A Brief Commentary on the Apocalypse Part 23

Responding to the command, are heard the voices of much people in heaven,

Rejoicing Over Babylon's Destruction.

"And after this, I heard a loud voice of a mighty crowd in heaven, saying, Praise ye Jehovah! The salvation, and the glory, and the power of our G.o.d! For true and righteous are his judgments; for he hath judged the great harlot, who corrupted the earth with her fornication, and hath avenged the blood of his servants at her hand! And again they said, Praise ye Jehovah! And her smoke ascendeth for ever and ever. And the twenty-four elders and the four living beings fell down and worshipped G.o.d, who sat on the throne, saying, So be it! Praise ye Jehovah!" Rev. 19:1-4.

Daniel, in vision, saw the same persecuting power symbolized by a "Little Horn," having "eyes like the eyes of a man and a mouth speaking great things;" and he beheld, "and the same Horn made war with the saints, and prevailed against them, until the Ancient of days came, and judgment was given to the saints of the Most High, and the time came that the saints possessed the kingdom," Dan. 7:8, 21, 22. And Paul testified of "that Wicked" who was to be revealed, that he was the "Man of Sin," "whom the Lord shall consume with the spirit of his mouth, and shall destroy with the brightness of his coming," 2 Thess. 2:3-8. The destruction of that which was thus symbolized and predicted, must, consequently, be at the epoch of Christ's second coming and of the establishment of the kingdom of G.o.d.

It is also at the epoch antic.i.p.ated by "the souls of them that were slain for the word of G.o.d and for the testimony which they held," who, from under the altar, on the opening of the "fifth seal," "cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?" 6:9, 10. The epoch which they antic.i.p.ated not having then arrived, "white robes were given unto every one of them; and it was said unto them, that they should rest yet for a little season, until their fellow servants also, and their brethren that should be killed as they were, should be fulfilled"

(6:11),-_i.e._, till their number should be filled up. As the destruction of that hierarchy, in which "was found the blood of prophets and of saints and of all that were slain upon the earth" (18:24), had just been symbolized (in the 18th chap.), and as these rejoicings are because G.o.d "hath judged the great wh.o.r.e which did corrupt the earth with her fornication, and hath avenged the blood of his servants at her hand"

(19:2), it follows that the epoch here symbolized is that to which the saints were to wait, and that they are now to be crowned with their reward.

As the destruction of Babylon is a little anterior to that of the beast and false prophet (19:20), and is to be destroyed by the brightness of Christ's coming (2 Thess. 2:8), at a time when the kingdom is to be given to the saints of the Most High (Dan. 7:22), it explains how it is that the kingdom is set up in the days of the kings symbolized by the divided toes of Nebuchadnezzar's image: symbolic of the same as the horns of the beast in Dan. 7:7, 24, and Rev. 17:3, 12, 16; for "in the days of these kings shall the G.o.d of heaven set up a kingdom which shall never be destroyed, and the kingdom shall not be left to other people, but it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it shall stand forever," Dan.

2:44.

The kingdom is therefore commenced previous to the descent of the Lord to the earth, by the saints being caught up to meet him in the air. "For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel and the trump of G.o.d; and the dead in Christ shall rise first; then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord," 1 Thess. 4:16, 17.

This epoch, then, is that of the sounding of the seventh trumpet; for "in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he shall begin to sound, the mystery of G.o.d shall be finished, as he hath declared to his servants the prophets," 10:7. This mystery Paul thus explains: "Now this I say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of G.o.d, neither doth corruption inherit incorruption. Behold, I show you a mystery: We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, _at the last trump_: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed," 1 Cor.

15:50-54. This "saying" was thus written by Isaiah,-"He will swallow up death in victory; and the Lord G.o.d will wipe away tears from off all faces; and the rebuke of his people shall he take away from off all the earth; for the Lord hath spoken it. And it shall be said in that day, Lo, this is our G.o.d; we have waited for him, and he will save us: this is the Lord; we have waited for him, we will be glad and rejoice in his salvation," Isa. 25:8, 9. It follows, then, that the voices heard in heaven, shouting "Alleluia," and ascribing "salvation, and glory, and honor, and power, unto the Lord our G.o.d" (v. 1), synchronize with those heard when "the seventh angel sounded: and there were great voices in heaven, saying, The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord, and of his Christ; and he shall reign for ever and ever.-And the four and twenty elders, which sat before G.o.d on their seats, fell upon their faces and worshipped G.o.d, saying, We give thee thanks, O Lord G.o.d Almighty, which art, and wast, and art to come; because thou hast taken to thee thy great power, and hast reigned: And the nations were angry, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that thou shouldest give reward unto thy servants the prophets, and to the saints, and them that fear thy name, small and great; and shouldest destroy them which destroy the earth," Rev. 11:15-18.

