Cooley's Cyclopaedia of Practical Receipts Volume Ii Part 230

2. COMPOUND SPIRIT OF ETHER, HOFFMANN'S ANODYNE LIQUOR; SPIRITUS aeTHERIS COMPOSITUS (Ph. L.), S. aeTHERIS OLEOSUS (Ph. D.), L.--_a._ (Ph. L.) Ether, 8 fl. oz.; rectified spirit, 16 fl. oz.; ethereal oil, 3 fl. dr.; mix.

_b._ (Ph. D.) Mix in a gla.s.s matra.s.s, oil of vitriol, 1-1/2 pint, with rectified spirit, 1 pint; connect this with a Liebig's condenser, apply heat, and distil until a black froth begins to rise; then separate the upper stratum of the distilled liquid, and, having exposed it to the air for 24 hours, let the oil be transferred to a moist paper filter, and washed with a little cold water; lastly, dissolve it in a mixture of rectified spirit, 1/2 pint; sulphuric ether, 5 fl. oz.

_Obs._ This compound is anodyne and antispasmodic, and was once held in very great repute.--_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr.

3. AROMATIC SPIRIT OF ETHER, A. S. OF SULPHURIC E., SWEET ELIXIR OF VITRIOL; SPIRITUS aeTHERIS AROMATICUS, L. _Prep._ (Ph. L. 1824.) Bruised cinnamon, 3 dr.; cardamoms, 1-1/2 dr.; long pepper and ginger, of each 1 dr.; rectified spirit, 10 fl. oz.; sulphuric ether, 5 fl. oz.; mix, and digest 14 days. The last two preparations are also frequently called 'sweet elixir of vitriol.'

=Spirit of Harts'horn.= _Syn._ LIQUOR OF SPIRITUS VOLATILIS CORNU CERVI, L. Originally distilled from hartshorn. Dilute liquor ammonia is now generally sold for spirit of hartshorn.

=Spirit of Horserad'ish (Compound).= _Syn._ SPIRITUS ARMORACIae COMPOSITUS (B. P., Ph. L.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Sliced horseradish and dried orange peel, of each 20 oz.; bruised nutmegs, 5 dr.; proof spirit, 1 gall.; water, 1 quart, or q. s.; distil 1 gall. Stimulant and diuretic.--_Dose_, 1 to 4 fl. dr.; in dropsies, when there is much debility. It is usually combined with infusion of juniper berries or foxglove.

2. (B. P.) Fresh root, sliced, 20; dried orange peel, 20; nutmeg, bruised, 1/2; proof spirit, 160; water, 40; mix, and distil over 160.--_Dose_, 1 to 3 dr.

=Spirit of Hydrochlo"ric Ether.= _Syn._ SPIRIT OF MURIATIC ETHER, CLUTTON'S FEBRIFUGE SPIRIT; aeTHER HYDROCHLORICUS ALCOHOLICUS, SPIRITUS aeTHERIS MURIATICI, L. _Prep._ 1. From hydrochloric ether and rectified spirit, equal parts, mixed together.

2. (Ph. E. 1744.) Hydrochloric acid, 1 part; rectified spirit, 3 parts; digest some days, and distil in a sand bath.--_Dose_, 1/2 to 3 fl. dr.; in dyspepsia, liver complaints, hectic fever, &c.

=Spirit of Juni"per.= _Syn._ SPIRITUS JUNIPERI (B. P.). _Prep._ English oil of juniper, 1; rectified spirit, 49; dissolve.--_Dose_, 30 to 60 minims.

=Spirit of Juniper (Compound).= _Syn._ SPIRITUS JUNIPERI COMPOSITUS (Ph.

L., E., & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Oil of juniper, 1-1/2 fl. dr.; oils of caraway and fennel, of each 12 drops; proof spirit, 1 gall.; dissolve.

2. (Ph. L. 1836.) Juniper berries, bruised, 15 oz.; caraway and fennel seed, of each, bruised, 2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 gall.; water, 1 quart, or q. s.; distil 1 gallon.

