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Page 161 The rumor persists . . . does nothing to dispel: See Rob Walker, "Cult Cla.s.sic," See Rob Walker, "Cult Cla.s.sic," New York Times New York Times, October 11, 2009.
Page 161 began using cheaper HFCS: Jose Yuste, "Activo empresarial," Jose Yuste, "Activo empresarial," Cronica Cronica, February 10, 1997.
Page 161 60 percent HFCS: "Mexican Soft-Drink Bottlers to Turn to Sugar in the Wake of HFCS Tax," "Mexican Soft-Drink Bottlers to Turn to Sugar in the Wake of HFCS Tax," Food & Drink Weekly Food & Drink Weekly, January 21, 2002.
Page 161 30 percent, but with plans: Coca-Cola FEMSA Earnings Conference Call, Fair Disclosure Wire, July 24, 2009. Coca-Cola FEMSA Earnings Conference Call, Fair Disclosure Wire, July 24, 2009.
Page 161 Mexico repealed the tax: Alan Field, "Mexico Drops Sweetener Tax, Ending U.S. Trade Dispute," Alan Field, "Mexico Drops Sweetener Tax, Ending U.S. Trade Dispute," Journal of Commerce Journal of Commerce, January 5, 2007.
Page 162 dates back to the late 1980s . . . part of Oaxaca as well: Jordan, 74-75. Jordan, 74-75.
Page 163 1.37 million liters a day: Jordan, 129. Jordan, 129.
Page 163 the company takes no more than 2 percent: Jordan, 118, 130. Jordan, 118, 130.
Page 163 "The water here": Maria de la Ascuncion Gomez Carpio, interview by the author. Maria de la Ascuncion Gomez Carpio, interview by the author.
Page 163 "There used to be a lot of water": Rosa Maria Reazola Estevane, interview by the author. Rosa Maria Reazola Estevane, interview by the author.
Page 164 mayor of the town of Apizaco . . . "We comply with the law": Marie Kennedy and Chris Tilly, "Challenging c.o.ke's Thirst for Water: The Apizaco Story," Marie Kennedy and Chris Tilly, "Challenging c.o.ke's Thirst for Water: The Apizaco Story," Progressive Planning Progressive Planning, Fall 2007.
Page 164 Back in the 1970s . . . best-selling soft drink: Kate Milner, "Profile: Vicente Fox," BBC News, July 3, 2000. Kate Milner, "Profile: Vicente Fox," BBC News, July 3, 2000.
Page 164 "Working at Coca-Cola": Sam Dillon, "From Moving Mexico's Cola to Shaking Its Politics," Sam Dillon, "From Moving Mexico's Cola to Shaking Its Politics," New York Times New York Times, May 9, 1999.
Page 164 Nicknamed "The Coca-Cola Kid" during his campaign . . . put him on top: John Ross, "Fox, Inc. Takes over Mexico," John Ross, "Fox, Inc. Takes over Mexico," Multinational Monitor Multinational Monitor, March 2001; Tim McGirk, "The Moment of Truth," Time Time, December 4, 2000; Rodolfo Montes, "Amigos de Fox: Si recaudaron recursos durante la campana panista," Proceso Proceso, July 14, 2002; "Fox Team Includes Friends, Financial Reporters," America's Insider America's Insider, October 12, 2000; "Former Fox Fund-raiser: Not All of Mexican President's Collaborators Loyal," a.s.sociated Press, August 8, 2003.
Page 165 appointed another former c.o.ke director general: Jesus Olguin Sanchez, "Presidency of the Republic," Jesus Olguin Sanchez, "Presidency of the Republic," http://fox.presidencia.gob.mx/en/cabinet/?contenido=18150.
Page 165 privatization of much of the country's water network: Nash, 632-633; P. Wester et al., "The Hydraulic Mission and the Mexican Hydrocracy: Regulating and Reforming the Flows of Water and Power," Nash, 632-633; P. Wester et al., "The Hydraulic Mission and the Mexican Hydrocracy: Regulating and Reforming the Flows of Water and Power," Water Alternatives Water Alternatives 2, no. 3 (2009). 2, no. 3 (2009).
