In The Garden Of Beasts Part 22

4 "I didn't believe all her stories": Dodd, "I didn't believe all her stories": Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 24.

5 "What a youthful, carefree": de Jonge, 140. "What a youthful, carefree": de Jonge, 140.

6 Within days she found herself: Dodd, Within days she found herself: Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 24.

7 "their funny stiff dancing": Ibid., 24. "their funny stiff dancing": Ibid., 24.

8 "weren't thieves": Ibid., 25. "weren't thieves": Ibid., 25.

9 the the Berliner Schnauze: Berliner Schnauze: Jelavich, 31. Jelavich, 31.

10 "I'm not Jewish": Grunberger, 371; de Jonge, 161; for more on Finck, see Jelavich, 23641, 248. "I'm not Jewish": Grunberger, 371; de Jonge, 161; for more on Finck, see Jelavich, 23641, 248.

11 "The sun shines": Isherwood, "The sun shines": Isherwood, Berlin Stories Berlin Stories, 207.

It cannot be said enough that Germany's seeming normalcy in this period was deeply seductive to outsiders. Angela Schwarz, in her article "British Visitors to National Socialist Germany," writes that "a considerable number of British travellers concluded after a tour through the Third Reich, perhaps even one organized by the authorities, that in Germany everything was as quiet and peaceful as could be." Schwarz, 497.

12 Gleichschaltung Gleichschaltung-meaning "coordination": Orlow, 29; Bullock, 149; Kershaw, Hubris Hubris, 479; Hughes and Mann, 81; Gill, 238.

Engelmann, 36, offers a slightly different translation: "bringing into line." Orlow, in his History of the n.a.z.i Party History of the n.a.z.i Party, notes that the literal translation is "to switch equal," a physics term that "originally denoted the coordination of different types of electrical current." Orlow, 29.

13 "self-coordination": Kershaw, "self-coordination": Kershaw, Hubris Hubris, 481; Gisevius, 96; Gellately, Gestapo Gestapo, 11, 137.

14 Gerda Laufer: Gellately, Gerda Laufer: Gellately, Gestapo Gestapo, 97.

15 coined by a post office clerk: Crankshaw, 15. coined by a post office clerk: Crankshaw, 15.

16 One study of n.a.z.i records: Cited in Gellately, One study of n.a.z.i records: Cited in Gellately, Gestapo Gestapo, 146.

17 In October 1933: Gellately, In October 1933: Gellately, Gestapo Gestapo, 13738.

18 "we are living at present": Ibid., 139. "we are living at present": Ibid., 139.

There was nothing funny about the Gestapo, but this did not stop Berliners from quietly-very quietly-coining and trading jokes about the agency. Here's one of them: "At the Belgian border crossing, huge numbers of rabbits appear one day and declare that they are political refugees. 'The Gestapo wants to arrest all giraffes as enemies of the state.'-'But you're not giraffes!'-'We know that, but try explaining that to the Gestapo!'" Evans, Power Power, 106.

19 only about 1 percent: Dippel, xviii; Gill, 238. only about 1 percent: Dippel, xviii; Gill, 238.

Kershaw, in his Popular Opinion and Political Dissent Popular Opinion and Political Dissent, presents statistics that show that 70.9 percent of Germany's Jews lived in cities having more than 100,000 inhabitants. In Bavaria, the percentage was 49.5. "One implication of this is obvious," he writes: "the population of large tracts of Bavaria had no, or at best minimal, contact with Jews. For very many, therefore, the Jewish Question could be of no more than abstract significance." Kershaw, Popular Opinion Popular Opinion, 22627.

20 some ten thousand emigres: Dippel, 114. some ten thousand emigres: Dippel, 114.

21 "Hardly anyone thought": Zuckmayer, 320. "Hardly anyone thought": Zuckmayer, 320.

22 "It was easy to be rea.s.sured": Dippel, 153. "It was easy to be rea.s.sured": Dippel, 153.

