Trees of Indiana Part 31

[43] Brown: Trees of Fountain County, Ind. Geol. Rept. Vol. 11:123:1882.

[44] Sargent: Notes on North American Trees. Bot. Gaz. Vol. 65:427:1918.

[45] Bot. Gaz. Vol. 67:217-229:1919.

[46] Hill: Notes on Celtis pumila, etc. Bul. Torrey Club: Vol:27:496-505:1900.

[47] Bot. Gaz. Vol. 67:228-229:1919.

[48] Garden & Forest 9:375:1896.

[49] =Morus alba= Linnaeus. White Mulberry. A small crooked tree; leaves ovate, sometimes lobed, blades 6-13 cm. long, cordate at the base, acute at apex, at maturity glabrous above and glabrous beneath or with some hairs on the veins and in the axils of the veins; fruit subglobose or oblong, 1-2 cm. long, white to pinkish. This is an introduced tree and has been reported as an escape in many parts of the State, especially by the older botanists. =Morus alba= variety =tatarica= Loudon, the Russian mulberry, has been reported as an escape. The writer has seen single specimens as an escape in woods in Ca.s.s and Marshall Counties. It can be distinguished by practically all of the leaves being more or less lobed and the reddish fruit. This form was introduced into the United States in great numbers about fifty years ago by the Mennonites. It was especially recommended by nurserymen for fence posts and it has been planted to some extent in Indiana, but it cannot be recommended. It grows too slowly and is too crooked to compensate for any lasting qualities the wood may have. =Morus nigra= has been reported from Indiana by Phinney, Brown and McCaslin as a forest tree. Since this is an introduced tree, and is not supposed to be hardy in our area, their reports should be transferred to some other species.

[50] Amer. Midland Naturalist Vol. 3:347:1914.

[51] Contributed by W. W. Eggleston, Bureau Plant Industry, Washington, D.C.

[52] Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. 1917:445:1918.

[53] Higley and Raddin: Flora of Cook County Illinois and a part of Lake County Indiana. Bul. Chic. Acad. Sci. Vol. 2:33:1891.

[54] Trans. Ill. Acad. Science, 1916:132.

[55] Amer. Nat. 6:660:1872.

[56] Rept. Ind. Geol. Surv. 12:208:1883.

[57] Ind. Geol. Rept. 16:169:1889.

[58] Plant World 7:252:1904.

[59] Thomas' Western Travels, page 111:1819.

[60] Drake in Picture of Cincinnati, page 83, 1815.

[61] Bot. Gaz. Vol. 67:233:1919.

[62] S. Coulter: Size of some trees of Jefferson County, Ind. Bot. Gaz.

Vol. 1:10:1875. He says: "Fifty trees were measured at three feet above the ground with an average diameter of 2 ft. and 9 inches. An equal number of _aesculus octandra_ were measured at the same height from the ground with an average diameter of 2 ft. and 9 inches."

[63] Drake: Picture of Cincinnatus:79:1815.

[64] Young: Botany of Jefferson County, Ind. Geo. Surv. Ind. Rept.

2:255:1871.

[65] Sargent: Notes on North American Trees. Bot. Gaz. Vol. 66:421-438 and 494-511:1918.

[66] Wadmond: Flora of Racine and Kenosha Counties. Trans. Wis. Acad.

Sci. Vol. 16:857:1909. The author says: "Two trees near Berryville, the only known trees of this species in the State."

[67] In 1918 I measured a specimen near Yankeetown in Warrick County that had a clear bole of 3 meters (10 feet), and a circ.u.mference of 11 dm. (40 inches) b.h.

[68] Bot. Gaz. Vol. 67:241-242:1919.

[69] Rhodora Vol. 14:192:1912.

[70] Sterrett: Utilization of Ash. U. S. Dept. Agri. Bul. 523:1917.

[71] Sterrett: Utilization of Ash, U. S. Dept. Agri. Bul. 523:1917.

[72] Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. 1900:141:1901.

[73] Manual Public Schools Clark County, Ind. 1878-9, page 62.

[74] Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. 1917:403:1918.

[75] Rept. Geol. Surv. Ind. 7:562:1876.

[76] Rept. Geol. Surv. Ind. 16:168:1889.

[77] Rept. Geol. Surv. Ind. 24:617:1900.

[78] Sci. Bul. Chic. Acad. Vol. 2:148:1891.

[79] Ind. Geol. Rept. 11:148:1881.

[80] Blatchley's, Mss. Flora of Monroe County, Ind. June 1887.

[81] Bul. Brockville Nat. Hist. Soc. No. 1:38:1885

[82] Amer. Midland Nat. Vol. 3:222:1914.

[83] It is said that this list and that of Hobb's list of trees of Parke county were prepared by obtaining from farmers a list of the common names of the trees to which they attached botanical names.

[84] Sargent in a letter to the author.

[85] Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 17:415.

[86] American Midland Naturalist 3:320:1914.

[87] Ind. Geol. Rept. 11:148:1881.

[88] Ind. Geol. Rept. 11:123:1882.

[89] Ind. Geol. Rept. 12:174:1883.

[90] Adapted from Sargent's "Trees of North America."