The German Element in Brazil Part 16

[Footnote 103: _Tor._]

[Footnote 104: _Waldstra.s.se._]

[Footnote 105: _Lichtung._]

[Footnote 106: _Mais...o...b..n._]

[Footnote 107: _Maultier._]

[Footnote 108: _Kurbisse._]

[Footnote 109: ="portreiro" (_Weideplats, Koppel_).]

[Footnote 110: _Graben._]

[Footnote 111: _Boschungen._]

[Footnote 112: _Waldmesser._]

[Footnote 113: _Bambus._]

[Footnote 114: _Lianen._]

[Footnote 115: _Gurteltier._]

[Footnote 116: _Buschsichel._]

[Footnote 117: _Wettrennen._]

[Footnote 118: _Mehl._]

[Footnote 119: _Kleinhandler._]

[Footnote 120: _Gezogen._]

[Footnote 121: _Geschlagen._]

[Footnote 122: _Packsattel._]

[Footnote 123: Of the words appearing in the GLOSSARY the writer acknowledges as his source for the following the _Verdeutschungsheft_ by G.A. Buchler, Blumenau, 1915: _Backeljau, balse, kaschimbo, lelong, multe, multieren, orsament, pikarette, rekerieren, rossieren, sellieren, strupiat, wolte, zise._]

[Footnote 124: It is to be remembered, however, that High German is the norm in ordinary news articles in almanacs, newspapers, etc., as well as for literary purposes in general. In such instances Brazilian German forms appear relatively rarely.]

[Footnote 125: All words or phrases thus noted have since been observed in print in Brazilian German publications, with the exception of _agrio_ and _bond_.]

[Footnote 126: The simple word "Portuguese" is particularly avoided here (as well as throughout this work generally) because the language as spoken by the general public in Brazil frequently differs from the language of Portugal. While the same in form, the words often have a different meaning. Also many Indian words, especially from the Guarany and Tupi languages, are embodied in the Brazilian national idiom.]

[Footnote 127: This applies to the written, but not always to the spoken language.]

[Footnote 128: I.e., like the use of the word "sou" in France, "Groschen" in Germany, or "penny" in the United States.]

[Footnote 129: _V._ Grimm-Rucker: _Lehr-und Lesebuch_, p. iii.]

[Footnote 130: Because of existing conditions it has been impossible to determine whether this work has as yet appeared in print.]

AMERICANA GERMANICA

MONOGRAPHS DEVOTED TO THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE

Literary, Linguistic and Other Cultural Relations of Germany and America

EDITOR MARION DEXTER LEARNED _University of Pennsylvania_

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