Remarkable Creatures Part 5

Reverend Jones brushed down the sleeves of his coat and pursed his lips."Miss Philpot, I am surprised. I thought you and your sisters were well versed in the Bible."

"We are-"

"Let me make it clear: you need only look to Scripture for answers to your questions. Come." He led the way back to the pulpit, where the Bible he had read from lay.

As he began flipping through the pages, the girl approached. "Reverend Jones, sir, I done the sweeping."

"Thank you, f.a.n.n.y." Reverend Jones regarded her for a moment, then said, "There is something else I would like you to do for me, child. Come over to the Bible. I want you to read something out to Miss Philpot. There's another penny in it for you." He turned to me. "f.a.n.n.y Miller and her family joined St Michael's a few years ago from the Congregationalists, for they were deeply disturbed by the Annings' fossil hunting. The Church of England is clearer in its biblical interpretation than some of the Dissenters' churches. You have found much comfort here, haven't you, f.a.n.n.y?"

f.a.n.n.y nodded. She had wide, crystal blue eyes topped with smooth, dark eyebrows that contrasted with her fair hair. She would never lead with her eyes, though they were her best feature, but with her brow, which was wrinkled with apprehension as she gazed at the Bible.

"Don't be frightened, f.a.n.n.y," Reverend Jones said to soothe her. "You are a very good reader. I have heard you at Sunday school. Start here." He laid a finger on a pa.s.sage.

She read in a halting whisper: "And G.o.d said, 'Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life, and fowl that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven.' And G.o.d created great whales, and every living creature that moveth, which the waters brought forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged fowl after his kind; and G.o.d saw that it was good. And G.o.d blessed them, saying, 'Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let fowl multiply in the earth.' And the evening and the morning were the fifth day.

"Excellent, f.a.n.n.y, you may stop there."

I thought he had finished patronising me by having an ignorant girl read out from Genesis, but Reverend Jones himself continued, "And G.o.d said, 'Let the earth bring forth the living creature after his kind, cattle, and creeping thing, and beast of the earth after his kind,' and it was so."

I stopped listening after a few lines. I knew them anyway, and couldn't bear his oboe voice, which lacked the depth one expected of a man in his position. I actually preferred f.a.n.n.y's unschooled recitation. While he read I let my eye rest on the page. To the left of the Biblical words were annotations in red of Bishop Ussher's chronological calculations of the Bible. According to him, G.o.d created Heaven and Earth on the night preceding the 23rd October 4004 BC. I had always wondered at his precision.

"...And the evening and the morning were the sixth day."

When Reverend Jones finished we were silent.

"You see, Miss Philpot, it really is very simple," Reverend Jones said. He seemed much more confident now that he had the Bible with him. "All that you see about you is as G.o.d set it out in the beginning. He did not create beasts and then get rid of them. That would suggest He had made a mistake, and of course G.o.d is all-knowing and incapable of error, is He not?"

"I suppose not," I conceded.

Reverend Jones' mouth writhed. "You suppose not?"

"Of course not," I said quickly. "I'm sorry; it's just that I am confused. You are saying that everything we see around us is exactly as G.o.d created it, are you not? The mountains and seas and rocks and hills-the landscape is as it was at the beginning?"

"Of course." Reverend Jones looked around at his church, tidy and quiet. "We are done here, aren't we, f.a.n.n.y?"

"Yes, Reverend Jones."

But I was not done. "So every rock we see is as G.o.d created it at the beginning," I persisted. "And the rocks came first, as it says in Genesis, before the animals."

"Yes, yes." Reverend Jones was becoming impatient, his mouth chewing an imaginary straw.

"If that is the case, then how did the skeletons of animals get inside rocks and become fossils? If the rocks were already created by G.o.d before the animals, how is it that there are bodies in the rocks?"

Reverend Jones stared at me, his mouth at last stilled into a tight straight line. f.a.n.n.y Miller's forehead was a field of furrows. One of the pews creaked in the stillness.

"G.o.d placed the fossils there when He created the rocks, to test our faith," he responded at last. "As He is clearly testing yours, Miss Philpot."

It is my faith in you that is being tested, I thought.

