The Abacus And The Cross Part 14

---. "Schools and Scholars: The Study of the Abacus in English Schools c. 980-c. 1150." English Historical Review English Historical Review 94 (1979): 71-85. 94 (1979): 71-85.

Evans, Joan. Monastic Life at Cluny Monastic Life at Cluny. Oxford University Press, 1931.

Fletcher, Richard. The Quest for El Cid The Quest for El Cid. Oxford University Press, 1989.

Flusche, Anna Marie. The Life and Legend of Gerbert of Aurillac The Life and Legend of Gerbert of Aurillac. Edwin Mellen Press, 2006.

Focillon, Henri. The Year 1000 The Year 1000. Harper, 1971.

Folkerts, Menso. The Development of Mathematics in Medieval Europe The Development of Mathematics in Medieval Europe. Ashgate, 2006.

---. Essays on Early Medieval Mathematics Essays on Early Medieval Mathematics. Ashgate, 2003.

---. "The Names and Forms of the Numerals on the Abacus in the Gerbert Tradition." In Gerberto d'Aurillac: Da abate di Bobbio a Papa dell'anno 1000 Gerberto d'Aurillac: Da abate di Bobbio a Papa dell'anno 1000, ed. Flavio G. Nuvolone, 245-265. Archivum Bobbiense Studii IV. a.s.sociazione culturale amici di Archivum Bobiense, 2001.

---. "Review of De Verhandeling over de Cirkelkwadratuur van Franco van Luik van Omstreeks 1050 De Verhandeling over de Cirkelkwadratuur van Franco van Luik van Omstreeks 1050 by A. J. E. M. Smeur." by A. J. E. M. Smeur." Isis Isis 63 (1972): 272-274. 63 (1972): 272-274.

Fournier, Sylvie. A Brief History of Parchment and Illumination A Brief History of Parchment and Illumination. Les editions Fragile, 1998.

Fra.s.setto, Michael, ed. The Year 1000: Religious and Social Response to the Turning of the First Millennium The Year 1000: Religious and Social Response to the Turning of the First Millennium. Palgrave/Macmillan, 2002.

Freedman, Paul. The Diocese of Vic The Diocese of Vic. Rutgers University Press, 1983.

Ganz, Peter, ed. The Role of the Book in Medieval Culture The Role of the Book in Medieval Culture. Brepols, 1986.

Geary, Patrick. Furta Sacra: Thefts of Relics in the Central Middle Ages Furta Sacra: Thefts of Relics in the Central Middle Ages. Princeton University Press, 1978.

Gibson, Margaret, ed. Boethius: His Life, Thought, and Influence Boethius: His Life, Thought, and Influence. Blackwell, 1981.

Glenn, Jason. Politics and History in the Tenth Century: The Work and World of Richer of Reims Politics and History in the Tenth Century: The Work and World of Richer of Reims. Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Glick, Thomas. From Muslim Fortress to Christian Castle From Muslim Fortress to Christian Castle. Manchester University Press, 1995.

---. Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages. 2nd edition. Princeton University Press, 2005.

Glick, Thomas, Steven J. Livesey, and Faith Wallis, eds. Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine: An Encyclopedia Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine: An Encyclopedia. Routledge, 2005.

Gottscher, Leandro. "Ancient Methods of Parchment-Making." In Ancient and Medieval Book Materials and Techniques Ancient and Medieval Book Materials and Techniques, ed. Marilena Maniaci and Paola F. Munafo, vol. 1: 41-56. Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1993.

Grant, Edward. A Source Book in Medieval Sciences A Source Book in Medieval Sciences. Harvard University Press, 1974.

Grier, James. The Musical World of a Medieval Monk: Ademar de Chabannes in Eleventh-Century Aquitaine The Musical World of a Medieval Monk: Ademar de Chabannes in Eleventh-Century Aquitaine. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

Gunther, Robert T. Astrolabes of the World Astrolabes of the World. Oxford University Press, 1932; reprint, 1976.