Page 165 eight concessions to dump waste in public waters: Gustavo Castro Soto, "La Coca-Cola en Mexico: El agua tiembla" (part 10), Gustavo Castro Soto, "La Coca-Cola en Mexico: El agua tiembla" (part 10), Otros mundos Chiapas Otros mundos Chiapas, January 7, 2005, citing data from an investigative report by the now defunct Mexican newspaper El independiente El independiente, July 14, 2003.
Page 165 $650 million in annual profits: "Mexico: Coca-Cola FEMSA Sales, Profits, Jump," "Mexico: Coca-Cola FEMSA Sales, Profits, Jump," Just-drinks.com, February 12, 2010.
Page 165 as little as three-hundredths of a cent . . . "Nothing": Jordan, 134-135. Jordan, 134-135.
Page 165 wearing black ski masks: Mihalis Mentinis, Mihalis Mentinis, Zapatistas: The Chiapas Revolt and What It Means for Radical Politics Zapatistas: The Chiapas Revolt and What It Means for Radical Politics (London: Pluto, 2006). (London: Pluto, 2006).
Page 166 Subcomandante Marcos . . . several Zapatista bases: Mentinis, 20; Worth H. Weller, Mentinis, 20; Worth H. Weller, Conflict in Chiapas: Understanding the Modern Mayan World Conflict in Chiapas: Understanding the Modern Mayan World (North Manchester, IN: DeWitt, 2000), 84. (North Manchester, IN: DeWitt, 2000), 84.
Page 166 "We have a way": Beverly Bell, "Cola Wars in Mexico: Tzotzil Indians in Mexico Know the Dangers of Globalization and Soda Pop," Beverly Bell, "Cola Wars in Mexico: Tzotzil Indians in Mexico Know the Dangers of Globalization and Soda Pop," In These Times In These Times, October 6, 2006.
Page 167 too egregious for some to ignore: John Ross, "Coca-Cola's Raid on a Sacred Mountain," John Ross, "Coca-Cola's Raid on a Sacred Mountain," Counterpunch Counterpunch, September 7, 2007.
Page 167 coalition of neighborhood groups: Cesar Morales, interview by the author. Cesar Morales, interview by the author.
Page 168 spend some $50 million annually: Gustavo Castro, interview by the author. Gustavo Castro, interview by the author. Page 168 "The adults aren't salvageable": Page 168 "The adults aren't salvageable": Teresa Zepeda, interview by the author. Teresa Zepeda, interview by the author.
Page 168 In 1999, the Coca-Cola Foundation . . . put up $155,000: Jordan, 102. Jordan, 102.
Page 169 authorization for a small bottling plant: Jordan, 110; Dominguez, interview by the author. Jordan, 110; Dominguez, interview by the author.
CHAPTER 7. "SYRUPIN THE VEINS".
Page 172 sales languished over the years: Testimony of Richard I. Kirby, Oral argument and evidentiary hearing, April 22, 2005, Testimony of Richard I. Kirby, Oral argument and evidentiary hearing, April 22, 2005, SINALTRAINAL, et al. v. The Coca-Cola Company, et al. SINALTRAINAL, et al. v. The Coca-Cola Company, et al., United States District Court, Southern District of Florida, 1:2001-cv-03208 (hereafter SINALTRAINAL v. c.o.ke SINALTRAINAL v. c.o.ke); William Jose Alberto Cruz Suarez deposition, Isidro Gil investigation, Fiscalia de la Nacion, Unidad de Derechos Humanos, Radicado Preliminar No. 164, Republica de Colombia (hereafter Gil Gil ), vol. 2, pp. 191-196. (Cruz was Bebidas's lawyer in Colombia.) ), vol. 2, pp. 191-196. (Cruz was Bebidas's lawyer in Colombia.) Page 172 sectarian bloodletting . . . Manuel Marulanda: Robin Kirk, Robin Kirk, More Terrible Than Death: Ma.s.sacres, Drugs, and America's War in Colombia More Terrible Than Death: Ma.s.sacres, Drugs, and America's War in Colombia (New York: Public Affairs, 2003), 15-41; Steven Dudley, (New York: Public Affairs, 2003), 15-41; Steven Dudley, Walking Ghosts: Murder and Guerrilla Politics in Colombia Walking Ghosts: Murder and Guerrilla Politics in Colombia (New York: Routledge, 2004), 3-19. (New York: Routledge, 2004), 3-19.