"Now, I really am very late for my dinner," Reverend Jones continued. He picked up the Bible, a gesture that seemed to suggest he thought I might steal it. "Do not ask me difficult questions," he might as well have said.

I never again mentioned fossils to Reverend Jones.

Lord Henley had to wait almost the agreed two years for the crocodile body to emerge. At first when I saw him at church or the a.s.sembly Rooms or on the street, he would shout each time, "Where's the body? Have you dug it out yet?" I would have to explain that the landslip was still blocking it and could not easily be shifted. He seemed not to understand until Mary and Joseph Anning and I took him one day to see the landslip for himself. He was startled, and also angry. "No one told me there was this much rock blocking it," he claimed, stomping at a bubble of clay. "You've misled me, Miss Philpot, you and the Annings."

"Indeed no, Lord Henley," I replied. "Remember, we said it may take up to two years to clear, and if the body isn't uncovered by then you will get the skull regardless."

He was still angry, and would not listen, but mounted the grey horse he rode everywhere and galloped back up the beach, spraying water.

It was Molly Anning who reined in Lord Henley. She did little but let him rant. When he had run out of words and breath, she said, "You want your three pounds back, I'll give it you now. There be plenty of others lined up to buy that skull, and for a better price too. Here, take your money." She reached into her ap.r.o.n pocket as if she had anything other than air in it, the money being long spent. Of course Lord Henley backed down. I envied Molly her confidence with such a man, though I didn't tell her, for she would have responded with a scornful, "And I envy you your one hundred and fifty pounds per year."

Eventually Lord Henley's pursuit of the crocodile died down. It requires patience to look for fossils. Only Mary and William Lock and I remained attentive, checking the landslip after every storm and spring tide. Mary tried to get there first, but sometimes William Lock slipped in before her.

Mercifully, a fever kept the hostler abed and got Mary and me out early the day she found it. A huge storm had lasted two days, and was too fierce for anyone to venture out during it. On the third morning I woke at dawn to a strange quiet, and knew. I left my warm bed, dressed quickly, threw on my cloak and bonnet and hurried out.

The sun was just a sliver off Portland, and the beach was empty but for a familiar figure in the distance. As I got to the end of Church Cliffs I could see the landslip was gone, the storm having scrubbed clean the beach as if expecting a special guest. Mary had climbed up onto the ledge the hole made and was hammering at the cliff. When I called to her she turned. "It's here, Miss Philpot! I found it!" she cried, jumping from the ledge. We smiled at each other. For this brief moment, before all the fuss began, we savoured the solitude of the dawn, and the purity of finding treasure together.

It took the Day brothers three days to extract the body, working around the tides. As they got out each slab and laid it on the beach, it was like watching a mosaic being put together before us. As when the skull had been dug out, a crowd gathered to watch the Days and inspect the crocodile. A few were fascinated and keen to speculate on its origins. Others enjoyed the spectacle but threw dark looks at it. "It be a monster, is what it be," a man muttered. "Watch the croc'll come and eat you in your bed if you're bad!" a mother called after her children. "Lord, it be ugly," another said. "Let Lord Henley come and lock it away in the Manor!"

Lord Henley also came to see it, though he did not even dismount from his horse. "Excellent," he declared, the horse jogging sideways as if to keep its distance from the stone slabs. "I will send my coach as soon as it's ready." He seemed to have forgotten that cleaning and mounting the specimen would take several weeks. And he still had to agree a price before the Annings would give it up.

I had expected to be involved in this negotiation, but discovered soon after the specimen had been brought back to the workshop that Molly Anning had already done the business, and Lord Henley paid them twenty-three pounds for it. Moreover, she shrewdly got him to waive any rights to other fossils they found on his property. She had even written it out in a note he signed, when I had a.s.sumed she couldn't write. I could not have done better myself.

It was only when the body had been cleaned and placed next to the skull that we could at last see the creature for what it was: an impressive, eighteen-foot stone monster unlike anything we had ever heard of. It was not a crocodile. It was not just the huge eyes, the long smooth snout and the even teeth. It also had paddles rather than legs, and its torso was an elongated barrel woven of ribs along a strong spine. It ended in a long tail, with a kink partway along the vertebrae. It made me think a bit of a dolphin, of a turtle, or a lizard, and yet none of these was quite right.