The time of the dead being come that they should be judged, and the saints rewarded, is another evidence that this epoch is that of the second advent and kingdom of Christ, "who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and kingdom," 2 Tim. 4:1. Consequently it must synchronize with that of:

The Marriage of the Lamb.

"And a voice came from the throne saying, Praise our G.o.d, all ye his servants, and ye that fear him, both the small and the great!

And I heard a voice like that of a great crowd, and like the voice of many waters, and like the voice of mighty thunders, saying, Praise ye Jehovah! for the Lord G.o.d Almighty reigneth. Let us rejoice and exult, and give glory up him: for the marriage of the Lamb hath come, and his wife hath prepared herself! And it was granted to her to be arrayed in fine linen, clean and white: (for the fine linen is the righteousness of the saints.) And he saith to me, Write, Happy are those called to the marriage-supper of the Lamb. And he saith to me, These are the true words of G.o.d. And I fell before his feet to worship him. And he saith to me, See thou do it not: I am thy fellow-servant and one of thy brethren, who have the testimony of Jesus: worship G.o.d: for the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy." Rev. 19:5-10.

The marriage of the Lamb is at the epoch when "the kingdoms of this world are to become our Lord's and his Christ's"-when the Lord G.o.d Almighty takes to himself his great power and reigns, 11:15, 17. Therefore, in connection, are heard the mighty thunderings, saying, "Alleluia; for the Lord G.o.d Omnipotent reigneth," 9:16. This scripture, then, corresponds with that in Matt. 24:30, 31, when "they shall see the Son of Man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory; and he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other." For, "when the Son of Man shall come in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory: and before him shall be gathered all nations: and he shall separate them one from another as a shepherd divideth his sheep from the goats-the one on his right hand and the other on his left," Matt. 25:31, 32. Those on his right, we learn from 1 Cor. 15:51, and 1 Thess. 4:16, 17, are the elect, gathered by the angels from all parts under heaven, who are caught up to meet the Lord in the air-and those on the left are consequently the living wicked, who are to be slain by the sword which proceedeth out of the mouth of the Lamb, 19:21.

_The wife_ who "hath made herself ready," is shown by the foregoing scriptures to be, undoubtedly, the church triumphant-the redeemed, who have been raised out from among the dead, and the living saints, caught up together to meet the Lord in the air; to welcome him in his coming to reign. These const.i.tute the bride, the Lamb's wife; for as "the husband is the head of the wife," even so "Christ is the head of the church," Eph.

5:23. He "loved the church, and gave himself for it, that he might sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word, that he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having spot or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish," Eph.

5:25-27. This accords with G.o.d's ancient promises to his people. Thus Isaiah saith: "Thy Maker is thy husband; the Lord of hosts is his name, and thy Redeemer the Holy One of Israel: the Lord of the whole earth shall he be called," Isa. 54:5. Also Hosea: "And it shall be at that day, saith the Lord, that thou shalt call me Ishi," my husband; "and shalt call me no more Baali," my Lord. "And I will betroth thee unto me in righteousness, and in judgment, and in loving kindness, and in mercies. I will even betroth thee unto me in faithfulness; and thou shalt know the Lord," Hos.

2:16, 19. Thus is the church "espoused to one husband," to be presented "as a chaste virgin to Christ," 2 Cor. 11:2.

The epoch of this presentation being here symbolized, it synchronizes with that part of the parable of the "ten virgins which took their lamps and went forth to meet the Bridegroom," when, the Bridegroom having come, "they that were ready went in with him to the marriage, and the door was shut"-those left without, afterwards crying in vain for admittance, Matt.

25:10. The wife had been made ready by its having been "granted that she should be arrayed in fine linen, clean and white-[_mar._ 'bright']; for the fine linen is the righteousness of the saints," 19:8. Such were the "white robes" given to those who cried from under the altar (6:11), and who afterwards, at an epoch synchronizing with the marriage of the Lamb, appeared, "a great mult.i.tude which no man could number, of all nations, and kindreds, and people, and tongues," who "stood before the throne, and before the Lamb, clothed with white robes, and palms in their hands, and cried with a loud voice, saying, Salvation to our G.o.d which sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb," 7:9, 10. These were they of whom one of the elders asked, saying, "What are these which are arrayed in white robes? and whence came they?" and who was answered: "These are they which came out of great tribulation, and have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb. Therefore are they before the throne of G.o.d, and serve him day and night in his temple: and he that sitteth on the throne shall dwell among them. They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more; neither shall the sun light on them, nor any heat. For the Lamb which is in the midst of the throne shall feed them, and shall lead them unto living fountains of waters; and G.o.d shall wipe away all tears from their eyes," 7:13-17. These had complied with the condition to the promise: "He that overcometh, the same shall be clothed in white raiment; and I will not blot out his name out of the book of life, but I will confess his name before the Father and before his holy angels," 3:5.