Page 172 Fuerzas Armadas . . . Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia: Kirk, 47-55; Dudley, 19. Kirk, 47-55; Dudley, 19.
Page 173 infiltrated the unions in the banana-processing plants: Dudley, 129. Dudley, 129.
Page 173 kidnapping and holding wealthy people: Kirk, 67. Kirk, 67.
Page 173 ELN "taxed" bottling plants: "Los paras contra Coca-Cola," "Los paras contra Coca-Cola," Cambio Cambio, February 8, 1999.
Page 173 rancher named Ramon Isaza: Joseph Contreras, "Paramilitary Patriarch," Joseph Contreras, "Paramilitary Patriarch," Newsweek Newsweek, September 6, 1999.
Page 173 they began killing FARC and ELN "tax collectors": Kirk, 102-125; Dudley, 73. Kirk, 102-125; Dudley, 73. Page 173 increasingly brutal ma.s.sacres: Page 173 increasingly brutal ma.s.sacres: Dudley, 19, 71-73. Dudley, 19, 71-73.
Page 173 paramilitaries . . . declared illegal: Kirk, 125-128. Kirk, 125-128.
Page 173 Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia: Kirk, 141-177. Kirk, 141-177.
Page 174 the brutal Freddy Rendon Herrera: David Adams, "Colombia Shaken As Paramilitary Leaders Testify," David Adams, "Colombia Shaken As Paramilitary Leaders Testify," St. Petersburg Times St. Petersburg Times, June 18, 2007.
Page 174 ordering the deaths of three thousand: "'H.H.' se confiesa," "'H.H.' se confiesa," El spectador El spectador, August 2, 2008; "Ex-Paramilitary Chief in Colombia Admits to Atrocities," Agence France Presse, August 3, 2008.
Page 174 decapitated a boy in front of the crowd: Kirk, 195; Joshua Hammer, "Mayor with a Mission," Kirk, 195; Joshua Hammer, "Mayor with a Mission," Newsweek Newsweek, April 21, 1997; Tom Boswell, "Leading a City That Has Become a Battlefield," National Catholic Reporter National Catholic Reporter, January 24, 1997.
Page 174 cut off the head of an elderly man: Adams, "Colombia Shaken As Paramilitary Leaders Testify." Adams, "Colombia Shaken As Paramilitary Leaders Testify."
Page 174 bottling plant in Carepa was struggling: Luis Hernan Manco Monroy and Oscar Giraldo Arango, interviews by the author. Luis Hernan Manco Monroy and Oscar Giraldo Arango, interviews by the author.
Page 174 SINALTRAINAL began to organize workers: Alejandro Garcia, lawyer for SINALTRAINAL, interview by the author; William Jose Alberto Cruz Suarez deposition, Alejandro Garcia, lawyer for SINALTRAINAL, interview by the author; William Jose Alberto Cruz Suarez deposition, Gil Gil 2:191-196. 2:191-196.
Page 174 workers can be fired at will: Alejandro Garcia, interview by the author. Alejandro Garcia, interview by the author.
Page 175 Manco simply disappeared: Manco, interview by the author. Manco, interview by the author.
Page 175 Two weeks later, it was Giraldo's turn: Giraldo, interview by the author. Giraldo, interview by the author.
Page 175 shot while drinking on his front stoop: Gomez death certificate, Gomez death certificate, Gil Gil 1:82; letter from Luz Marina Cifuentes Catano, March 31, 1997; 1:82; letter from Luz Marina Cifuentes Catano, March 31, 1997; Gil Gil 1:108-109. 1:108-109.
Page 175 seeing Milan socializing with local paramilitaries: Complaint (1), Complaint (1), SINALTRAINAL v. c.o.ke SINALTRAINAL v. c.o.ke, 20; Manco and Giraldo, interviews by the author.
Page 175 "sweep away the union": Complaint, Complaint, SINALTRAINAL v. c.o.ke SINALTRAINAL v. c.o.ke (1), 19; Luis Adolfo Cardona Usma deposition, (1), 19; Luis Adolfo Cardona Usma deposition, Gil Gil 2:181-187. 2:181-187.
