The Memoirs of Charles-Lewis, Baron de Pollnitz Volume I Part 3

I am preparing to set out forthwith for _Hamburgh_, _Hanover_, and the Court of _Brunswic_; and after I have made that Tour, you shall have a second Letter from me. Mean time, I am, _&c._

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LETTER II.

_SIR_, _Hamburgh, June 20, 1729._

Nothing gives me greater pleasure, than the Approbation with which you are pleased to honour the Account I sent you of the Court of _Prussia_; which I esteem as an infinite Reward for the little trouble it cost me. You must not imagine that I can ever be weary of writing to you; I can never do any thing more agreeable to myself, than to contribute to your Amus.e.m.e.nt; and shall think myself exceeding happy, if I can succeed.

I set out from _Berlin_ upon the 10th of _June_, and in less than four Hours came to ORANJEBOURG, a royal Seat, which King _Frederic_ I. caused to be built, and to which he gave the Name of _Oranjebourg_, to perpetuate the Memory of his Mother, who was born Princess of _Orange_. This Prince, great in every Action, spar'd no Cost to render this House worthy of his magnificent Taste. The Situation of this Place is very charming, in the midst of fine large Meadows, with Ca.n.a.ls cut in them after the manner of _Holland_. The Apartments of the Palace are grand, tho' the rich Furniture it had formerly has been removed to _Berlin_. The present King not taking a fancy to it, all runs to ruin; the Gardens, which were the finest in _Germany_, are not kept in order; the great Vessels of Porcellane; which were not to be match'd in _Europe_, the late King having procur'd the choicest Rarities of that Ware, that were in the Magazines of _Holland_; all these fine things, I say, are pa.s.s'd into the hands of the King of _Poland_, at _Dresden_. The Gallery and the Salon of _Oranjebourg_, which were furnish'd with them, and which were reckoned among the Beauties of _Germany_, are of no account now but for the Richness of their Cielings.

From _Oranjebourg_, I went and lay at FERBELLIN, a Town which is only remarkable for a Victory gain'd here by the Elector _Frederic-William_ over the _Swedes_. The latter enter'd his Dominions, while he was engag'd with his Army in defence of the Empire then attack'd by the _French_ on the _Upper Rhine_. The Elector being inform'd of the Invasion of his own Country by the _Swedes_, came away from the _Rhine_ with his Troops, and by one of the bravest Marches that ever any General made, deliver'd it from the Enemy. He surprized them in _Ratenau_, a Town in the Marquisate of _Brandenbourg_, the Garrison of which he made Prisoners; and then continuing his March, he came up with the _Swedes_ near _Ferbellin_, at a time when the latter thought him still upon the _Rhine_, and gain'd a compleat Victory. A venerable old Gentleman, who was very near the Elector's Person at this Battle, told me, that before the Engagement began, the Prince being at the head of his Army, took out his Pistols, fir'd them in the Air, and lifting up his Eyes to Heaven, said, _'Tis to thy Glory, _GREAT G.o.d_, that I discharge my Arms; defend my Cause, thou knowest it to be just; punish my Enemies_. Then drawing his Sword, and turning about to his Soldiers, _My Comrades_, said he, _I desire no other Defence, nor no other Weapons, but the Protection of G.o.d, your Courage, and my Sword. Follow me therefore, my Friends, do as I do, and be a.s.sur'd of Victory_.

In this Battle, _Forbenius_, the Elector's Gentleman of the Horse, perceiving that a white Steed which his Master rode, made his Person a very plain Mark for his Enemy, so that they had singled him out to fire at, desir'd the Prince to change Horses with him. The Elector, who had a great Soul, above all Fear, refus'd at first to do so, but upon the repeated Instances of _Forbenius_, he consented to it; and the Moment that the Gentleman mounted the Horse which the Elector quitted, a Cannon-Shot kill'd him dead upon the Place, so quick, that he expir'd without the Comfort of knowing that he had thereby preserved the Life of his Master.

