004): 946. 44 (Winter 2004): 946.

19. Biswas-Diener and Dean, Positive Psychology Coaching Positive Psychology Coaching, 31.

20. Sonja Lyubomirsky, Laura King, and Ed Diener, "The Benefits of Frequent Positive Affect: Does Happiness Lead to Success?," Psychological Bulletin Psychological Bulletin 131 (2005): 80355. 131 (2005): 80355.

21. Mike McGrath, "When Back Pain Starts in Your Head: Is Repressed Anger Causing Your Back Pain?" [http://www.prevention.com/cda/article/when-back-pain-starts-in-your-head/727b7e643f803110VgnVCM10000013281eac____/health/conditions.treatments/back.pain] http://www.prevention.com/cda/article/when-back-pain-starts-in-your-head/727b7e643f803110VgnVCM10000013281eac____/health/conditions.treatments/back.pain.

22. Seligman, Authentic Happiness Authentic Happiness, 3. Deborah D. Danner, David A. Snowdon, and Wallace V. Friesen, "Findings from the Nun Study, University of Kentucky," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 80 (2001): 80413. 80 (2001): 80413.

23. Gina Kolata, "Research Links Writing Style to the Risk of Alzheimer's," New York Times, New York Times, Feb. 21, 1996, [http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/21/us/research-links-writing-style-to-the-risk-of-alzheimers.html?sec=health] http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/21/us/research-links-writing-style-to-the-risk-of-alzheimers.html?sec=health. Feb. 21, 1996, [http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/21/us/research-links-writing-style-to-the-risk-of-alzheimers.html?sec=health] http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/21/us/research-links-writing-style-to-the-risk-of-alzheimers.html?sec=health.

24. LeeAnne Harker and Dacher Keltner, "Expressions of Positive Emotion in Women's College Yearbook Pictures and Their Relationship to Personality and Life Outcomes across Adulthood," University of California, Berkeley, [http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~keltner/publications/harker.jpsp.2001.pdf] http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~keltner/publications/harker.jpsp.2001.pdf; Jeremy Freese, Sheri Meland, and William Irwin, "Expressions of Positive Emotion in Photographs, Personality, and Later-Life Marital and Health Outcomes," Journal of Research in Personality Journal of Research in Personality, 2006, [http://www.jeremyfreese.com/docs/FreeseMelandIrwin%20-%20JRP%20-%20ExpressionsPositiveEmotionInPhotographs.pdf] http://www.jeremyfreese.com/docs/FreeseMelandIrwin%20-%20JRP%20-%20ExpressionsPositiveEmotionInPhotographs.pdf.

25. Glenn V. Ostir, Kenneth J. Ottenbacher, and Kyriakos S. Markides, "Onset of Frailty in Older Adults and the Protective Role of Positive Affect," Psychology and Aging Psychology and Aging 19 (2004): 4028. 19 (2004): 4028.

26. Seligman, Authentic Happiness Authentic Happiness, 40.

27. James Coyne et al., "Emotional Well-Being Does Not Predict Survival in Head and Neck Cancer Patients," Cancer, Cancer, Dec. 1, 2007; Merritt McKinney, "Optimism Doesn't Improve Lung Cancer Survival," Dec. 1, 2007; Merritt McKinney, "Optimism Doesn't Improve Lung Cancer Survival," Reuters Health, Reuters Health, Feb. 9, 2004. Feb. 9, 2004.

28. See, for example, L. B. Kubansky and I. Kawachi, "Going to the Heart of the Matter: Do Negative Emotions Cause Coronary Heart Disease?," Journal of Psychosomatic Research Journal of Psychosomatic Research 48 (2000): 32337. 48 (2000): 32337.

29. Held, "Negative Side of Positive Psychology."

30. Ibid.

31. Melissa Healy, "Truth Is, It's Best If They Know," Oct. 30, 2006, [http://www.latimes.com/features/health/la-he-realists30oct30,0,141646.story?coll=lahomehealth] http://www.latimes.com/features/health/la-he-realists30oct30,0,141646.story?coll=lahomehealth.

32. Derek M. Isaacowitz, with M. E. P. Seligman, "Is Pessimistic Explanatory Style a Risk Factor for Depressive Mood among Community-Dwelling Older Adults?," Behaviour Research and Therapy Behaviour Research and Therapy 39 (2001): 25572. 39 (2001): 25572.

33. Mary Duenwald, "Power of Positive Thinking Extends, It Seems, to Aging," New York Times New York Times, Nov. 19, 2002.

34. Ibid.

35. Quoted in B. Held, "The 'Virtues' of Positive Psychology," Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 25 (2005): 134. 25 (2005): 134.

36. Sarah D. Pressman and Sheldon Cohen, "Does Positive Affect Influence Health?" Psychological Bulletin Psychological Bulletin 131 (2005): 92571. 131 (2005): 92571.

37. [http://esi-topics.com/fbp/2007/june07-Pressman_Cohen.html] http://esi-topics.com/fbp/2007/june07-Pressman_Cohen.html.

38. Seligman, Authentic Happiness Authentic Happiness, 40; Suzanne C. Segerstrom, "Optimism, Goal Conflict, and Stressor-Related Immune Change," Journal of Behavioral Medicine Journal of Behavioral Medicine 24, no. 5 (2001). 24, no. 5 (2001).

39. Susan Ferraro, "Never a Cloudy Day: The Link between Optimism and Good Health," New York Daily News New York Daily News, June 17, 2002.

40. [http://www.templeton.org/capabilities_2004/pdf/the_joy_of_giving.pdf] http://www.templeton.org/capabilities_2004/pdf/the_joy_of_giving.pdf.

41. [http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/washington/2008/10/a-big-donor-goe.html] http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/washington/2008/10/a-big-donor-goe.html.

42. John Templeton Foundation, Form 990, 2005.

43. John Templeton Foundation, Capabilities Report, 2006, 77.

44. Freedman, interview with Martin E. P. Seligman.

45. Jane Mayer, "The Experiment: The Military Trains People to Withstand Interrogation. Are Those Methods Being Misused at Guantanamo?" New Yorker, New Yorker, July 11, 2005, 60. July 11, 2005, 60.

46. David Montgomery, "A Happiness Gap: Doomacrats and Republigrins," Washington Post Washington Post, Oct. 24, 2008.

47. Daniel Gilbert, Stumbling on Happiness Stumbling on Happiness (New York: Vintage, 2007), 243. (New York: Vintage, 2007), 243.

48. Biswas-Diener and Dean, Positive Psychology Coaching Positive Psychology Coaching, 229.

49. Sam Fulwood III, "Poised for Joy: Life Coaches Teach How to Be Happy," Cleveland Plain Dealer Cleveland Plain Dealer, Feb. 9, 2008.