_Obs._ This spirit is stimulant and diuretic.--_Dose_, 2 to 4 fl. dr.

Mixed with twice or thrice its w eight of proof spirit, and sweetened with a little sugar, it makes no bad subst.i.tute for Hollands gin.

=Spirit of Lav'ender.= _Syn._ SPIRITUS LAVANDULae (B. P., Ph. E.), L.

_Prep._ 1. From fresh lavender, 2-1/2 lbs.; rectified spirit, 1 gall.; water, 1 quart, or q. s.; distil 1 gallon (7 pints--Ph. E.).

2. (Wholesale.) From Mitcham oil of lavender, 3 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 gall.; dissolve. Cordial and fragrant.

3. (B. P.) English oil of lavender, 1; rectified spirit, 49; dissolve.--_Dose_, 30 to 60 minims. See SPIRITS (Perfumed), TINCTURE, &c.

=Spirit of Ni'tric Ether.= _Syn._ SPIRIT OF NITROUS ETHER, SWEET SPIRIT OF NITRE, NITROUS ETHEREAL SPIRIT, NITRE DROPS; SPIRITUS aeTHERIS NITRICI (B.

P., Ph. L., & E.), SPIRITUS aeTHERIS NITROSUS (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph.

L.) Take of rectified spirit, 1 quart; nitric acid, 3-1/2 fl. oz.; add the acid, by degrees, to the spirit; then mix them, and let 28 fl. oz. distil over. An earthenware still and condensing worm should be employed. Sp. gr.

834.

2. (Ph. E.) Pure hyponitrous ether (Ph. E.), 1 part; rectified spirit, 4 parts (both by volume); mix. Sp. gr. 847.

3. (Ph. D.) Nitrous or hyponitrous ether (which has been washed with half of its volume of liquor of ammonia), 4 fl. oz.; rectified spirit, "in 42 fl. oz.; mix, and preserve the compound in small, strong, and accurately-stopped bottles."

4. (B. P.) Nitric acid (sp. gr. 142), 3; sulphuric acid, 2; copper, in fine powder (No. 25), 2; rectified spirit, a sufficiency; to 20 of the spirit add gradually the sulphuric acid, stirring them together; then add to this, also gradually, 2-1/2 of the nitric acid. Put the mixture into a retort or other suitable apparatus, into which the copper has been introduced, and to which a thermometer is fitted. Attach now an efficient condenser, and, applying a gentle heat, let the spirit distil at a temperature commencing at 170 and rising to 175, but not exceeding 180, until 12 have pa.s.sed over and been collected in a bottle kept cool, if necessary, with ice-cold water; then withdraw the heat, and, having allowed the contents of the retort to cool, introduce the remaining 1/2 of nitric acid, and resume the distillation as before, until the increased product has been increased to 15. Mix this with 40 of the rectified spirit, or as much as will make the product correspond to the tests of specific gravity and per-centage of ether separated by chloride of calcium. Preserve it in well-closed vessels.

_Char. and Tests._ Transparent, and nearly colourless, with a very light tinge of yellow, mobile, inflammable, of a peculiar penetrating apple-like odour, and sweetish, cooling, sharp taste. It effervesces feebly, or not at all, when shaken with a little bicarbonate of soda. When agitated with solution of sulphate of iron and a few drops of sulphuric acid, it becomes deep olive-brown or black. If it be agitated with twice its volume of a saturated solution of chloride of calcium in a closed tube, 2% of its original volume will separate in the form of nitrous ether, and rise to the surface of the mixture. Sp. gr. 845.--_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr.

_Pur., &c._ Pure spirit of nitric ether boils at about 160 Fahr., scarcely reddens litmus paper, and "gives off no bubbles of carbonic acid gas on the addition of carbonate of soda." (Ph. L.) "When agitated with twice its volume of concentrated solution of chloride of calcium, 12% of ether slowly separates." (Ph. E.)--_Dose_, 1/2 to 3 fl. dr., as a febrifuge, a diaph.o.r.etic, diuretic, antispasmodic, &c.; in various affections.