_HAMBURGH_, a Hanse-Town in the Circle of Lower _Saxony_, is, without dispute, one of the richest and most considerable Towns in all the Empire of _Germany_. It depends solely upon its Magistrates, who are chose by the Burgers themselves. Its Liberty has been often contested by the Kings of _Denmark_, who as Dukes of _Holstein_, pretend that _Hamburgh_ is built upon their Territory, and that therefore they ought to be the Sovereigns of it. The Electors of _Brandenbourg_, and the Princes of the House of _Brunswic_, always opposed the Incroachments of the _Danes_; nor will they suffer any Power whatsoever to oppress the City of _Hamburgh_, because, if it were possible, they would be glad to annex it to their own Domains. The City being exposed to these Attacks, has taken all the Measures possible to be in a condition to defend its Liberty. 'Tis very well fortified, maintains a good Garrison, and has an a.r.s.enal provided with all Necessaries.

The Commerce of _Hamburgh_ is considerable, tho' 'tis very much lessen'd since _Frederic_ IV. King of _Denmark_, prohibited the Importation of Merchandize from _Hamburgh_ to his Dominions[19].

The manner of living in this City is different from that of all the Hanse Towns. Here is a tolerable Opera all the Year round[20]; charming Walks, choice Company, much Visiting and hearty Cheer. There are several good Houses of the n.o.bility, where Foreigners are well receiv'd. The Merchants are affable and civil; most of them in their youth travel to the most remarkable Countries of _Europe_, where they then pa.s.s for Gentlemen of _Holstein_. As they are rich, they can easily afford to make a good Appearance where-ever they come. There they learn that polite Air, and that Behaviour which one would wish to see in all Gentlemen of good Families. The only thing for which I find fault with them, is, that they treat their Wives too much like the _Levant_ People, where the Women are only suffer'd to go to the Mosques; so here, the Women scarce go any where but to Church, or if they at any time take the Air, 'tis in company with their Husbands: and a Foreigner is so seldom admitted to their a.s.semblies, that when he is, those poor Women are as much astonish'd at the sight of him, as a Sultana would be to see a Capuchin enter the _Seraglio_.

There's a great many worthy People here. I have made an Acquaintance with M. _de Brocks_, one of the Magistrates, who has acquir'd a Reputation for his Skill in Poetry, by such Compositions as cannot but convince Foreigners, who understand the _High-Dutch_, that as good things may be said in that Language, as in any other[21]. This M. _de Brocks_ is of an amiable Character, civil, and complaisant, and has acquir'd the Love and Esteem of all that know him.

Most of the _European_ Princes have Residents here, for which reason here are several Chappels of the _Roman_ Catholicks, who otherwise would be obliged to go to the Church at _Altena_, as the _Calvinists_ are forc'd to do, the _Lutheran_ being the Religion that is uppermost at _Hamburgh_; but the _Jews_ have their Synagogues here. What an odd Establishment is this in a Christian Country![22] how uncharitable, and even nonsensical! and how must it make the _Turks_ laugh! We grant Synagogues to the _Jews_, the Enemies of JESUS CHRIST, who would crucify him again, if they had not done it already; and we refuse Churches and Temples to those that believe as we do in JESUS CHRIST! No, were you to call me Heretic a thousand times, I would say, HOLLAND FOR EVER! where 'tis a Maxim, to leave every Man to his Conscience; and where they think it would be a Contradiction to admit People to be their Fellow-Citizens, and to deny them the Liberty of worshipping G.o.d in their own way.

The Emperor's Minister, who has the t.i.tle of _His Imperial Majesty's Plenipotentiary_ to the Circle of Lower _Saxony_, commonly resides at _Hamburgh_. The last Gentleman that had this Employment was the Count _de Metsch_[23]; and since his being made Vice-President of the Emperor's _Aulic_ Council, it has not been fill'd up[24].

The Populace of _Hamburgh_, just such another ungovernable Herd as the _Amsterdam_ Mobs, having taken it into their heads some years ago, out of a mad sort of Zeal for Religion, to plunder the House and Chapel of the Emperor's Resident; the City in order to make Satisfaction for the Insult, was condemned to build a House which was to be the Residence of the Emperor's Minister always for the future. For this end, the City bought the Palace of the late Baron _de Gortz_, a Man of great Fame in the History of _Charles_ XII. King of _Sweden_; and whose Fortune and Catastrophe are worthy your notice.