Guyotjeannin, Olivier, and Emmanuel Poulle, eds. Autour de Gerbert d'Aurillac: Le pape de l'an mil Autour de Gerbert d'Aurillac: Le pape de l'an mil. Alb.u.m de doc.u.ments commentes: Materiaux pour l'histoire. L'ecole des Chartes 1, 1996.

Hallam, Elizabeth M. Capetian France, 987-1328 Capetian France, 987-1328. Longman, 1980.

Head, Thomas. "Art and Artifice in Ottonian Trier." Gesta Gesta 36 (1997): 65-82. 36 (1997): 65-82.

---. "The Development of the Peace of G.o.d in Aquitaine (970-1005)." Speculum Speculum 74 (1999): 656-686. 74 (1999): 656-686.

---. Hagiography and the Cult of Saints Hagiography and the Cult of Saints. Cambridge University Press, 1990.

---. "Letaldus of Micy and the Hagiographic Traditions of the Abbey of Nouaille." a.n.a.lecta Bollandiana a.n.a.lecta Bollandiana 115 (1997): 253-267. 115 (1997): 253-267.

---. "Peace and Power in France Around the Year 1000." Essays in Medieval Studies Essays in Medieval Studies 23 (2007): 1-17. 23 (2007): 1-17.

Head, T., and R. Landes, eds. The Peace of G.o.d: Social Violence and Religious Response in France Around the Year 1000 The Peace of G.o.d: Social Violence and Religious Response in France Around the Year 1000. Cornell University Press, 1992.

Hentschel, Frank. "Gerbert, Organa, and Historical Thinking." In Gerbertus qui et Silvester, minima gerbertiana da Piacenza a Lovanio, e altri studi a 1000 anni dalla morte del Pontefice (12.V.1003) Gerbertus qui et Silvester, minima gerbertiana da Piacenza a Lovanio, e altri studi a 1000 anni dalla morte del Pontefice (12.V.1003). Archivum Bobiense 24 (2002): 53-77.

Hetherington, Paul. Medieval Rome Medieval Rome. St. Martin's, 1994.

Hourani, George. "The Early Growth of the Secular Sciences in Andalusia." Studia Islamica Studia Islamica 32 (1970): 155-156. 32 (1970): 155-156.

Ifrah, Georges. From One to Zero: A Universal History of Numbers From One to Zero: A Universal History of Numbers. Viking, 1985.

---. The Universal History of Numbers: From Prehistory to the Invention of the Computer The Universal History of Numbers: From Prehistory to the Invention of the Computer. John Wiley and Sons, 2000.

Iogna-Prat, Dominique. Order and Exclusion: Cluny and Christendom Face Heresy, Judaism, and Islam (1000-1150). Order and Exclusion: Cluny and Christendom Face Heresy, Judaism, and Islam (1000-1150). Cornell University Press, 2002. Cornell University Press, 2002.

Irving, Washington. Columbus: His Life and Voyages. Columbus: His Life and Voyages. G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1828; reprint, Read Books, 2007. G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1828; reprint, Read Books, 2007.

Jaeger, C. Stephen. The Envy of Angels The Envy of Angels. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994.

---. The Origins of Courtliness The Origins of Courtliness. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985.

Jenkins, Romilly. Byzantium: The Imperial Centuries, AD 610-1071 Byzantium: The Imperial Centuries, AD 610-1071. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1966.

Juste, David. Les Alchandreana primitifs: Etude sur les plus anciens traites astrologiques latins d'origine arabe (Xe siecle) Les Alchandreana primitifs: Etude sur les plus anciens traites astrologiques latins d'origine arabe (Xe siecle). Brill, 2007.

