The Recent Mammals Of Tamaulipas, Mexico Part 9

Big Fruit-eating Bat

1897. _Artibeus palmarum_ J. A. Allen and Chapman, Bull.

Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9:16, February 26, type from Botanical Gardens at Port of Spain, Trinidad.

1949. _A[rtibeus]. l[ituratus]. palmarum_, Hershkovitz, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 99:447, May 10.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Tropical region in southern part of state.

Two specimens from the Rio Sabinas were taken in a mist net placed across the small, crevicelike entrance to a cave. Ten pregnant females taken in late May each contained a single embryo; average crown-rump length of the 10 embryos was 43 (35-55) mm.

Tamaulipan specimens of _lituratus_ do not differ appreciably in color from topotypes except that the facial stripes are narrow and, in three individuals, poorly marked. Lukens and Davis (1957:9) reported that females from Guerrero were paler than the males, but the male examined in this study does not differ in color from the females seen.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 15: Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 6 mi. N Gomez Farias, 300 ft., 13; cave at headwaters of Rio Sabinas, 10 km. N, 8 km. W El Encino, 400 ft., 2.

=Artibeus toltecus= (Saussure)

Toltec Fruit-eating Bat

1860. _Stenoderma toltecus_ Saussure, Revue et Mag. Zool., Paris, ser. 2, 12:427, October, type from Mexico. Type locality restricted to Mirador, Veracruz, by Hershkovitz, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 99:449, May 10, 1949.

1908. _Artibeus toltecus_, Andersen, Proc. Zool. Soc.

London, p. 296, April 7.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Probably lowlands of southern part of state; known presently only from Rancho Pano Ayuctle.

_Artibeus toltecus_ is closely related to another species, _A.

aztecus_, that occurs also in Tamaulipas. Externally, _toltecus_ differs from _aztecus_ in being smaller and darker; cranially, _toltecus_ also is the smaller and the P2 and M2 are more angular lingually than in _aztecus_, in which the teeth are rounded. One of the most important differences between these two species is that they occur at different alt.i.tudes. Davis (1958:165) reported that _toltecus_ occurred at elevations below 5000 feet at more southerly localities in Mexico, whereas _aztecus_ occurred above 5000 feet. In Tamaulipas the two species probably have parallel distributions from south to north but _A. toltecus_ is known from Rancho Pano Ayuctle at an elevation of 300 feet in rain forest, whereas _A. aztecus_ is known from Rancho del Cielo at an elevation of 3300 feet in cloud forest. The two localities are only four miles apart.

One of the specimens examined (GMS 10640) is smaller, cranially and externally (see beyond), than any recorded by Davis (1958:165).

_Measurements._--Some external and cranial measurements of two females and a male (GMS 10668, 10646 and 10640) are, respectively, as follows: length of hind foot, 12.5, 12.0, 11.0; length of ear from notch, 15, 17, 15; length of forearm, 40.5, 40.0, 36.5; greatest length of skull, 20.9, 20.7, 19.7; zygomatic breadth, 12.3, 12.3, 11.7; least interorbital constriction, 5.2, 5.0, 5.0; length of maxillary tooth-row, 6.8, 6.8, 6.5; breadth of braincase, 9.3, 9.2, 9.1.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 3 from Rio Sabinas, near Gomez Farias (Rancho Pano Ayuctle) (GMS).

=Artibeus aztecus= Andersen

Aztec Fruit-eating Bat

1906. _Artibeus aztecus_ Andersen, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 18:422, December, type from Tetela del Volcan, Morelos.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Probably higher areas of southern part of state; known presently only from Rancho del Cielo.

I follow Davis (1958:165) in treating _A. aztecus_ and _A. toltecus_ as distinct species. Differences between the two are discussed in the preceding account of _toltecus_.

One specimen examined (AMNH 146980) is distinctly larger than the others here a.s.signed to _A. aztecus_, but does not exceed the maximal measurements given by Davis (_loc. cit._) for the species. This specimen also has a narrower M2, and relatively and actually narrower braincase than other specimens (see measurements).

Specimens from Rancho del Cielo were collected in a limestone cave in the cloud forest. A female taken on July 2 carried a small embryo and another obtained on August 14 had an embryo that appeared to be nearly ready for birth.

_Measurements._--Respective external and cranial measurements of three males (AMNH, uncatalogued) and a female (AMNH 146980) are as follows: total length, 58, 65, 66, 73; length of hind foot, 13, 12, 12, 13; length of forearm, --, 43, 40, 41; greatest length of skull, 21.6, 22.4, 21.5, 23.0; zygomatic breadth, 13.0, 12.8, 13.0, 12.4; least interorbital constriction, 5.2, 5.7, 5.5, 6.0; length of maxillary tooth-row, 7.0, 7.1, 6.9, 7.1; breadth of braincase, 10.0, 9.8, 10.0, 9.5.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 7, all from Rancho del Cielo, 3300 ft., (AMNH).

=Enchistenes hartii= (Thomas)

Little Fruit-eating Bat

1892. _Artibeus hartii_ Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser.

6, 10:409, November, type from Trinidad, Lesser Antilles.

1908. _Enchistenes hartii_, Andersen, Proc. Zool. Soc.

London, 2:224, September 7.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from Aserradero del Infernillo.

_Enchistenes hartii_ is known from Tamaulipas only by the cranium reported by Goodwin (1954:5), and this is the northernmost known occurrence. The bat has not been reported from any other Mexican state bordering on the Gulf of Mexico.

=Centurio senex= Gray

Wrinkle-faced Bat

1842. _Centurio senex_ Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 10, 10:259, December, type locality erroneously given as Amboyna, East Indies; subsequently restricted to Realejo, Chinandega, Nicaragua, by Goodwin (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.

Hist., 87:327, December 31, 1946).

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Tropical areas of southern part of state.

The single specimen examined, a female weighing 23 grams that carried an embryo (17 mm. crown-rump length), was taken on June 14 in a mist net stretched between oak trees in the Sierra de Tamaulipas. One other female and one cranium have been reported from Tamaulipas.

The specimen examined differs from two seen from southern Mexico (5 mi.

SW Teapa, Tabasco, and 2 mi. S Tollosa, Oaxaca) in being brownish instead of grayish, but resembles in color two specimens from Cozumel Island, Quintana Roo.

_Measurements._--A female from the Sierra de Tamaulipas affords the following measurements: Total length, 67; length of hind foot, 13; length of ear from notch, 15; length of forearm, 43.1; condylobasal length, 15.0; zygomatic breadth, 5.1; palatal length, 4.1; least interorbital constriction, 5.3; length of maxillary tooth-row, 5.1.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimen examined, one from the Sierra de Tamaulipas, 3 mi. S, 14 mi. W Piedra, 1300 ft.

Additional records: Rancho Pano Ayuctle (de la Torre, 1954:114); Aserradero del Infernillo (Goodwin, 1954:5).

=Desmodus rotundus murinus= Wagner

Vampire

1840. _D[esmodus]. murinus_ Wagner, _in_ Schreber, Die Saugthiere ..., Suppl., 1:337, type from Mexico.

1912. _Desmodus rotundus murinus_, Osgood, Field Mus. Nat.