_Henry_ Baron _de Gortz_ was born of an independent Family in _Franconia_, which is a Province that abounds with n.o.bility of Distinction. He enter'd young into the Service of the Duke of _Holstein-Schleswic_, and rose to be his Minister. He was a Man generous, n.o.ble, and magnificent, even to Profusion; vigilant, full of Projects and Stratagems; a Man whom nothing could surprize, nothing dissuade from a Design that he had once form'd; whose Ambition was boundless, and who always aim'd to do something to be talk'd of. In the _North_ there was no Intrigue in which he had not a hand, and into which he did not likewise draw his Master, whom he push'd upon Enterprizes so far above his Power to execute, that he thereby lost his Dominions. The Baron _de Gortz_ thought _Holstein_ too narrow a Sphere for him to move in, and therefore he attach'd himself to _Charles_ XII.

King of _Sweden_, after that Prince return'd from his long Stay at _Bender_. _Charles_ was just such a Master as the Baron wanted, and he just such a Minister as was necessary for the King of _Sweden_; nor was there ever in the World a greater Sympathy between two Men. _Gortz_ was born to form great Designs, _Charles_ to put them in execution; and the constant Design of both was only to throw _Europe_ into a Ferment.

The Baron, besides other happy Gifts of Nature, had the Talent of insinuating and pleasing. He soon got an Ascendant over _Charles_, to such a degree that tho' this Prince was never to be advis'd by his Ministers, yet the Baron's Opinion was a Law to him. _Gortz_ frighten'd _Europe_, and made _Sweden_ tremble; being as much fear'd and dreaded there as the King himself. The _Swedes_ were uneasy to see so great a Share of Authority vested in a Foreigner; and therefore form'd Parties and Cabals to strip him of it; but they durst not discover their Designs. The Minister knew all the while they envy'd him, but was in no manner of Concern about it; for being sure of the Favour of the King, he despised the Hatred, both of the Populace and the Great Men[25].

But after the Death of _Charles_ XII. who was killed at the Siege of _Frederickshall_, in the Month of _December_, the _Swedes_ did not fail to punish him; for the Baron, before he cou'd have Intelligence of the King's Death, was actually put under an Arrest; and upon that Occasion he said to the Officer, _Surely the King must be dead!_ From that Moment he was never once heard to complain or murmur; for he was intrepid even to Death; the Sentence of which he received with a wonderful Constancy of Mind, chose to die like a Philosopher, and thought too freely of Religion to the very last. A Divine, who is now one of the King of _Denmark_'s Chaplains, turn'd his Heart, and brought him to acknowledge that 'twas the Hand of G.o.d which smote him. He was conducted to the Place of Execution in a mourning Coach, in which the Chaplain rode with him. He had a long Robe of black Velvet, ty'd with Ribbands over his Shoulders; and as he was mounting the Scaffold, which was hung with black Cloth, perceiving one _Duval_, a _Frenchman_, who was his Steward, he held out his Hand, saying, _Farewell +Duval+, I shall eat no more of thy Soups_. When he was on the Scaffold, an Officer of Justice read a Paper to him with a loud Voice; in which it was declared that he was degraded from the Rank of n.o.bility, and that the Queen had order'd him to be beheaded. _Alas!_ said he, _I am born a free Baron of the Empire. +Sweden+ cannot take from me what it never gave me; and if I had really deserv'd to be degraded, none has a Right to do it but the +Emperor+._ Having requir'd one of his Valets de Chambre to undress him, he deliver'd the Ribband of the Order of the Black Eagle of _Prussia_ to a Gentleman who stood near him, and enjoin'd him to carry it to one of his Kindred, that he might return it to the King of _Prussia_.

Then he fell on his Knees, without shewing the least Sign of Fear; and receiv'd the Stroke of Death with a Constancy of which there are very few Examples. His Head being exposed to the People, was a pleasing Victim to their Hatred and Revenge. The Baron's Corpse was interr'd, at the Place of Execution, from whence one of his Footmen took it away in the Night-time, put it into a Barrel, and carry'd it to _Hamburgh_; where it was laid upon a Bed of State, and bury'd with all the Formalities fitting the Rank which he had held in the World.