23 The salute, he wrote: Messersmith to Hull, Aug. 8, 1933, Messersmith Papers. The salute, he wrote: Messersmith to Hull, Aug. 8, 1933, Messersmith Papers.

24 "I felt really quite fortunate": Ibid., 4. "I felt really quite fortunate": Ibid., 4.

25 Dodd threw him a mock salute: Martha to Thornton Wilder, Sept. 25, 1933, Wilder Papers. Dodd threw him a mock salute: Martha to Thornton Wilder, Sept. 25, 1933, Wilder Papers.

26 "You remember our bicycle ride": George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, Oct. 22, 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers. "You remember our bicycle ride": George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, Oct. 22, 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers.

27 "You had had it": Ibid. "You had had it": Ibid.

28 "To my charming and lovely ex-wife": George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, n.d., Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers. "To my charming and lovely ex-wife": George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, n.d., Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers.

29 "I'm not at all sure": George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, Oct. 22, 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers. "I'm not at all sure": George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, Oct. 22, 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers.

30 A Harvard graduate: Conradi, 22. A Harvard graduate: Conradi, 22.

Chapter 7: Hidden Conflict.

1 "the most beautiful park": Dodd to R. Walton Moore, March 22, 1936, 124.621/338, State/Decimal. "the most beautiful park": Dodd to R. Walton Moore, March 22, 1936, 124.621/338, State/Decimal.

2 "A photograph of you": Phillips to Dodd, July 31, 1933, Box 42, W. E. Dodd Papers. "A photograph of you": Phillips to Dodd, July 31, 1933, Box 42, W. E. Dodd Papers.

3 "rolled in the gutter": Martha to Thornton Wilder, Sept. 25, 1933, Wilder Papers. "rolled in the gutter": Martha to Thornton Wilder, Sept. 25, 1933, Wilder Papers.

4 "Gordon is an industrious career man": Dodd, "Gordon is an industrious career man": Dodd, Diary Diary, 16.

5 "come to Germany to rectify the wrongs": Ibid., 13. "come to Germany to rectify the wrongs": Ibid., 13.

6 On his first full day in Berlin: Friedlander, 496. On his first full day in Berlin: Friedlander, 496.

7 He also learned that staff: Dodd to Hull, July 17, 1933, 124.626/95, State/Decimal. He also learned that staff: Dodd to Hull, July 17, 1933, 124.626/95, State/Decimal.

8 The consul general now dispatched: For example, Messersmith to Hull, July 15, 1933, 125.1956/221, State/Decimal. The consul general now dispatched: For example, Messersmith to Hull, July 15, 1933, 125.1956/221, State/Decimal.

9 In notes for a personnel report: Dodd, Memorandum, 1933, Box 40 (1933-C), W. E. Dodd Papers. In notes for a personnel report: Dodd, Memorandum, 1933, Box 40 (1933-C), W. E. Dodd Papers.

10 "Evangelical Christian": "Evangelical Christian": New York Times New York Times, July 1, 1933.

11 He also recognized: For a summary of the conflict between Hitler and Rohm, see Evans, He also recognized: For a summary of the conflict between Hitler and Rohm, see Evans, Power Power, 2026; Kershaw, Hubris Hubris, 5057; and Wheeler-Bennett, Nemesis Nemesis, 30711.

12 admittedly h.o.m.os.e.xual: Rohm was outed when his letters to a medical researcher were made public. In one letter he wrote, "I make no secret of my inclinations," and acknowledged that the n.a.z.i Party had needed "to get used to this criminal peculiarity of mine." He also wrote, "Today all women are an abomination to me, particularly those who pursue me with their love." admittedly h.o.m.os.e.xual: Rohm was outed when his letters to a medical researcher were made public. In one letter he wrote, "I make no secret of my inclinations," and acknowledged that the n.a.z.i Party had needed "to get used to this criminal peculiarity of mine." He also wrote, "Today all women are an abomination to me, particularly those who pursue me with their love."

