The Mountains of Oregon Part 8

1805.--CASTLE ROCK, called by Lewis and Clarke, Beacon Rock.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 47).

1852.--Coal discovered near Seahome by Capt. Pattle.--(Harpers Magazine for November, 1869, page 795).

1792.--COFFIN, MT.--Originally used as an Indian burying ground, and discovered by Lieut. Broughton.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 98.--Wilkes Narrative, vol. 4, page 319).

1775.--COLUMBIA RIVER.--First discovered by Heceta, August 15.

Named by him _Ensenada de Asuncion_, or a.s.sumption Inlet. The north point was called Cape San Roque, and the south, Cape Frondoso, (Leafy Cape). In the chart published in Mexico soon after the conclusion of the voyage, the entrance is, however, called _Ensenada de Heceta_, Hecta Inlet; and _Rio de San Roque_, River of St. Roc.

While in command of the sloop Washington, in August, Capt. Gray discovered, and attempted to enter this opening, but the sloop grounded on the bar and came near being lost; and was also attacked by Indians, who killed one man and wounded the mate.

Gray was shortly afterward transferred to the Columbia, and on another cruise entered the river; sailed up it about twenty miles, and bestowed the name of his vessel upon it.--(Three Years' Residence in W. T., pages 124 to 128.--Pacific States, vol. 22, page 163.--American Cyclopaedia, vol. 5, page 513).

Many works published before the discovery refer to a river flowing westward, as "River of the West," "River of Aguilar," "River Thegays."--(History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, pages 144-5).

1805.--Called by the Indians "Spocatilic.u.m"--Friendly Water.--(Life on Puget Sound,--Leighton, page 50). The Indians also referred to it as Wahn-na, or Big River.

1816.--The bar was first surveyed by Capt. McClellan, of the Col.

Allen.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 266).

1846.--Was considered accessible for vessels only three months in the year.--(The Oregon Territory,--Nicolay, page 42).

1853.--COMCOMLI.--This Indian Chief is spoken of by Winthrop as one Montgomery.--(Canoe and Saddle, page 77).

1841.--COMMENCEMENT BAY.--Named by Wilkes. (Wilkes' Narrative, vol. 4, page 479).

1778.--COOK, CAPT.--Sailed along the coast and sighted land at 44, March 7.--(Oregon,--Moseley, page 8.--History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 150).

1779.--Murdered by natives in the Sandwich Islands February 16th.--(History of Oregon and California, page 157).

CORVALLIS.--Of Spanish derivation, and signifies Center of the Valley.

Originally, Marysville.--(Oregon and Washington,--Armstrong, page 18).

1598.--D'AGUILAR, MARTIN.--See Sebastian Viscanio.

1805.--DES CHUTES RIVER.--Called by Lewis, "Towahnahiooks," and by Ga.s.s, "The Kimmooenim."--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 41).

1775.--DISAPPOINTMENT, CAPE.--See Cape Disappointment.

1786.--DIXON AND POSTLOCK were sent out by the King Georges Sound Co. of London and arrived at Cooks River in July.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 61).

1824.--DOUGLAS, DAVID.--The botanist who gave his name to the Douglas pine (_Abies Douglasii_), and named over one thousand plants, was sent out by the Royal Horticultural Society of London, and remained ten years.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, pages 507-8).

1579.--DRAKE, SIR FRANCIS.--Sailed along the coast.--(Oregon,--Moseley, page 8. History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 73).

FALSE DUNGENESS, see Port Angeles.

1542.--FURRELO, BARTOLEME.--Sailed with two vessels to 41 to 44.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, pages 26 and 27. History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 64).

1576.--First voyage made from England to seek a Northwest Pa.s.sage was made by Martin Frobisher.--(History of Oregon and California,--Greenhow, page 77).

1793.--First trip to the Pacific, overland, was made by Sir Alex.

Mackenzie, who reached the sea at 52 20'.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, pages 19 and 20).

1806.--First civilized post, or settlement, west of the Rocky Mountains was made by the Northwest Co., on Frazer Lake in 54.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 21).

1810.--First settlement attempted and first house in Oregon built by Capt. Winship forty miles above the sea on the south bank of the Columbia.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 133. Oregon,--Moseley, page 9).

1814.--First European woman on the Columbia River was Miss Jane Barnes, who arrived at Astoria on the Isaac Todd, April 17th.--(Pac. States, vol. 23, page 250).

1827.--First fruit tree in Oregon was planted at Vancouver by John McLaughlin, who also introduced live stock, vegetables and grain.--(Pacific States, vol. 23, page 441).

1836.--First steamer to visit Oregon was the Beaver, from England--(Pac.

States, vol. 23, page 600).

1598.--FLOREZ, ANTONIO.--See Sebastian Viscanio.

1812.--FRASER RIVER.--Known among the Indians as Tacoutche-Tesse.

1793.--Supposed by Sir Alex. Mackenzie to be the northern source of the Columbia.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 19. Pacific Coast, vol. 22, page 205).

Named for Simon Fraser, who established a post in that region in 1805.--(History of Portland,--Scott, page 16).

1713.--France secretly conveys to Spain all her possessions west of the Mississippi River.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 19).

1800.--France recovers the western half of Louisiana from Spain.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 20).

1803.--France sells her claims to the United States.--(Barrows' Oregon, pages 21 and 210).

1843.--Fremont follows Whitman to Oregon, arriving October 23.--(Barrows' Oregon, page 250).

1786.--Fur trade opened by British merchants between Oregon and China.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 18).

GOAT, MOUNTAIN.--Known by the Indians as Plas, (white), because of the white rocks.

1792.--GRAY, CAPT.--Explored the Columbia river twenty-five miles, and named it.--(The Oregon Territory,--Nicolay, page 39).

1792.--GRAY'S BAY.--Named by Broughton for Capt. Gray, of the Columbia.--(Vancouver, vol. 3, page 92).

1789.--GRAY'S HARBOR.--First called Bulfinch Harbor, but changed to Gray's Harbor May 7th.--(Pacific States vol. 22, page 259).

1791.--GULF OF GEORGIA.--Called by Don Francisco Elisa, "Ca.n.a.l de Nuestra Senora del Rosary," or The Channel of our Lady of the Rosary.

1792.--Subsequently named by Vancouver in honor of the king.--(Vancouver, vol. 2, page 170.--Life on Puget Sound, page 154).

1846-8.--HARRISON, MT.--See Rainier.

1771.--HEARNE, SAM'L.--An employee of the Hudson Bay Co. succeeded in tracing the Coppermine river to tide water in 72, and his report caused the Lords of Admiralty to send Capt. Cook to the Northwest Coast.--(History of Oregon,--Twiss, page 58).