Within a Cannon-Shot of _Hamburgh_, stands the Town of ALTENA, which belongs to the King of _Denmark_. The _Swedish_ General, _Steinbock_, reduc'd it to Ashes, the 9th of _January_ 1712, by way of Reprisal, as he said, because the _Danes_ had burnt _Staden_: but there was this Difference, that the _Danes_ had besieg'd _Staden_ in form, and destroy'd it by their Bombs; whereas _Steinbock_ acted the part of an Incendiary. As soon as he appear'd before _Altena_, he sent in a Message to advise the Inhabitants to retire with what they could carry off, for that he was going to destroy their Town. The Magistrates came out in a Body, and falling at his Feet, begg'd for Mercy, and offer'd him a considerable Sum of Money. _Steinbock_ insisting on more, they granted him his whole Demand, only they desir'd Time to go to _Hamburgh_ for the Money. The merciless General would admit of no such Delay. The poor Inhabitants were oblig'd to turn out; the Mothers carry'd out their Infants; the young Fellows, the paralytick old Men; some groan'd under Loads of Furniture; all lamented their Fate, and uter'd Cries that wou'd have almost pierc'd a Stone. The _Swedes_ stood at the Barriers, with flaming Torches in their Hands, to see them pa.s.s; and before the poor Inhabitants were all gone out, they enter'd the Town, and set fire to all parts of it; not sparing even the Vaults of the Dead.

Never was a greater Desolation known; but what compleated the Ruin of the _Altenois_, was the Necessity of the Times, which was such as oblig'd the _Hamburghers_ not to entertain them. Several prejudic'd Authors have said that the _Hamburghers_, insensible, if not overjoy'd at the Calamity of their Neighbours, kept their Gates shut, that they might see them perish.

But the truth is, that the _Hamburghers_ were oblig'd to be thus strict; because the Plague raging at that time in _Holstein_, the Elector of _Hanover_ had forc'd them to stop all Commerce with that Country; threatning them, that if he heard they had the least Communication with _Altena_, he wou'd prohibit his Subjects from all manner of Correspondence with the City of _Hamburgh_. Besides, it wou'd not have been prudent in the _Hamburghers_ to have open'd their Gates in the Night-time; for the _Swedish_ Army being so near, they could not tell but the _Swedes_ might come into the Town as well as the _Altenois_. To the Misfortune of the Times therefore must be ascribed the Distress of the Inhabitants of _Altena_, most of whom perished with Cold, Want, and Despair.

_Frederic_ IV. King of _Denmark_, being touched with Compa.s.sion for the Misfortune of his Subjects of _Altena_, relieved them as far as the Necessity of the Times wou'd give him leave. He caus'd them to be supply'd with Materials for rebuilding their Houses; and now _Altena_ has recovered her Losses: for the King of _Denmark_ has not only granted it many new Privileges, but has caus'd a Harbour to be made there; and does all that is in his power to draw a Trade to it. This City being a privileg'd Place for Bankrupts, many of that Character come from _Hamburgh_ to settle here; and there is a general Toleration for those of all Religions, who have their Churches and Temples here; which draws such numbers of People, that in time _Altena_ will probably become _Hamburgh_, and _Hamburgh_ _Altena_: For the _Hamburghers_, on the contrary, will tolerate no Christian Sects; tho' they grant the _Jews_ the public Exercise of their Religion, as has been already observed. The Governour of _Danish Holstein_ resides here, who is the Count _de Reventlau_, Brother to the[26]Queen of _Denmark_. I am, _&c._

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LETTER III.

_SIR_, _Hanover, July 5, 1729._

This Letter is to acquaint you of some things that I remark'd in the Road from _Hamburgh_, and in this City itself; where I have now been these three Days.

I set out from _Hamburgh_ the 22d of _June_, and went by Water to HARBOURG, having sent my Chaise thither the Day before. This Town is a Dependant on the Dutchy of _Lunenbourg_, and belongs to the Elector of _Brunswic-Lunenbourg_. It has nothing very remarkable but its Castle, which is a Pentagon, lin'd with a good Cover'd-Way. Madamoiselle _d'Olbreuse_[27], whom the Duke of _Zell_ marry'd, had the t.i.tle of Madame _de Harbourg_, till she was recogniz'd by the Emperor a Princess of the Empire. For by the Laws of _Germany_, a Prince of a Sovereign Family can marry none but a Princess, or a Countess. If he weds a private Gentlewoman, he not only marries below himself, but his Wife does not go by his Name; and the Children of such Marriage cannot succeed, unless the Emperor declare the Mother a Princess; as he commonly does in favour of Princes of antient Families.