Page 175 "hasn't been destroyed": Hernan Manco, amplification of deposition, Hernan Manco, amplification of deposition, Gil Gil 1: 283-291; Manco, interview by the author. 1: 283-291; Manco, interview by the author.
Page 176 protesting Milan's a.s.sociations: Letter from Javier Correa to Bebidas y Alimientos de Uraba, September 27, 1995, included as exhibit B to original complaint (1), Letter from Javier Correa to Bebidas y Alimientos de Uraba, September 27, 1995, included as exhibit B to original complaint (1), SINALTRAINAL v. c.o.ke SINALTRAINAL v. c.o.ke.
Page 176 negotiating a new labor contract: List of worker demands, November 22, 1996, List of worker demands, November 22, 1996, Gil Gil 2:226-230. 2:226-230.
Page 176 Born in a small town . . . thrived at the plant: Martin Gil, interview by the author. Martin Gil, interview by the author.
Page 176 argued for a workers' compensation payment: Report, Cuerpo Tecnico de Investigacion (hereafter CTI) Apartado, June 18, 1997, Report, Cuerpo Tecnico de Investigacion (hereafter CTI) Apartado, June 18, 1997, Gil Gil 1:269-279; Ariosto Milan Mosquera deposition, 1:269-279; Ariosto Milan Mosquera deposition, Gil Gil 4:16-21. 4:16-21.
Page 176 crack of a pistol rang out behind him: Giraldo, interview by the author. Giraldo, interview by the author.
Page 176 watched Gil's head snap backward: Manco, interview by the author. Manco, interview by the author.
Page 177 ten bullets . . . outside the gate: Gil autopsy report, December 10, 1996 (Diligencia de Necropsia, No. UCH-NC-96-412), Gil autopsy report, December 10, 1996 (Diligencia de Necropsia, No. UCH-NC-96-412), Gil Gil 1:87; photographs of Gil's body, 1:87; photographs of Gil's body, Gil Gil 1:243- 246. Neither the Coca-Cola Company nor its bottlers have ever denied that Gil was killed at the plant. In initial reports, the company claimed that he died outside the gates; however, in more recent interviews, including the author's interview of Ed Potter, the company has conceded that he was killed inside the plant. 1:243- 246. Neither the Coca-Cola Company nor its bottlers have ever denied that Gil was killed at the plant. In initial reports, the company claimed that he died outside the gates; however, in more recent interviews, including the author's interview of Ed Potter, the company has conceded that he was killed inside the plant.
Page 177 Adolfo Cardona, ran to the body: Cardona, interview by the author; Cardona deposition, Cardona, interview by the author; Cardona deposition, Gil Gil 2:181-187. 2:181-187.
Page 177 jumped on his own motorcycle . . . declare him dead: Gil, interview by the author. Gil, interview by the author.
Page 177 known as "El Diablo". . . safety of the police station: Cardona, interview by the author; Cardona deposition. Cardona, interview by the author; Cardona deposition.
Page 178 Bebidas would buy plane tickets: Manco and Giraldo, interviews by the author. Manco and Giraldo, interviews by the author.
Page 178 paramilitaries were busy breaking into the union hall: Letter from Javier Correa and Hernan Manco to Fiscalia, Letter from Javier Correa and Hernan Manco to Fiscalia, Gil Gil 1:52; CTI Antioquia report, October 5, 1998, 1:52; CTI Antioquia report, October 5, 1998, Gil Gil 1, unidentified page; Complaint (1), 1, unidentified page; Complaint (1), SINALTRAINAL v. c.o.ke SINALTRAINAL v. c.o.ke, 21.
Page 179 "That kid was murdered at the plant": Manco, interview by the author. Manco, interview by the author.
Page 179 forty-five members signed letters or fled town: List prepared by Javier Correa, and resignation letters, List prepared by Javier Correa, and resignation letters, Gil Gil 2:100-150. 2:100-150.
Page 179 wasn't an isolated occurrence: Javier Correa, interview by the author. Javier Correa, interview by the author.
