Higher Lessons in English Part 67

3. The farmer exchanged five barrel of potatoes for fifty pound of sugar.

4. These sort of expressions should be avoided.

5. We were traveling at the rate of forty mile an hour.

6. Remove this ashes and put away that tongs.

Miscellaneous.

1. He was more active than any other of his companions.

+Correction+.--As he is not one of his companions, _other_ is unnecessary.

2. He did more to accomplish this result than any other man that preceded or followed him.

3. The younger of the three sisters is the prettier.

(This is the construction which requires the superlative. See the second Remark in this Lesson.)

4. This result, of all others, is most to be dreaded.

5. She was willing to take a more humbler part.

6. Solomon was wiser than any of the ancient kings.

7. I don't like those sort of people.

8. I have the most entire confidence in him.

9. This is the more preferable form.

10. Which are the two more important ranges of mountains in North America?

11. He writes better than any boy in his cla.s.s.

GENERAL REVIEW.

TO THE TEACHER.--See suggestions to the teacher, page 255.

Scheme for the Adjective.

(_The numbers refer to Lessons_.)

ADJECTIVE.

Uses.

Modifier (12).

Attribute Complement (29, 30).

Objective Complement (31).

Cla.s.ses.

Descriptive (89-91).

Definitive (89-91).

Modification.--Comparison.

Pos. Deg. | Comp. " + 127, 128.

Sup. " |

Questions on the Adjective.

1. Define the adjective and its cla.s.ses.--Lesson 89.

2. Define comparison and the degrees of comparison.--Lesson 127.

3. Give and ill.u.s.trate the regular method and the irregular methods of comparison.--Lesson 127.

4. Give and ill.u.s.trate the principles which guide in the use of adjectives.--Lessons 90, 91.

5. Give and ill.u.s.trate the principles which guide in the use of comparative and superlative forms.--Lesson 128.

Scheme for the Adverb.

ADVERB.

Cla.s.ses.

Time. | Place. | Degree. + 92-94.

Manner. | Cause. | Modification.--Comparison.

Pos. Deg. | Comp. " + 127, 128.

Sup. " |

Questions on the Adverb.

1. Define the adverb and its cla.s.ses.--Lesson 92.

2. Ill.u.s.trate the regular method and the irregular methods of comparison.

--Lesson 127.

3. Give and ill.u.s.trate the principles which guide in the use of adverbs.

--Lesson 93.

LESSON 129.

MODIFICATIONS OF THE VERB.

VOICE.

+Introductory Hints+.--_He picked a rose. A rose was picked by him._ The same thing is here told in two ways. The first verb, _picked_, shows that the subject names the actor; the second verb, _was picked_, shows that the subject names the thing acted upon. These different forms and uses of the verb const.i.tute the modification called +Voice+. The first form is in the +Active Voice+; the second is in the +Pa.s.sive Voice+.

The active voice is used when the agent, or actor, is to be made prominent; the pa.s.sive, when the thing acted upon is to be made prominent. The pa.s.sive voice may be used when the agent is unknown, or when, for any reason, we do not care to name the agent; as, The _ship was wrecked; Money is coined_.

DEFINITIONS.

+_Voice_ is that modification of the transitive verb which shows whether the subject names the _actor_ or the thing _acted upon_+.

+The _Active Voice_ shows that the subject names the actor+.

+The _Pa.s.sive Voice_ shows that the subject names the thing acted upon.+

The pa.s.sive form is compound, and may be resolved into an a.s.serting word (some form of the verb _be_) and an attribute complement (a past participle of a transitive verb). An expression consisting of an a.s.serting word followed by an adjective complement or by a participle used adjectively may be mistaken for a verb in the pa.s.sive voice.

+Examples.+--The coat _was_ sometimes _worn_ by Joseph (_was worn_-- pa.s.sive voice). The coat _was_ badly _worn_ (_was_--incomplete predicate, _worn_--adjective complement).