Between _Harbourg_ and _Zell_, which is twelve Miles, there is scarce any thing but Heath. The Post-Stages, which are of four Miles, are very ill serv'd, and the Inns the worst in _Germany_; all which together render the Road extremely disagreeable.

ZELL is a little Town with great Suburbs. All its Buildings are of Timber, except the Churches, the Castle, and the House of Correction, which are of Brick. There is a Trade from hence to _Bremen_, by the River _Aller_.

After the Death of _George-William_, the last Duke of _Zell_[28], this City, and its Dependency, the Dutchy of _Lunenbourg_, devolv'd to his Nephew _George_, Elector of _Brunswic-Hanover_, afterwards King of _Great Britain_. This Prince had a Regency at _Zell_, which judged all Causes, without any Appeal but to the Council of State at _Hanover_. The President of it at this time, is the Baron _de Friesberg_, a Person of a good Family in the Country of _Hildesheim_; who has been a long time the Elector's Envoy at the Diet of _Ratisbon_, where I knew him, and received a world of Civilities from him. He is esteem'd for the prudent Management of his Office, and his n.o.ble manner of living. There are a great many Persons of Quality settled at _Zell_, who for a trifling Expence enjoy the Pleasures of agreeable Society. They visit and regale one another very much, and are not wanting in Civilities to Foreigners. Monsieur _de Schulenbourgh_[29], Lieutenant-General of the _Hanoverian_ Horse, and Knight of the _Prussian_ Order of the Black Eagle, is the Governour of this Town. He is a Gentleman of good Extraction, of Behaviour, n.o.ble, Polite, and Easy; and though he is Father of a numerous Family, he affects to live grand, and keeps a very good Table. One of his Sons is in the Service of _Prussia_, the others are in that of the King of _England_. I mention them to you, because they are worthy Gentlemen; and whoever knows them, cannot but esteem them.

Here are a great many _French_ People, _Catholick_ as well as _Protestant_, of whom the former have a Chapel, and the latter a Church; but the Religion which is predominant, is the _Lutheran_. The last Dutchess of _Zell_, of the Family of _Olbreuse_, being a _French_ Woman, fill'd her Husband's Court and Guards with her own Countrymen; who were even preferr'd before the Natives of _Zell_. I have been told that these _Frenchmen_ really thought themselves so much at home, that there happen'd to be one day no less than a dozen of 'em at Dinner at the Duke's Table, who all except the Prince were _Frenchmen_; which one of them observing, said to the Duke, _My Lord, this is really very pleasant; there is no Foreigner here but you_!

In the Neighbourhood of this Town there's the Castle of _Ahlen_, where, (about nine Years ago,) the unfortunate Daughter of the last Duke of _Zell_, by Madamoiselle _d'Olbreuse_, ended her Days, after she had been retir'd thither about thirty six Years: She had been promised in Marriage to _Augustus-William_, the hereditary Prince of _Brunswic-Lunenbourg-Wolfemhuttle_; but her Father the Duke, by the Intrigues of the Princess _Sophia_, Dutchess of _Hanover_, marry'd her against her Will, and against the Consent of her Mother, to the hereditary Prince _George-Lewis_, who was afterwards King of _Great Britain_, by Right of his Mother, and who died in the Year 1727, as he came to make the Tour of his hereditary Dominions. She was sixteen Years old at her Marriage with that Prince, who was then twenty-two.

Tho' there's a good deal of Heath between _Zell_ and _Hanover_, yet the Country is very well cultivated; for the Inhabitants not only make Turfs of the Heath for Fewel, but it serves also for Pasturage, and for Manure.

'Tis about five _German_ Miles from one Town to the other, and I travell'd it in less than five Hours.

HANOVER, the Capital of the Electorate of _Brunswic-Lunenbourg_, is bigger than _Zell_. The River _Leine_ divides it into the old and new Towns, which are both encompa.s.s'd with Ramparts that scarce deserve the Name.

There is nothing very extraordinary in the Palace or Castle, which is rather commodious than magnificent; and the Town of _Hanover_, generally speaking, is but ill built. The most remarkable Structure in it, is the _Roman Catholick_ Church, which was granted to those of that Communion by _Ernest-Augustus_ of _Brunswic-Lunenbourg-Hanover_; that being one of the Conditions which the Emperor _Leopold_ demanded of him when he honour'd him with the Electoral Dignity. That Prince moreover engag'd to admit of an Apostolical Vicar in his Dominions, and to give him leave to reside at _Hanover_, as _Spiga_, who lately died at _Francfort_[30], did for many Years. Divine Service is perform'd in this Church as regularly as in a Cathedral; and they who officiate in it are Missionaries. The number of Catholicks is very considerable; but few Persons of Quality are of that Communion, the n.o.bility being all _Lutherans_.