---. "La sphere planetaire du ms. Vatican, BAV, Pal. lat. 1356 (XIIe siecle)." In Entre Nadir et Zenith: Melanges d'histoire des sciences offerts a Hossam Elkhadem Entre Nadir et Zenith: Melanges d'histoire des sciences offerts a Hossam Elkhadem , ed. Jean-Marie Duvosquel, Robert Halleux, and David Juste, 205-221. Archives et Bibliotheques de Belgique, 2007. , ed. Jean-Marie Duvosquel, Robert Halleux, and David Juste, 205-221. Archives et Bibliotheques de Belgique, 2007.

Kennedy, E. S., and Marcel Des...o...b..s. "Introduction to Kitab al'Amal bil Asturlab Kitab al'Amal bil Asturlab ." In ." In Studies in the Islamic Exact Sciences Studies in the Islamic Exact Sciences, ed. David A. King and Mary Helen Kennedy, 405ff. American University of Beirut Press, 1983.

King, David. Astrolabes and Angels Astrolabes and Angels. Franz Steiner Verlag, 2007.

---. "Astronomical Instruments Between East and West." In Kommunikation Zwischen Orient und Okzident Alltag und Sachkultur Kommunikation Zwischen Orient und Okzident Alltag und Sachkultur, ed. Harry Kuhnel, 143-198. Verlag der osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1994.

---. The Ciphers of the Monks: A Forgotten Number-Notation of the Middle Ages The Ciphers of the Monks: A Forgotten Number-Notation of the Middle Ages. Franz Steiner Verlag, 2001.

---. "The Earliest Known European Astrolabe in the Light of Other Early Astrolabes." Physis Physis (1995): 359-404. (1995): 359-404.

---. In Synchrony with the Heavens In Synchrony with the Heavens. Vols. 1 and 2. Brill, 2004-2005.

---. "Islamic Astronomy." In Astronomy Before the Telescope Astronomy Before the Telescope, ed. Christopher Walker, 143-174. St. Martin's Press, 1996.

Koetsier, Teun, and Luc Bergmans. Mathematics and the Divine: A Historical Study Mathematics and the Divine: A Historical Study. Elsevier, 2005.

Koziol, Geoffrey. Begging Pardon and Favor Begging Pardon and Favor. Cornell University Press, 1992.

Kunitzsch, Paul. "Al-Khwarizmi as a Source for the Sententie astrolabii Sententie astrolabii." In From Deferent to Equant From Deferent to Equant, ed. David King and George Saliba, 227-236. New York Academy of Sciences, 1987.

---. Stars and Numbers Stars and Numbers. Ashgate, 2004.

Landes, Richard. Relics, Apocalypse, and the Deceits of History: Ademar of Chabannes, 989-1034 Relics, Apocalypse, and the Deceits of History: Ademar of Chabannes, 989-1034. Harvard University Press, 1995.

Landes, Richard, Andrew Gox, and David C. Van Meter, eds. The Apocalyptic Year 1000 The Apocalyptic Year 1000. Oxford University Press, 2003.

Lattin, Harriet Pratt. "Lupitus Barchinonensis." Speculum Speculum 7 (1932): 58-64. 7 (1932): 58-64.

---. "Origin of Our Present System of Notation According to the Theories of Nicholai Bubnov." Isis Isis 29 (1933): 181-194. 29 (1933): 181-194.

---. "Review of a.s.saig d'Historia de les Idees Fisiques i Matematiques a la Catalunya Medieval a.s.saig d'Historia de les Idees Fisiques i Matematiques a la Catalunya Medieval by J. Millas Vallicrosa." by J. Millas Vallicrosa." Speculum Speculum 7 (1932): 436-438. 7 (1932): 436-438.

Lauranson-Rosaz, Christian. L'Auvergne et ses Marges du VIIIe au XIe Siecle L'Auvergne et ses Marges du VIIIe au XIe Siecle. Cahiers de la Haute-Loire, 1987.

---. "De l'ancienne a la nouvelle n.o.blesse." Cahiers de la Haute-Loire Cahiers de la Haute-Loire (2005): 185-198. (2005): 185-198.