Page 179 SINALTRAINAL is unapologetically militant: Lesley Gill, interview by the author; SINALTRAINAL, Lesley Gill, interview by the author; SINALTRAINAL, Una delirante ambicion imperial Una delirante ambicion imperial (Bogota: Universo Latino, 2003). (Bogota: Universo Latino, 2003).
Page 180 nothing to say about the situation: Amplification of deposition of William Jose Alberto Cruz Suarez, Amplification of deposition of William Jose Alberto Cruz Suarez, Gil Gil 2:216-220; Alejandro Garcia, interview by the author. 2:216-220; Alejandro Garcia, interview by the author.
Page 180 learned about the murder days after: Mark Thomas, Mark Thomas, Belching Out the Devil: Global Adventures with Coca-Cola Belching Out the Devil: Global Adventures with Coca-Cola (New York: Nation Books, 2009), 351. (New York: Nation Books, 2009), 351.
Page 180 fault of the paramilitaries: Detention order for Miguel Enrique Vergara Salgado, Detention order for Miguel Enrique Vergara Salgado, Gil Gil 3:320-347. 3:320-347.
Page 180 terminated for "abandoning their place of work": Lesley Gill, "Labor and Human Rights: 'The Real Thing' in Colombia," paper presented to the Human Rights Committee of the American Anthropological a.s.sociation, Washington, D.C., November 28, 2004; amplification of deposition of William Jose Alberto Cruz Suarez, Lesley Gill, "Labor and Human Rights: 'The Real Thing' in Colombia," paper presented to the Human Rights Committee of the American Anthropological a.s.sociation, Washington, D.C., November 28, 2004; amplification of deposition of William Jose Alberto Cruz Suarez, Gil Gil 2:216-220. 2:216-220.
Page 180 "You have to leave": Manco, interview by the author. Manco, interview by the author.
Page 181 threatened him at gunpoint: Giraldo, interview by the author. Giraldo, interview by the author.
Page 181 "No, we do not drink": Manco and Giraldo, interviews by the author. Manco and Giraldo, interviews by the author.
Page 181 "Conducting business in the current environment": Jeffrey Distler, Consumer Affairs Specialist, The Coca-Cola Company, to Ellie Mitch.e.l.l, United Steelworkers Union, October 24, 2001. Jeffrey Distler, Consumer Affairs Specialist, The Coca-Cola Company, to Ellie Mitch.e.l.l, United Steelworkers Union, October 24, 2001.
Page 182 established a code of ethics: The Coca-Cola Company, Supplier Guiding Principles, The Coca-Cola Company, Supplier Guiding Principles, http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/citizenship/pdf/SGP_Brochure_ENG.pdf.
Page 182 investigation into Gil's murder: Fiscalia General de la Nacion, Unidad Nacional de Derechos Humanos, Radicado Preliminar No. 164 ( Fiscalia General de la Nacion, Unidad Nacional de Derechos Humanos, Radicado Preliminar No. 164 (Gil).
Page 182 ident.i.ty of "Caliche": CTI report, October 5, 1998, CTI report, October 5, 1998, Gil Gil 1: 205-206; Ariel Gomez death certificate, 1: 205-206; Ariel Gomez death certificate, Gil Gil 1:280. 1:280.
Page 182 identified as Enrique Vergara: Letter from Gloria Correa Martinez, Unidad Nacional de Derechos Humanos, August 1998, Letter from Gloria Correa Martinez, Unidad Nacional de Derechos Humanos, August 1998, Gil Gil 1:163. 1:163.
Page 182 henchman of El Aleman: CTI report, June 19, 1998, CTI report, June 19, 1998, Gil Gil 1:313-324; CTI report, undated, 1:313-324; CTI report, undated, Gil Gil 1:327-330. 1:327-330.
Page 182 Multiple witnesses . . . hang out with them: Jose Joaquin Giraldo Graciano deposition, Jose Joaquin Giraldo Graciano deposition, Gil Gil 2:24-29; Jose Heriberto Sierra Renfigo deposition, 2:24-29; Jose Heriberto Sierra Renfigo deposition, Gil Gil 2:30-36; Gudnara del Socorro Osorio deposition, 2:30-36; Gudnara del Socorro Osorio deposition, Gil Gil 2:41-46. 2:41-46.
