The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex Volume II Part 16

[84] The Hon. Daines Barrington, 'Philosoph. Transact.' 1773, p. 252.

[85] 'Ornithological Dictionary,' 1833, p. 475.

[86] 'Naturgeschichte der Stubenvogel,' 1840, s. 4. Mr.

Harrison Weir likewise writes to me:-"I am informed that the best singing males generally get a mate first when they are bred in the same room."

[87] 'Philosophical Transactions,' 1773, p. 263. White's 'Natural History of Selborne,' vol. i. 1825, p. 246.

[88] 'Naturges. der Stubenvogel,' 1840, s. 252.

[89] Mr. Bold, 'Zoologist,' 1843-44, p. 659.

[90] D. Barrington, 'Phil. Transact.' 1773, p. 262. Bechstein, 'Stubenvogel,' 1840, s. 4.

[91] This is likewise the case with the water-ouzel, see Mr.

Hepburn in the 'Zoologist,' 1845-1846, p. 1068.

[92] L. Lloyd, 'Game Birds of Sweden,' 1867, p. 25.

[93] Barrington, ibid. p. 264. Bechstein, ibid. s. 5.

[94] Dureau de la Malle gives a curious instance ('Annales des Sc. Nat.' 3rd series, Zoolog. tom. x. p. 118) of some wild blackbirds in his garden in Paris which naturally learnt from a caged bird a republican air.

[95] Bishop, in 'Todd's Cyclop. of Anat. and Phys.' vol. iv. p.

1496.

[96] As stated by Barrington in 'Philosoph. Transact.' 1773, p.

262.

[97] Gould, 'Handbook to the Birds of Australia,' vol. i. 1865, p. 308-310. See also Mr. T. W. Wood in the 'Student,' April, 1870, p. 125.

[98] See remarks to this effect in Gould's 'Introduction to the Trochilidae,' 1861, p. 22.

[99] 'The Sportsman and Naturalist in Canada,' by Major W. Ross King, 1866, p. 144-146. Mr. T. W. Wood gives in the 'Student'

(April, 1870, p. 116) an excellent account of the att.i.tude and habits of this bird during its courtship. He states that the ear-tufts or neck-plumes are erected, so that they meet over the crown of the head.

[100] Richardson, 'Fauna Bor. Americana: Birds,' 1831, p. 359.

Audubon, ibid. vol. iv. p. 507.

[101] The following papers have been lately written on this subject:-Prof. A. Newton, in the 'Ibis,' 1862, p. 107; Dr.

Cullen, ibid. 1865, p. 145; Mr. Flower, in 'Proc. Zool. Soc.'

1865, p. 747; and Dr. Murie, in 'Proc. Zool. Soc.' 1868, p.

471. In this latter paper an excellent figure is given of the male Australian Bustard in full display with the sack distended.

[102] Bates, 'The Naturalist on the Amazons,' 1863, vol. ii. p.

284; Wallace, in 'Proc. Zool. Soc.' 1850, p. 206. A new species, with a still larger neck-appendage (_C. penduliger_), has lately been discovered, see 'Ibis,' vol. i. p. 457.

[103] Bishop, in Todd's 'Cyclop. of Anat. and Phys.' vol. iv.

p. 1499.

[104] The spoonbill (Platalea) has its trachea convoluted into a figure of eight, and yet this bird (Jerdon, 'Birds of India,'

vol. iii. p. 763) is mute; but Mr. Blyth informs me that the convolutions are not constantly present, so that perhaps they are now tending towards abortion.

[105] 'Elements of Comp. Anat.' by R. Wagner, Eng. translat.

1845, p. 111. With respect to the swan, as given above, Yarrell's 'Hist. of British Birds,' 2nd edit. 1845, vol. iii.

p. 193.

[106] C. L. Bonaparte, quoted in the 'Naturalist Library: Birds,' vol. xiv. p. 126.

[107] L. Lloyd, 'The Game Birds of Sweden,' &c., 1867, p. 22, 81.

[108] Jenner, 'Philosoph. Transactions,' 1824, p. 20.

[109] For the foregoing several facts see, on Birds of Paradise, Brehm, 'Thierleben,' Band iii. s. 325. On Grouse, Richardson, 'Fauna Bor. Americ.: Birds,' p. 343 and 359; Major W. Ross King, 'The Sportsman in Canada,' 1866, p. 156; Audubon, 'American Ornitholog. Biograph.' vol. i. p. 216. On the Kalij pheasant, Jerdon, 'Birds of India,' vol. iii. p. 533. On the Weavers, 'Livingstone's Expedition to the Zambesi,' 1865, p. 425. On Woodp.e.c.k.e.rs, Macgillivray, 'Hist. of British Birds,'

vol. iii. 1840, p. 84, 88, 89, and 95. On the Hoopoe, Mr.

Swinhoe, in 'Proc. Zoolog. Soc.' June 23, 1863. On the Night-Jar, Audubon, ibid. vol. ii. p. 255. The English Night-Jar likewise makes in the spring a curious noise during its rapid flight.

[110] See M. Meves' interesting paper in 'Proc. Zool. Soc.'

1858, p. 199. For the habits of the snipe, Macgillivray, 'Hist.

British Birds,' vol. iv. p. 371. For the American snipe, Capt.

Blakiston, 'Ibis,' vol. v. 1863, p. 131.

[111] Mr. Salvin, in 'Proc. Zool. Soc.' 1867, p. 160. I am much indebted to this distinguished ornithologist for sketches of the feathers of the Chamaepetes, and for other information.

[112] Jerdon, 'Birds of India,' vol. iii. p. 618, 621.

[113] Gould, 'Introduction to the Trochilidae,' 1861, p. 49.

Salvin, 'Proc. Zoolog. Soc.' 1867, p. 160.

[114] Sclater, in 'Proc. Zool. Soc.' 1860, p. 90, and in 'Ibis,' vol. iv. 1862, p. 175. Also Salvin, in 'Ibis,' 1860, p.

37.

[115] 'The Nile Tributaries of Abyssinia,' 1867, p. 203.

[116] For Tetrao phasianellus, see Richardson, 'Fauna Bor.

America,' p. 361, and for further particulars Capt. Blakiston, 'Ibis,' 1863, p. 125. For the Cathartes and Ardea, Audubon, 'Ornith. Biography,' vol. ii. p. 51, and vol. iii. p. 89. On the White-throat, Macgillivray, 'Hist. British Birds,' vol. ii.

p. 354. On the Indian Bustard, Jerdon, 'Birds of India,' vol.

iii. p. 618.

[117] Gould, 'Handbook to the Birds of Australia,' vol. i. p.

444, 449, 455. The bower of the Satin Bower-bird may always be seen in the Zoological Society's Gardens, Regent's Park.

[118] See remarks to this effect, on the "Feeling of Beauty among Animals," by Mr. J. Shaw, in the 'Athenaeum,' Nov. 24th, 1866, p. 681.

[119] Mr. Monteiro, 'Ibis,' vol. iv. 1862, p. 339.

[120] 'Land and Water,' 1868, p. 217.