I couldn't help thinking of what Lord Henley had said about the creature being one of G.o.d's rejected models, and of Reverend Jones' response. I did not know what to make of it. Most who came to look at the specimen called it a crocodile, as did the Annings themselves. It was easier to think that was what it was, perhaps an unusual species that lived somewhere else in the world-Africa, perhaps. But I knew it was something different, and after I saw it complete, I stopped referring to it as a crocodile, instead calling it simply Mary's creature.

Joseph Anning built a wooden frame, and once Mary had cleaned and varnished the bones, they cemented into the frame the limestone slabs that held the creatures. Then she added a skim of lime plaster around the specimen to set off the bones and give the whole thing a smooth, finished appearance. She was pleased with her handiwork, but once it disappeared to Colway Manor she heard nothing from Lord Henley, who seemed to have lost interest in the specimen, like a hunter not bothering to eat the deer he has slain. Though of course, Lord Henley was no hunter, but a collector.

Collectors have a list of items to be obtained, a cabinet of curiosities to be filled by others' work. They might go out onto the beach sometimes and walk along, frowning at the cliffs as if looking at an exhibition of dull paintings. They cannot concentrate, for the rocks all look the same to them: quartz looks like flint, beef like bones. They find little more than a few bits of broken ammonite and belemnite and call themselves experts. Then they buy from the hunters what they need to make up their list. They have little true understanding of what they collect, or even that much interest. They know it is fashionable, and that is enough for them.

Hunters spend hour after hour, day after day out in all weather, our faces sunburned, our hair tangled by the wind, our eyes in a permanent squint, our nails ragged and our fingertips torn, our hands chapped. Our boots are trimmed with mud and stained with sea water. Our clothes are filthy by the end of the day. Often we find nothing, but we are patient and hard-working and not put off by coming back empty-handed. We may have our special interest-an intact brittle star, a belemnite with its sac attached, a fossil fish with every scale in place-but we pick up other things too, and are open to what the cliffs and beach offer us. Some, like Mary, sell what they find. Others, like me, keep our finds. We label the specimens, recording where and when we found them, and display them in cases with gla.s.s tops. We study and compare specimens, and we draw conclusions. The men write up their theories and publish them in journals, which I read but may not contribute to myself.

Lord Henley stopped collecting other fossils once he had Mary's creature. Perhaps he considered it the pinnacle of his collecting achievement. Those more serious about fossils know their search is never over. There will always be more specimens to discover and study, for, as with people, each fossil is unique. There can never be too many.

Unfortunately, that would not be the last of my dealings with Lord Henley. Though we occasionally nodded at each other on the street or across church pews, I had little real contact with him for some time. When I next did, it was vehement.

It began in London. We visited annually, each spring, once the roads were clear enough to travel. It was our treat for getting through another winter in Lyme. I didn't mind so much the storms and the isolation, for these were good conditions in which to find fossils. Louise, however, could not garden, and became frustrated and silent. Worse, though, was watching Margaret grow grey and melancholic. She was a summer person, needing warmth and light and variety to stimulate her. She hated the cold, and Morley Cottage was a prison she felt trapped in, with the a.s.sembly Rooms quiet now the season was finished and no new visitors were arriving to be entertained. Winter months gave her too much time to think about the years pa.s.sing and the loss of her prospects and, bit by bit, her looks. She no longer had the fresh roundness of youth, but was becoming lined and thin. By March Margaret had always faded like a threadbare nightgown worn for too long.

London was her tonic. It gave all of us a dose of old friends and new fashions, of parties and fine food, of new novels for Margaret and natural history journals for me, and of the joy of having a child in the house, our young nephew Johnny providing welcome distraction from the onset of middle age. We went at the end of March, and generally stayed a month to six weeks, depending upon how irritated we became with our sister-in-law, and she with us. While too timid to show it outright, our brother's wife grew more and more brittle as the weeks went on, and found excuses to remain in her bedroom, or in the nursery with Johnny. I believe she thought we had grown coa.r.s.e from living in Lyme, while we found her too concerned with how things might look to others. Lyme had fostered an independent spirit in us that surprised more conservative Londoners.