"These are they which follow the Lamb whithersoever he goeth. These were redeemed from among men, being the first fruits unto G.o.d and to the Lamb,"

14:4.

"Blessed are they which are called unto the marriage supper of the Lamb,"

19:9. Truly are they blessed; for "they shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more; neither shall the sun light on them, nor any heat," 7:16.

They attain the promised blessing: "Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrection," 20:6. "And G.o.d shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain: for the former things are pa.s.sed away," 21:4. So entranced was the apocalyptic seer at these symbols of the glorified redeemed, that he fell at his feet to worship the angel who showed him these things. But his fellow servant shrank back from the reception of homage, and pointed to G.o.d as the only object of adoration.

The union of the saints to Christ in the clouds of heaven being symbolized, they receive the gracious welcome: "Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world," Matt. 25:34. But first it is necessary to redeem the "purchased possession" (Eph. 1:14), to reconquer the revolted province, which, since the fall, has been subject to "the G.o.d of this world" (2 Cor. 4:4), the "prince of the power of the air" (Eph. 2:2), to rescue it from the dominion of the usurper, and deliver it from its present mis-rule "up to G.o.d the Father" (1 Cor. 15:24), who will bestow it on One who is worthy to wear its crown. For when Daniel saw that "the judgment was set and the books were opened," he also "saw in the night visions, and, behold, one like the Son of man came in the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him; and there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations and languages, should serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pa.s.s away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed," Dan. 7:10, 13, 14. He comes, then, to dispossess the usurper, and to take possession of his kingdom. The next representation, then, symbolizes the coming of:

The King and his Armies.

"And I saw heaven opened, and behold, a white horse: and he who sat on him was called Faithful and True, and in righteousness he judgeth and maketh war. His eyes were like a flame of fire, and on his head were many diadems; and he had a name written which no one knew except himself. And he was clothed with a garment dipped in blood: and his name is called The Word of G.o.d. And the armies in heaven followed him on white horses, clothed in fine linen, white and clean. And from his mouth goeth forth a sharp sword, that he may smite the nations with it: and he will rule them with a rod of iron: and he treadeth the wine-press of the furious wrath of G.o.d, the Almighty. And he hath on his garment and on his thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS." Rev. 19:11-16.

According to the significance of symbolic language, Christ is here represented as coming personally. The heavens open and he appears in resplendent majesty, in accordance with the predictions respecting his second advent. When the clouds of heaven had received the ascending Saviour, the shining ones who stood by said to the gazing disciples, "This same Jesus which is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come in like manner as ye have seen him go into heaven," Acts 1:11. "And they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory,"

Matt. 24:30. "Behold, he cometh with clouds; and every eye shall see him, and they also which pierced him: and all kindreds of the earth shall wail because of him," Rev. 1:7.

The white horse of the King, and those of his armies, are symbols of the pomp and grandeur of their descent, and show that they will triumph in victory.

The names ascribed to the descending Monarch are applicable only to Christ. He was "the Faithful and True Witness" who commanded John to write "to the angel of the church of the Laodiceans," (3:14); for he who commanded John to "write in a book and send it unto the seven churches" of Asia (1:11), was the One whom John saw "in the midst of the seven candlesticks, like unto the Son of man" (1:13), and who announced himself as "the Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the ending, saith the Lord, which is, and which was, and which is to come-the Almighty," 1:8. "The Word of G.o.d," was the "Word" that was "in the beginning," that "was with G.o.d," and that "was G.o.d," the same that was "in the beginning with G.o.d,"

and which "was made flesh and dwelt among us, and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth,"

John 1:1-14. Jesus is "the Lamb of G.o.d which taketh away the sin of the world," (_Ib._, 29); and "the Lamb" "is Lord of lords and King of kings,"

17:14. It is "Jesus Christ, who is the faithful witness, and the first begotten of the dead, and the Prince of the kings of the earth," (1:5); and he alone is possessed of that incomprehensible "Name" which no man knoweth, and which he hath promised to write on "him that overcometh,"

3:12.

That the visible and personal coming of Christ, and not any providential interposition, is here symbolized, is self-evident. For, while no created object can adequately symbolize Him, it would derogate from the dignity of his character and position to be a symbol of some inferior object. In all mere providential interpositions, foreshown by symbolic imagery, the predicted events are represented by corresponding acts of symbolic agents.

War between nations is symbolized by beasts, representatives of the nations, contending with each other. (See Dan. 8th chap.) Pestilence and famine are symbolized by a.n.a.logous results, and not by Christ's appearing.

When, therefore, he is seen coming in person, it must symbolize his personal advent.