When _George_ I. King of _Great Britain_ left his _German_ Dominions to take possession of his Kingdom, he was willing that all Affairs at _Hanover_ shou'd continue on the same footing as they were before he was called to the Throne; and he left behind him Prince _Frederic_ his Grandson, now Prince of _Wales_; who not only had a Drawing-Room every Day, but the same Attendance as had the Elector before he was King.

His Majesty King _George_ II. has made no Alteration in the Establishment of the King his Father. When he sent for the Prince of _Wales_ to _England_, he order'd the Courtiers to continue their a.s.semblies at the Castle; and that his Table shou'd always be serv'd in the same manner as if he himself was at _Hanover_. His Majesty keeps up the same number of Gentlemen, Pages, Domestics, and Guards; and the same number of Horses, Grooms, &c. in his Stables. There's a _French_ Comedy acted three times a Week at the Palace, to which all People are admitted _gratis_; and there are frequently Concerts, b.a.l.l.s and a.s.semblies. The Gentlemen who do the Court-Honours at these Entertainments, and who invite Persons to dine or sup at the King's Table, are either M. _de Hardenberg_, the Grand Marshal, or, in his absence, the Baron _de Gortz_[31], Chief Steward of the Houshold; or else M. _de Rheden_, Captain of the Castle of _Hanover_.

In the King's absence, the Government is compos'd of a Council of State, whereof M. _de Hardenberg_ is Chief or President; which meets every day in an Apartment of the Castle. To this all the Courts of Justice in the Dominions of _Hanover_ are subject, and accountable. The Council of State receives its Orders immediately from the King; and they are counter-signed either by the Count _de Bothmar_, or by M. _de Hattorf_, the two _German_ Ministers that attend his Majesty's Person.

The Count _de Bothmar_[32] is an old Gentleman, who for a long time resided in quality of the Elector's Envoy at the Court of _England_, where, by his prudent Management for his Master, he cherished the most incontestable Right that a Prince can possibly have to a Crown; I mean, the Voice of the People.

M. _de Hattorf_ is not only the Minister's Son, but has been his Co-adjutor, for they had both the War-Office in their Province; for which reason they were called _Louvois_ and _Barbesieux_, a Comparison which does no Dishonour either to the one or to the other: for if the two _Hattorfs_ have not made such a Blaze in the World, 'tis because they had not a _Lewis_ XIV. for their Master, for they were not inferior to the _French_ Ministers in Capacity, and Application to Business, and had not their Pride and Arrogance.

M. _de Munchausen_ is one of those Ministers of State who bears the most Sway. He is of a Temper beneficent, mild, civil, very candid, sober, and religious. He lives with Dignity, and his House is as open to Foreigners as any in the City.

The Marshal Baron _de Bulau_, is Commander in chief of the Forces[33]. He has no manner of Dependance on the Council of State, and receives his Orders immediately from the King, by M. _de Hattorf_ the Secretary at War.

The Promotion which the King makes of Officers is by the Recommendation of M. _de Bulau_; and such as would enter into the Service must make their Application to him. He serv'd with Distinction in the _Netherlands_, under my Lord Duke of _Marlborough_. He has actually under his Command 18000 Men, which is the Complement of the King of _Great Britain_'s Forces, as Elector. His Majesty indeed, keeps in pay 12000 _Hessians_,[34] and 4000 Men of the Troops of _Wolfenb.u.t.tle_. 'Tis true, those Forces are paid by _England_, but to me it seems they are only to defend the King's Dominions in _Germany_.

Tho' the Sovereign is absent, yet here are not wanting Amus.e.m.e.nts; there being many good Families, and a number of amiable Persons.

The lovely Countess of _Delitz_, Niece to the Dutchess of _Kendal_, cou'd not fail of Adorers, even in the most barbarous Countries; for the Charms of her Mind are not inferior to the Beauty, Sweetness, and Gracefulness of her Person.