We went out a good deal-to visit friends, to plays, to the Royal Academy, and of course to the British Museum, which was so close to our brother's house that it could be seen from the drawing room windows on the first floor. I was always keen to lean over the cases containing the museum's fossil collection, fogging the gla.s.s with my breath till the guards frowned. I even donated a fine complete specimen of a dapedium, a fossil fish I was particularly fond of. In thanks, Charles Konig, the Keeper of the Natural History Department, waived the museum's entrance fee for the month I was visiting. On the label the collector was called simply Philpot, neatly sidestepping the question of my s.e.x.

One spring during our stay in London, we began to hear excellent reports of William Bullock's Museum in the newly built Egyptian Hall on Piccadilly. His expanding collection contained art, antiquities, artefacts from all over the world, and a natural history collection. My brother took all of us there one day. The exterior was in the Egyptian style, with huge windows and doors with slanted sides, like the entrance to a tomb, fluted columns topped with papyrus scrolls, and statues of Isis and Osiris looking out over Piccadilly from their perches on the cornice above the door. The building's facade was painted a startling yellow, with MUSEUM trumpeted from a large sign. I thought it overly dramatic in amongst the otherwise sober brick buildings; but then, that was the point.

Perhaps it was just that, having become used to the simple whitewashed houses of Lyme, I found such novelty jarring. The collection in the Egyptian Hall was even more startling. Displayed in the oval entrance hall were a variety of curious pieces from all over the world. There were African masks and feathered totems from Pacific islands; tiny warrior figures in clay and decorated with beads; stone weapons and fur-lined cloaks from northern climates; a long, thin boat called a kayak, that could hold just one person, with carved paddles decorated with designs burnt into the wood. An Egyptian mummy was displayed in an open sarcophagus painted with gold leaf.

The next room was much larger and housed a collection of unconvincing paintings "by the Old Masters", we were told, though they looked to me to be copies done by indifferent Royal Academy students. More interesting were the cases of stuffed and mounted birds, from the plain English blue t.i.t to the exotic red-footed b.o.o.by brought back by Captain Cook from the Maldives. Margaret, Louise and I were content to study them, as from living in Lyme we had all become more aware of birds than we had been in London.

Bored with birds, however, little Johnny had gone on with his mother to the Pantherion, the museum's biggest room. He was gone but a moment before he came running back. "Auntie Margaret, come, you must see the enormous elephant!" He grabbed his aunt's hand and pulled her into the next room. The rest of us followed, bemused.

Indeed, the elephant was enormous. I had never seen one before, nor a hippopotamus, an ostrich, a zebra, a hyena or a camel. All were stuffed and grouped under a domed skylight in the centre of the room, in a gra.s.sy enclosure dotted with palm trees, depicting their habitat. We stood and stared, for these were rare sights indeed.

Being young and not appreciating rarity, Johnny did not look for long, but raced around the room. He ran up as I was inspecting a boa constrictor that had been wound around a palm tree above my head. "It's your crocodilly, Auntie Elizabeth! Come and see it!" He tugged my arm and gestured at an exhibit at the far end of the room. My nephew knew about the Lyme beast which he, like others, persisted in calling a crocodile. For his birthday I had done two watercolours of it for him, one of the fossil itself, the other of how I imagined the creature to have looked when it was alive. I went with Johnny now, curious to see a real crocodile and compare it to what Mary had found.

Johnny was not wrong, however: it was indeed "my" crocodile. I gaped at the display. Mary's creature lay on a gravel beach next to a pool of water with reeds poking out along the edges. When Mary first uncovered it, it had been flattened, its bones jumbled, but she had felt that she should leave it as she found it, rather than try to reconstruct it. Apparently William Bullock felt no such constraint, having prised the whole body away from the slabs that held it, rearranged the bones so the paddles had clear forms, stacked the vertebrae in a straight line, and even added what were probably plaster of Paris ribs added where some had gone missing. Worse, they'd put a waistcoat around its chest, with the paddles sticking out of the arm holes, and perched an oversize monocle by one of its prominent eyes. Near its snout was spread a tempting array of animals a crocodile might feed on: rabbits, frogs, fish. At least they had not managed to prise open the mouth and stuff prey into its craw.