Hanc.o.c.k, 62529.

13 "adolescents in the great game": Dodd to Newton Baker, Aug. 12, 1933, Box 40, W. E. Dodd Papers. "adolescents in the great game": Dodd to Newton Baker, Aug. 12, 1933, Box 40, W. E. Dodd Papers.

14 "These men wish to stop all Jewish persecution": Ibid. "These men wish to stop all Jewish persecution": Ibid.

15 "his face," she wrote: Dodd, "his face," she wrote: Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 247.

16 "he was trying to train the n.a.z.is": Heineman, 66. "he was trying to train the n.a.z.is": Heineman, 66.

17 "He always believed": Ibid., 82. "He always believed": Ibid., 82.

18 "most agreeable": Dodd, "most agreeable": Dodd, Diary Diary, 13.

19 "Hitler will fall into line": Dodd to Newton Baker, Aug. 12, 1933, Box 40, W. E. Dodd Papers. "Hitler will fall into line": Dodd to Newton Baker, Aug. 12, 1933, Box 40, W. E. Dodd Papers.

20 "It is not unlikely that [Zuckerman]": Messersmith to Hull, Aug. 9, 1933, Messersmith Papers. "It is not unlikely that [Zuckerman]": Messersmith to Hull, Aug. 9, 1933, Messersmith Papers.

21 Messersmith added, "It is interesting to note": Ibid., 4. Messersmith added, "It is interesting to note": Ibid., 4.

22 "It has been a favorite pastime of the SA men": Messersmith to Hull, July 26, 1933, Messersmith Papers. "It has been a favorite pastime of the SA men": Messersmith to Hull, July 26, 1933, Messersmith Papers.

23 "inaccurate and overdrawn": Messersmith, "Attack on Kaltenborn," unpublished memoir, 2, Messersmith Papers. "inaccurate and overdrawn": Messersmith, "Attack on Kaltenborn," unpublished memoir, 2, Messersmith Papers.

24 "was a German by origin": Ibid. "was a German by origin": Ibid.

25 "to influence Americans coming to Germany": Messersmith to Hull, Sept. 26, 1933, p. 1, Messersmith Papers. "to influence Americans coming to Germany": Messersmith to Hull, Sept. 26, 1933, p. 1, Messersmith Papers.

26 He saw evidence of this: Ibid., 3. He saw evidence of this: Ibid., 3.

27 "that if Americans in Germany": Ibid., 3. "that if Americans in Germany": Ibid., 3.

28 "The fact that Jews are permitted": Ibid., 78. "The fact that Jews are permitted": Ibid., 78.

29 "The Americans coming to Germany": Ibid., 15. "The Americans coming to Germany": Ibid., 15.

Chapter 8: Meeting Putzi.

1 She also became a regular: Dodd, She also became a regular: Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 100.

2 "Everybody else in the restaurant": Isherwood, "Everybody else in the restaurant": Isherwood, Berlin Stories Berlin Stories, 204.

3 "pretty, vivacious": Shirer, "pretty, vivacious": Shirer, Berlin Diary Berlin Diary, 34.

4 In this new world: I was struck during my research by the extent to which my key protagonists saved the calling cards they received during their days in Berlin. Martha's cards-scores of them-can be found in Box 1, file 2, of her papers at the Library of Congress. Armand Berard, her much-abused future lover, jotted on one of his cards, "Rang you up in vain / and came in vain." A good friend of Martha's, Elmina Rangabe, wrote, cryptically, "'Be still, my soul, be still; the arms you bear are brittle,'" from A. E. Housman's In this new world: I was struck during my research by the extent to which my key protagonists saved the calling cards they received during their days in Berlin. Martha's cards-scores of them-can be found in Box 1, file 2, of her papers at the Library of Congress. Armand Berard, her much-abused future lover, jotted on one of his cards, "Rang you up in vain / and came in vain." A good friend of Martha's, Elmina Rangabe, wrote, cryptically, "'Be still, my soul, be still; the arms you bear are brittle,'" from A. E. Housman's A Shropshire Lad A Shropshire Lad. She crossed out Rangabe to indicate intimacy.