Page 182 Marin let the paramilitaries: Joaquin Giraldo deposition, Joaquin Giraldo deposition, Gil Gil 2:24-29; Jose Heriberto Sierra Renfigo deposition, 2:24-29; Jose Heriberto Sierra Renfigo deposition, Gil Gil 2:30-34; Humberto de Jesus Pena deposition, 2:30-34; Humberto de Jesus Pena deposition, Gil Gil 2:35-40. 2:35-40.
Page 182 Milan had resigned: Ariosto Milan Mosquera to Richard Kirby Kielland, November 28, 1996, Ariosto Milan Mosquera to Richard Kirby Kielland, November 28, 1996, Gil Gil 3:17. 3:17.
Page 182 Marin left six months later: Rigoberto Marin Restrepo to Peggy Ann Kielland, June 25, 1997, Rigoberto Marin Restrepo to Peggy Ann Kielland, June 25, 1997, Gil Gil 3:24. 3:24.
Page 182 not only for Cepillo, but for Marin and Milan as well: Arrest warrants, February 10, 1999, Arrest warrants, February 10, 1999, Gil Gil 2:233-250. 2:233-250.
Page 183 "leaves not the slightest doubt": Orders for preventive detention, September 2, 1999, Orders for preventive detention, September 2, 1999, Gil Gil 3:219-247. 3:219-247.
Page 183 declared their innocence . . . collaborating with guerrillas himself: Ferenc Alain Legitime Julio (Milan's lawyer), undated letter, Ferenc Alain Legitime Julio (Milan's lawyer), undated letter, Gil Gil 3:267-278; Ariosto Milan Mosquera deposition, 3:267-278; Ariosto Milan Mosquera deposition, Gil Gil 4:16-21; Rigoberto Marin Restrepo deposition, 4:16-21; Rigoberto Marin Restrepo deposition, Gil Gil 4:22-26; Rigoberto Marin Restrepo amplification of deposition, 4:22-26; Rigoberto Marin Restrepo amplification of deposition, Gil Gil 4:124-130. 4:124-130.
Page 183 it didn't have sufficient evidence: Decision, June 19, 2000, Decision, June 19, 2000, Gil Gil 4:153-161. 4:153-161.
Page 183 typical of the Colombian justice system: Dora Lucy, interview by the author. Dora Lucy, interview by the author.
Page 183 fewer than a hundred convictions: Human Rights Watch, Human Rights Watch, World Report 2009-Colombia World Report 2009-Colombia, January 14, 2009.
Page 183 public backlash: Human Rights Watch, "Attorney General Reno in Colombia, March 3-4," Human Rights Watch, "Attorney General Reno in Colombia, March 3-4," Human Rights Watch Backgrounder, Human Rights Watch Backgrounder, March, 3, 1999. March, 3, 1999.
Page 184 arrested General Alejo del Rio: Human Rights Watch, Human Rights Watch, " "A Wrong Turn: The Record of the Colombian Attorney General's Office," Colombia Colombia 14, no. 3(B) (2002). 14, no. 3(B) (2002).
Page 169 sacked the head of the Human Rights Unit: Human Rights Watch, "A Wrong Turn," 2. Human Rights Watch, "A Wrong Turn," 2.
Page 184 "Osorio did severe damage": Adam Isacson, interview by the author. Adam Isacson, interview by the author.
Page 184 bases near Coca-Cola bottling plants: Steven Dudley, "War in Colombia's Oil-fields," Steven Dudley, "War in Colombia's Oil-fields," The Nation The Nation, August 5, 2002.
Page 184 met with AUC head Carlos Castano: "Los paras contra Coca-Cola," "Los paras contra Coca-Cola," Cambio, Cambio, February 8, 1999. February 8, 1999.
Page 185 "I don't think it's valid": Maria McFarland, interview by the author. Maria McFarland, interview by the author.
Page 186 profits of $10 million a year: David J. Lynch, "Murder and Payoffs Taint Business in Colombia," David J. Lynch, "Murder and Payoffs Taint Business in Colombia," USA Today USA Today, October 30, 2007.