The label read: STONE CROCODILE.

Found by Henry Hoste Henley

In the wilds of Dorsetshire

I had always a.s.sumed the specimen was still in one of the many rooms at Colway Manor, mounted on a wall or set on a table. To see it in an exhibition in London, laid out in a dramatic tableau so alien to what I knew of it, and claimed by Lord Henley as his own discovery, was a shock that froze me.

It was Louise who spoke for me when the rest of the family joined Johnny and me. "That is an abomination," she said.

"Why did Lord Henley buy it if he was just going to pa.s.s it on to this-circus?" I looked around and shuddered.

"I expect he made a pretty profit," my brother said.

"How could he do that to Mary's specimen? Look, Louise, they've straightened out its tail she worked so hard to preserve as she found it." I gestured to the tail, which no longer had a kink three-quarters of the way along.

Perhaps the most upsetting thing about Mary's creature being presented in this vulgar way was how much it cheapened the experience of seeing it. In Lyme people were impressed by its strangeness, and gave it hushed respect. At Bullock's Museum it was just another display amongst many, and not even the most awe-inspiring. Though I hated seeing it laid out and dressed so ludicrously, I grew angry at visitors who gave it just a quick glance before hurrying back to the flashier elephant or hippo.

John had a word with one of the attendants and discovered that the specimen had been on display since the previous autumn, meaning Lord Henley had only owned it for a few months before selling it on.

I was so angry that I could not enjoy the rest of the museum. Johnny grew bored with my mood, as indeed did everyone but Louise, who took me off to Fortnum's for a cup of tea so that I could rant without disturbing the rest of the family. "How could he sell it?" I repeated, stirring my tea violently with a tiny spoon. "How could he take something so unusual, so remarkable, so linked to Lyme and to Mary, and sell it to a man who dresses it up like a doll and shows it off as if it is something to be laughed at! How dare he?"

Louise laid her hand over mine to stop me doing damage to one of Fortnum's cups. I dropped the spoon and leaned forward. "Do you know, Louise," I began, "I think-I think it's not a crocodile at all. It doesn't have the anatomy of a crocodile, but no one wants to say so publicly."

Louise's grey eyes remained clear and steady. "What is it, if not a crocodile?"

"A creature that no longer exists." I waited for a moment, to see if G.o.d would bring the ceiling crashing down on me. Nothing happened, however, except for the waiter arriving to refill our cups.

"How can that be?"

"Do you know of the concept of extinction?"

"You mentioned it when you were reading Cuvier, but Margaret made you stop, for it upset her."

I nodded. "Cuvier has suggested that animal species sometimes die out when they are no longer suited to survive in the world. The idea is troubling to people because it suggests that G.o.d does not have a hand in it, that He created animals and then sat back and let them die. Then there are those like Lord Henley, who say the creature is an early model for a crocodile, that G.o.d made it and rejected it. Some think G.o.d used the Flood to rid the world of animals He didn't want. But these theories imply G.o.d could make mistakes and need to correct Himself. Do you see? All of these ideas upset someone. Many people, like our Reverend Jones at St Michael's, find it easiest to accept the Bible literally and say G.o.d created the world and all its creatures in six days, and it is still exactly as it was then, with all of the animals still existing somewhere. And they find Bishop Ussher's calculation of the world's age as six thousand years comforting rather than limiting and a little absurd." I picked up a langue de chat from the plate of biscuits between us and snapped it in two, thinking of my conversation with Reverend Jones.

"How does he explain Mary's creature, then?"

"He thinks they are swimming about off the coast of South America, and we haven't yet discovered them."

"Could that be true?"

I shook my head. "Sailors would have seen them. We have been sailing around the world for hundreds of years and never had a sighting of such a creature."

"And so you believe that what we were looking at in Bullock's Museum is a fossilised body of an animal that no longer exists. It died out, for reasons that may or may not be G.o.d's intention." Louise said this carefully, as if to make it crystal clear to herself and to me.

"Yes."

Louise chuckled and took a biscuit. "That would certainly surprise some members of the congregation at St Michael's. Reverend Jones might have to ask you to leave and join a Dissenting church!"