His eyes "as a flame of fire," show his ident.i.ty with the one "like unto the Son of man" in the "midst of the seven candlesticks" (1:13), the author of the message to "the church in Thyatira;" which "things saith the Son of G.o.d, who hath his eyes like unto a flame of fire, and his feet like unto fine bra.s.s," 2:18.

His "many crowns" are symbols of his sovereignty. Rome undivided and mistress of the world, when symbolized by the seven-headed and ten-horned dragon, is represented with the crowns on the heads, which were the seven successive kinds of government by which its sovereignty was enforced, 12:3, and 17:9, 10. But when its imperial had given place to its decem-regal form, and it is to be shown under the government of ten contemporaneous kingdoms, "the crowns," the symbols of sovereignty, are represented as encircling the "horns" of the beast, 13:1. So, when "the King of kings" cometh, to take to himself his great power, and to reign, and "the kingdoms of this world are become those of our Lord and of his Christ" (11:15, 17), He, "the head of all princ.i.p.ality and power" (Col.

2:10), at whose name "every knee should bow" (Phil. 2:9), is shown the wearer of "many crowns."

"Come, then, and, added to thy many crowns, Receive yet one, the crown of all the Earth, Thou who alone art worthy! It was thine By ancient covenant, ere nature's birth; And thou hast made it thine by purchase since, And overpaid its value with thy blood."

_Cowper's Task._

His "vesture dipped in blood" is symbolic of his coming to tread "the wine-press of the fierceness and wrath of Almighty G.o.d" (19:15), when he shall "smite the nations," and "rule them with a rod of iron," (_Ib._) Thus Isaiah prophesied: "Who is this that cometh from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah? this that is glorious in his apparel, travelling in the greatness of his strength? I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save. Wherefore art thou red in thine apparel, and thy garments like him that treadeth in the wine-fat? I have trodden the wine-press alone; and of the people there was none with me: for I will tread them in mine anger, and trample them in my fury; and their blood shall be sprinkled upon my garments, and I will stain all my raiment. For the day of vengeance is in my heart, and the year of my redeemed is come. And I looked, and there was none to help; and I wondered that there was none to uphold: therefore mine own arm brought salvation unto me; and my fury, it upheld me. And I will tread down the people in mine anger, and make them drunk in my fury, and I will bring down their strength to the earth," Isa. 63:1-6.

The "armies" which follow him, symbolize the attending saints and angels who will accompany his advent. They are all "clothed in fine linen, white and clean," which const.i.tuted the wedding garments of those who were called to the marriage-supper of the Lamb, and which was worn by those who had washed their robes, and made them white in his blood, (7:14); "for the fine linen is the righteousness of saints," 19:8. The righteous being caught up in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air (1 Thess. 4:17), "when Christ, who is our life shall appear," they will "appear with him in glory," (Col. 3:4); so that "the Lord my G.o.d shall come and all the saints with thee," Zech. 14:5. "Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousand of his saints, to execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are unG.o.dly among them of all their unG.o.dly deeds which they have unG.o.dly committed, and of all their hard speeches which unG.o.dly sinners have spoken against him," Jude 14, 15.

Not only saints, but angels also, will attend his coming. For "when the Son of man shall come in his glory," there will be "all the holy angels with him," Matt. 25:31. "He cometh in the glory of his Father, with the holy angels," Mark 8:38. "The Lord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with his mighty angels," 2 Thess. 1:7.

The "sharp sword," going out of his mouth, must be a symbol of his word.

He speaks, and it is done, Psa. 33:9. "For the word of G.o.d is quick and powerful, and sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart," Heb. 4:12. As "he shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked," (Isa. 11:4); and as "the Lord shall consume" "that Wicked" one "with the spirit of his mouth" (2 Thess. 2:8), it follows that the sword proceeding out of his mouth is a symbol of the words he shall speak for their destruction; for with it he smites the nations, 19:15. And this he does when he comes to "rule them with a rod of iron" (_Ib._) and tread them in "the wine-press" of the wrath of G.o.d. This brings us to the object of his coming, which is to "judge and make war,"

19:11.

And first, "To judge." This proves, that Christ's second advent is here symbolized; for, as before quoted, he is to "judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and kingdom," 2 Tim. 4:1. This is at the sounding of the seventh trumpet, for then is "the time of the dead that they should be judged," 11:18. "With righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth," when he "shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked," Isa. 11:4. "Let the heavens rejoice, and let the earth be glad; let the sea roar, and the fulness thereof. Let the field be joyful, and all that is therein: then shall all the trees of the wood rejoice before the Lord: for he cometh to judge the earth: he shall judge the world with righteousness, and the people with truth," Psa. 96:11-13. He cometh "to execute judgment upon all," Jude 15.

To "make war." That this is another object of his coming, is shown by: