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215 "his large feet": Carl Schurz, "Reminiscences of a Long Life," McClure's Magazine 28 (Jan. 1907): 253.
215 "to be President": CW, 2:506.
216 By one o'clock: For details on Ottawa and the arrangements for the debate, see the newspaper reports in Sparks, The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, pp. 124145.
216 apparently startled Lincoln: In the following pages my account of the debates generally follows, and usually paraphrases, the texts as given in Johannsen, Lincoln-Douglas Debates. I have given specific citations only for quoted pa.s.sages.
216 "a Republican party": Johannsen, Lincoln-Douglas Debates, p. 39.
216 "of this Government": Ibid., p. 48.
217 "a chestnut horse": Ibid., p. 52.
217 "upon the merits": Ibid., p. 58.
217 "it in kind": Ibid., p. 52.
217 "to his knees": Sparks, Lincoln-Douglas Debates, pp. 140141; Henry Villard, Memoirs of Henry Villard, Journalist and Financier, 18351900 (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co, 1904), 1:93. There was a good deal of chaffering about this episode in subsequent debates, Douglas claiming that Lincoln had been so demolished that his supporters actually had to carry him from the platform, Lincoln responding that Douglas must be "actually crazy" to tell such a story. Johannsen, Lincoln-Douglas Debates, p. 151.
217 "am yet alive": Richard Yates to AL, Aug. 26, 1858, Lincoln MSS, LC; CW, 3:37.
217 "on the defensive": Jay Monaghan, The Man Who Elected Lincoln (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1956), p. 115.
217 "proslavery bamboozelling demogogue": Joseph Medill to AL, [Aug. 27, 1858], Lincoln MSS, LC.
218 day, at Freeport: Fehrenbacher, Prelude to Greatness, pp. 124126.
218 "State of Illinois": Johannsen, Lincoln-Douglas Debates, p. 79.
218 "question among ourselves": Ibid., pp. 7679.
218 "the slavery question?": Ibid., p. 79.
218 Douglas would answer: CW, 2:530.
218 "a State Const.i.tution": Johannsen, Lincoln-Douglas Debates, p. 88.
219 "to the point": CW, 2:530.
219 include the question: Explaining the true intent of the Freeport question, Fehrenbacher (Prelude to Greatness, pp. 122128) demolishes the legend that Lincoln, against the warnings of his advisers, asked the question in order to deprive Douglas of Southern support in the 1860 presidential election. But the impact of the Freeport Doctrine on Douglas's support in the South was heavy, for it appeared to rob Southerners of their victory in Dred Scott. For this reason in the next session of Congress the Democratic senatorial caucus, dominated by Southerners, virtually read Douglas out of the party and stripped him of his chairmanship of the Committee on Territories.
219 "be wholly false": Johannsen, Lincoln-Douglas Debates, p. 81.
219 "defy your wrath": Ibid., pp. 97, 100.
219 "the decided advantage": WHH to Theodore Parker, Aug. 31, 1858, Herndon-Parker MSS, University of Iowa Library.
219 "more elevated position": Lowell (Ma.s.s.) Journal and Courier, Aug. 30, 1858.