I finished the langue de chat. "I don't know that Dissenters are any different, really. They may differ doctrinally from the Church of England, but the Dissenters I know in Lyme interpret the Bible just as literally as Reverend Jones does. They would never accept the idea of extinction." I sighed. "Mary's creature needs studying, by anatomists, like Cuvier in Paris, or geologists from Oxford or Cambridge. They might be able to provide persuasive answers. But that will never happen while it is masquerading as an exotic Dorset croc at Bullock's!"

"It could be worse, tucked away in Colway Manor," Louise countered. "At least here more people will see it. And if the right people-your learned geologists-see it and recognise its worth, they may think it worth studying."

I had not thought of that. Louise was always more sensible than I. It was a relief to talk to her, and gave me a little comfort, but not enough to stem my fury at Lord Henley.

When we returned to Lyme the following month, I went to confront him, even before I saw Mary Anning. I did not announce my visit, nor tell my sisters where I was going, but strode across the fields between Morley Cottage and Colway Manor, ignoring the wildflowers and blooming hedgerows I'd missed while in London. Lord Henley was not at home, but I was directed to one of the boundaries of his property, where he was overseeing the digging of a drainage ditch. It had been a rainy spring while we were away, and my shoes and the hem of my dress were sodden and muddy by the time I reached him.

Lord Henley was sitting on his grey horse, watching his men work. It annoyed me that he did not get down and stand amongst them. By then, anything he did would have made me cross, for I'd had a whole month during which to fuel my anger. He did dismount for me, however, bowing and welcoming me back to Lyme. "How was your stay in London?" As he spoke, Lord Henley eyed my muddy skirt, probably thinking his wife would never be seen publicly in such dirty clothes.

"It was very good, thank you, Lord Henley. I was astonished, however, by something I saw at Bullock's Museum. I thought the specimen you bought from the Annings was still at Colway Manor, but I discovered you sold it on to Mr Bullock."

Lord Henley's face lit up. "Ah, the crocodile is on display, then? How does it look? I trust they spelled my name correctly."

"Your name was there, yes. I was rather surprised not to see Mary Anning named, however, nor even Lyme Regis."

Lord Henley looked blank. "Why would Mary Anning be named? She didn't own it."

"Mary found it, sir. Have you forgotten that?"

Lord Henley snorted. "Mary Anning is a worker. She found the crocodile on my land-Church Cliffs are part of my property, you know. Do you think these men-" he nodded at the men shifting mud "-do they own what is on this land simply because they dig it up? Of course not! It belongs to me. Besides which, Mary Anning is a female. She is a spare part. I have to represent her, as indeed I do many Lyme residents who cannot represent themselves."

For a moment the air seemed to crackle and buzz, and Lord Henley's piggish face bulged at me. It was my anger distorting everything. "Why did you make such a fuss to obtain the specimen if you were only going to sell it on?" I demanded when I had finally mastered my emotions.

Lord Henley's horse was becoming restless, and he stroked its neck to calm it. "It was cluttering up my library. It's much better where it is."

"Indeed it is, if that is the casual att.i.tude you took towards it. I did not expect such fickle behaviour from you, Lord Henley. It demeans you. Good day, sir." I turned before I could see the effect of my feeble words on him, but as I stumbled away across the field I heard his bark of laughter. He did not call out to me, as other men might have. Doubtless he was glad to see the back of me, a bedraggled spinster scattering mud and bile.

As I walked I cursed under my breath, and then began to out loud, for there was no one about to hear me. "G.o.d d.a.m.n you, you b.l.o.o.d.y idiot" I had never said such words aloud, nor even thought them, but I was so angry that I had to do something out of the ordinary. I was furious at Lord Henley for riding roughshod over scientific discovery; for turning a mystery of the world into something ba.n.a.l and foolish; for throwing my s.e.x back at me as something to be ashamed of. A spare part, indeed.

But I was angrier at myself. I had lived nine years in Lyme Regis by then, and had come to value my independence and forthrightness. However, I had not learned to stand up to the Lord Henleys of the world. I could not tell him what I thought of his selling Mary's creature in a way that he understood. Instead he ridiculed me and made me feel it was I who had done something wrong. "Idiot. b.l.o.o.d.y idiot!" I repeated.

"Oh!"