---. "Theodosya.n.u.s nos instruit codex ...: Permanence et continuite du droit romain et de la romanite en Auvergne et dans le Midi de la Gaule durant le haut Moyen age." Universite Jean Moulin Cahiers du Centre d'Histoire Medievale Universite Jean Moulin Cahiers du Centre d'Histoire Medievale 3 (2005): 15-32. 3 (2005): 15-32.

Lawrence, C. H. Medieval Monasticism Medieval Monasticism. 2nd ed. Longman, 1989.

Levy, Kenneth. Gregorian Chant and the Carolingians Gregorian Chant and the Carolingians. Princeton University Press, 1998.

Leyser, Karl. Communications and Power in Medieval Europe Communications and Power in Medieval Europe. Hambledon Press, 1994.

---. Rule and Conflict in an Early Medieval Society: Ottonian Saxony Rule and Conflict in an Early Medieval Society: Ottonian Saxony. Illinois University Press, 1979.

Lindberg, David, ed. Science in the Middle Ages Science in the Middle Ages. University of Chicago Press, 1978.

Lorch, R. "The Sphaera Solida Sphaera Solida and Related Instruments." and Related Instruments." Centaurus Centaurus 24 (1980): 153-161. 24 (1980): 153-161.

Lozovsky, Natalia. "The Earth Is Our Book": Geographical Knowledge in the Latin West, ca. 400-1000. "The Earth Is Our Book": Geographical Knowledge in the Latin West, ca. 400-1000. University of Michigan Press, 2000. University of Michigan Press, 2000.

MacKinney, Loren C. Bishop Fulbert and Education at the School of Chartres Bishop Fulbert and Education at the School of Chartres. Notre Dame, Medieval Inst.i.tute, 1957.

Man, John. Atlas of the Year 1000 Atlas of the Year 1000. Harvard University Press, 1999.

Mayr-Harting, Henry. Church and Cosmos in Early Ottonian Germany Church and Cosmos in Early Ottonian Germany. Oxford University Press, 2007.

McCluskey, Stephen C. Astronomies and Cultures in Early Medieval Europe Astronomies and Cultures in Early Medieval Europe. Cambridge University Press, 1998.

---. "Gregory of Tours, Monastic Timekeeping, and Early Christian Att.i.tudes to Astronomy." Isis Isis 81 (1990): 8-22. 81 (1990): 8-22.

McKeon, R. "Rhetoric in the Middle Ages." Speculum Speculum 17 (1942): 14. 17 (1942): 14.

McKitterick, Rosamund. The Carolingians and the Written Word The Carolingians and the Written Word. Cambridge University Press, 1989.

---. "Charles the Bald (823-877) and His Library: The Patronage of Learning." English Historical Review English Historical Review 95 (1980): 28-47. 95 (1980): 28-47.

Menocal, Maria Rosa. The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews, and Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews, and Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain. Little, Brown, 2002.

Miller, G. A. "The Formula a (a + 1) for the Area of an Equilateral Triangle." American Mathematical Monthly American Mathematical Monthly 28 (1921): 256-258. 28 (1921): 256-258.

---. "Gerbert's Letter to Adelbold." School Science and Mathematics School Science and Mathematics 21 (1921): 649-653. 21 (1921): 649-653.

Moehs, Teta E. Gregorius V, 996-999: A Biographical Study Gregorius V, 996-999: A Biographical Study. Hiersemann, 1972.

Moore, R. I. Formation of a Persecuting Society Formation of a Persecuting Society. Blackwell, 1987.

Murray, Alexander. Reason and Society in the Middle Ages Reason and Society in the Middle Ages. Clarendon Press, 1978.

Navari, Joseph V. "The Leitmotiv in the Mathematical Thought of Gerbert of Aurillac." Journal of Medieval History Journal of Medieval History 1 (1975): 139-150. 1 (1975): 139-150.

Netz, Reviel, and William Noel. The Archimedes Codex The Archimedes Codex. Da Capo Press, 2007.

