English-Bisaya Grammar Part 16

Rem. The other tenses are formed by means of conjunctions and adverbs of the active conjugation. To speak well the Bisaya dialect, it is absolutely necessary to understand when and how every one of the pa.s.sives must be used, and also the mechanism of their sentences, which is the more difficult part, since are so many the moods and so diverse their syntax, In order to make easy to the learners the use of the pa.s.sive tenses, we shall explain them as clearly as possible by Examples.

Sell the plantation of Ibaligya mo ang calubihan.

cocoa-trees.

We have sold it now. Guibaligya na namo.

Count the cows. Isipon mo ang mga vaca.

We have counted them, and four are Gui-isip na namo ug culang pa ug out of sight yet. upat ca bo-oc.

Order to have them searched at Papangitaa lamang sa madali.

one.

Water the plants, because it is Boboan mo ang mga tanom, cay very warm. mainit ca-ayo.

Cover the child, because it very Taboni ang bata, cay matugnao cold. ca-ayo.

Did you go very far? Halayo ba ang imong guilactan?

I am gone as far as my brother's. Guilactan co cutub sa balay sa acong igso-on.

Exercise XI.

Are you pleased with your servant?--I am much pleased with him, for he is lit for any thing--Has your brother returned at last from Spain?--He has returned thence, and has brought you a fine horse--Has he told his groom to bring it to me?--He has told him to bring it to you--What do you think of that horse?--I think that it is a fine and good one, and beg you to lead it to my brother's that he may see it--In what did you spend your time yesterday?-I went to my father's in law, and afterwards to the ball--When did that man go down in to the well?--He went down into it this morning--Has he come up again yet?--He came up an hour ago--Where is your brother?--He is in his room--Will you tell him to come down (nga manaug sia)?--I will tell him so, but he is not dressed.

TWELFTH LESSON

SOME RULES UPON THE Pa.s.sIVES AND THEIR SENTENCES.

Pa.s.sive of I. (ee)

This pa.s.sive is made use of when the agent person exercises its action removing from itself the patient person.

The sentences of this pa.s.sive are formed by putting Gui before the root for the present and past tenses, and I (ee) for the future and imperative. This pa.s.sive points out the harm, detriment, obsequiousness or favour made to another, placing the receiver person in nominative case, the donor in genitive, and in accusative with ug or sa the favour or harm.

Pa.s.sive of ON.

It is employed when the agent person attracts towards itself to the patient person. When it is spoken by means of this pa.s.sive, the present and past tenses are formed by placing Gui before the root; the future doubling the first syllable of the root and putting On after, and the imperative mood by placing On after the root.

Pa.s.sive of AN.

It is employed when the agent person exercises its action upon a place or quasi-place, putting the said place or quasi-place in nominative case. The present and past tenses are formed with gui, before the root and An after it; the future, by duplicating the first syllable of the root and by adding An to it, and the imperative mood by putting An after the root. Examples:

Pull off that herb. Ibton mo canang balili.

Wherever they may place me I will Bisan asa aco ibutang nila, follow my own mind. macatuman aco sa acong pagbu-ut.

I imitate him. Guipanig-ingnan co sia.

Speak to him. Pamolongan mo sia.

I gave him the book. Guihatag co na cania ang libro.

Please accept that. Daoato cana.

Please to explain it to me. Sagdi aco.

Exercise XII.

On what lived our ancestors?--They lived on fish and game, for they went a hunting and a fishing every day--You have learned your lesson: why has not your sister learned hers?--She has taken a walk with my mother, so that she could not learn it, but she will learn it to-morrow--When will you correct my exercises?--I will correct them when you bring me those of your sister--Do you think you have made faults in them?--I do not know--If you have made faults, you have not studied your lessons well; for the lessons must be learned well to make no faults in the exercises--It is all the same; if you do not correct them to day--I shall not learn them before to-morrow--You must not make any faults in your exercises, for you have all you want in order to make none--Who is there?--It is I--Who are those men?--I do not know--Of what country are they?--They are Americans--Why do you sit near the fire?--My hands and feet are cold; that is the reason why I sit near the fire--Are your sister's hands cold?--No; but her feet are cold--What is the matter with your cousin?--fem.--Her leg hurts her--What is the matter with this woman?--Her tongue hurts her.

THIRTEENTH LESSON

OF THE PARTICLES

NAGA.

l.a The particle Naga, the most usual in the Bisaya dialect has the same signification as the root to which is joined. Its tenses are formed with naga for the present time, nag for past; maga for the future; and mag for the imperative mood. they all before the root. As:

To write. Pagsulat.

I write. Aco nagasulat.

You wrote. Icao nagsulat.

They will, or shall write. Sila magasulat.

Write. (pl.) Magsulat camo.

2.a This particle admits the three above mentioned pa.s.sives, and its tenses are formed by placing some times before, and some times after, the particles at 12th. Lesson mentioned. They may be also formed by putting Paga before the root for future tense, and Pag for the imperative. Examples:

PRESENT AND PAST.

I write or wrote. Guisulat co.