5 "If you have nothing more important to do": Ibid. "If you have nothing more important to do": Ibid.

6 "a lavish and fairly drunken affair": Dodd, "a lavish and fairly drunken affair": Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 25.

7 "in a sensational manner": Ibid., 25. "in a sensational manner": Ibid., 25.

8 "supremely awkward-looking": Dalley, 156. "supremely awkward-looking": Dalley, 156.

9 "an instinctive dislike": Messersmith, "Dr. Hanfstaengl," unpublished memoir, 1, Messersmith Papers. "an instinctive dislike": Messersmith, "Dr. Hanfstaengl," unpublished memoir, 1, Messersmith Papers.

10 "He is totally insincere": Messersmith to Jay Pierrepont Moffat, June 13, 1934, Messersmith Papers. "He is totally insincere": Messersmith to Jay Pierrepont Moffat, June 13, 1934, Messersmith Papers.

11 "went out of his way to be cordial": Reynolds, 107. "went out of his way to be cordial": Reynolds, 107.

12 "You had to know Putzi": Ibid., 207. "You had to know Putzi": Ibid., 207.

13 At Harvard: Hanfstaengl, 27, 32; Conradi, 20. At Harvard: Hanfstaengl, 27, 32; Conradi, 20.

14 One story held that Hanfstaengl: Conradi, 21. One story held that Hanfstaengl: Conradi, 21.

15 "Uncle Dolf": Ibid., 46. "Uncle Dolf": Ibid., 46.

Egon Hanfstaengl told the Sunday Telegraph Sunday Telegraph of London (Feb. 27, 2005) that Hitler made an excellent playmate. "I loved him. He was the most imaginative playmate a child could wish for. My favourite game with him was trains. He would go on his hands and knees, and pretend to be a tunnel or a viaduct. I was the steam engine going on the track underneath him. He would then do all the noises of the steam train." of London (Feb. 27, 2005) that Hitler made an excellent playmate. "I loved him. He was the most imaginative playmate a child could wish for. My favourite game with him was trains. He would go on his hands and knees, and pretend to be a tunnel or a viaduct. I was the steam engine going on the track underneath him. He would then do all the noises of the steam train."

16 "so blatantly proclaiming his charm": Dodd, "so blatantly proclaiming his charm": Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 26.

17 "of almost frightening dimensions": Fromm, 90. "of almost frightening dimensions": Fromm, 90.

18 "He had a soft, ingratiating manner": Dodd, "He had a soft, ingratiating manner": Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 2526.

19 "He could exhaust anyone": Ibid., 26 "He could exhaust anyone": Ibid., 26 20 "He was a modest little southern history professor": Hanfstaengl, 214. "He was a modest little southern history professor": Hanfstaengl, 214.

21 "Papa" Dodd: Conradi, 121. "Papa" Dodd: Conradi, 121.

22 "The best thing about Dodd": Hanfstaengl, 214. "The best thing about Dodd": Hanfstaengl, 214.

Chapter 9: Death Is Death.

1 One of his foremost sources: Mowrer, One of his foremost sources: Mowrer, Triumph Triumph, 218.

2 Putzi Hanfstaengl tried to undermine: Ibid., 219. Putzi Hanfstaengl tried to undermine: Ibid., 219.

3 "I was inclined to think him Jewish": Dodd, "I was inclined to think him Jewish": Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 39.

4 "To no purpose": Mowrer, "To no purpose": Mowrer, Triumph Triumph, 224.

5 "almost as vehement": Dodd, "almost as vehement": Dodd, Diary Diary, 24.