Nightingale, John. "Oswald, Fleury, and Continental Reform." In St Oswald of Worcester St Oswald of Worcester, ed. Nicholas Brooks and Catherine Cubitt, 26-44. Leicester University Press, 1996.

Norberg, Dag. Manuel pratique de latin medieval Manuel pratique de latin medieval. Tr. R. H. Johnson. A. and J. Picard, 1968. Http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Latin_Medieval/Dag_Norbert/index.html.

North, John. "Astrolabes." Scientific American Scientific American 230 (1974): 196. 230 (1974): 196.

Norwich, John Julius. Byzantium: The Apogee Byzantium: The Apogee. Knopf, 1992.

Nuvolone, Flavio G., "Appunti e novita sul Carmen Figurato Carmen Figurato di Gerberto d'Aurillac e la sua attivita a Bobbio." di Gerberto d'Aurillac e la sua attivita a Bobbio." Archivum Bobiense Archivum Bobiense 25 (2003): 227-345. 25 (2003): 227-345.

---. "Elna e l'iscrizione attribuita a Gerberto d'Aurillac: Gerberto si recorda del vescovo e delle martiri?" Archivum Bobiense Archivum Bobiense 29 (2007): 319-354. 29 (2007): 319-354.

---. "Gerbert d'Aurillac et la politique imperiale ottonienne en 983: Une affaire de chiffres censuree par les moines?" In Faire l'evenement au Moyen age: Le temps de l'histoire Faire l'evenement au Moyen age: Le temps de l'histoire, ed. Claude Carozzi and Huguette Taviani-Carozzi, 235-261. Publications de l'Universite de Provence, 2007.

---, ed. Gerberto d'Aurillac: Da abate di Bobbio a Papa dell'anno 1000 Gerberto d'Aurillac: Da abate di Bobbio a Papa dell'anno 1000. Archivum Bobiense Studii IV. a.s.sociazione culturale amici di Archivum Bobiense, 2001.

---, ed. Gerberto d'Aurillac-Silvestro II: Linee per una sintesi. Atti del convegno intern.a.z.ionale: Bobbio, Auditorium di S. Chiara, 11 settembre 2004 Gerberto d'Aurillac-Silvestro II: Linee per una sintesi. Atti del convegno intern.a.z.ionale: Bobbio, Auditorium di S. Chiara, 11 settembre 2004. Archivum Bobbiense Studii V. a.s.sociazione culturale amici di Archivum Bobiense, 2005.

---. "Gerberto lacsia delle imp.r.o.nte: Iscrizione e monogramma. Ipotesi di lettura." Archivum Bobiense Archivum Bobiense 27-28 (2005-2006): 257-320. 27-28 (2005-2006): 257-320.

---, ed. Gerbertus qui et Silvester, minima gerbertiana da Piacenza a Lovanio, e altri studi a 1000 anni dalla morte del Pontefice (12.V.1003) Gerbertus qui et Silvester, minima gerbertiana da Piacenza a Lovanio, e altri studi a 1000 anni dalla morte del Pontefice (12.V.1003). Archivum Bobiense 24 (2002). a.s.sociazione Amici di Archivum Bobiense, 2003.

---. "La Presenza delle Cifre Indo-Arabe nel Carmen Figurato Carmen Figurato di Gerberto: Una discussione." di Gerberto: Una discussione." Archivum Bobiense Archivum Bobiense 26 (2004): 321-372. 26 (2004): 321-372.

Obrist, Barbara, ed. Abbon de Fleury Abbon de Fleury. Publications universitaires Denis Diderot, 2006.

Pekonen, Osmo. "Gerbert d'Aurillac: Mathematician and Pope." Mathematical Intelligencer Mathematical Intelligencer 22 (2000): 67-70. 22 (2000): 67-70.

Pijoan, Joseph. "Oliba de Ripoll (971-1046)." Art Studies Art Studies 6 (1928). 6 (1928).