_Obs._ The ma.s.s of the sweet spirits of nitre of the shops is of very inferior quality, and is scarcely, if ever, made directly from spirit that has paid the duty. One, and a very large portion, is obtained from Scotland; another, from the manufacturers of fulminating mercury; and a third, and, in fact, the princ.i.p.al part, from certain persons in the neighbourhood of the metropolis who employ contraband spirit for its preparation, as this article is not under the excise. Recently methylated spirit has been employed for the purpose.

Sweet spirits of nitre, sp. gr. 850, is now commonly and publicly sold, in quant.i.ty, at a price which is only about 2-3rds that of the spirit in it, if the latter had paid duty. The spirit obtained from the manufacturers of fulminating mercury frequently contains no inconsiderable quant.i.ty of hydrocyanic acid.

The mere admixture of nitric or hyponitrous ether with alcohol does not afford an officinal SPIR. aeTHER. NITR., as this always contains aldehyde, which, according to Prof. Liebig, is an essential const.i.tuent of the officinal compound.

=Spirit of Nitrous Ether.= _Syn._ SPIRITUS aeTHERIS NITROSI (B. P.). See SPIRIT OF NITRIC ETHER.

=Spirit of Nut'meg.= _Syn._ SPIRITUS MYRISTICae (B. P., Ph. L., & E.), S.

NUCIS MOSCHATae, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L. & E.) Bruised nutmegs, 2-1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 gall.; water, 1 pint, or q. s.; distil a gallon. Cordial and carminative.--_Dose_, 1 to 4 fl. dr.; chiefly used to flavour mixtures and draughts.

2. (ESSENTIA MYRISTICae MOSCHATE--Ph. D.) Oil of nutmegs, 1 fl. oz.; rectified spirit, 9 fl. oz. Used in dispensing.

3. (B. P.) Volatile oil of nutmeg, 1; rectified spirit, 49; dissolve.--_Dose_, 30 to 60 minims.

=Spirit of Pennyroy'al.= _Syn._ SPIRITUS PULEGII (Ph. L.), S. MENTHae PULEGII, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Oil of pennyroyal, 3 fl. dr.; proof spirit, 1 gall.; dissolve. Stimulant, antispasmodic, and carminative.--_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr.

2. (ESSENTIA MENTHae PULEGII--Ph. D.) Oil of pennyroyal, 1 fl. oz.; rectified spirit, 9 fl. oz. Used chiefly in dispensing.

=Spirit of Pep'permint.= _Syn._ SPIRITUS MENTHae PIPERITae (B. P., Ph. L.), S. MENTHae (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Oil of peppermint, 3 fl. dr.; proof spirit, 1 gall.; dissolve.

2. (Ph. E.) Green peppermint, 1-1/2 lb.; proof spirit, 7 pints; macerate 2 days; add of water, q. s., and distil 7 pints.--_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

3. (ESSENTIA MENTHae PIPERITae--Ph. D.) Oil of peppermint, 1 fl. oz.; rectified spirit, 9 fl. oz. See ESSENCE OF PEPPERMINT.

4. (B. P.) English oil of peppermint, 1; rectified spirit, 49; dissolve.--_Dose_, 30 to 60 minims, or, for children under five years, 1 to 3 minims.

=Spirit of Pimen'to.= _Syn._ (SPIRIT OF ALLSPICE; SPIRITUS PIMENTae--Ph. L.

& E.), L. _Prep._ 1 (Ph. L.) Oil of pimento, 2 fl. dr.; proof spirit, 1 gall.; dissolve.

2. (Ph. E.) From pimento, bruised, 1/2 lb.; and proof spirit, 7 pints; as spirit of caraway. Carminative and stomachic.--_Dose_, 1 to 4 fl. dr.; in flatulent colic, dyspepsia, &c.

3. (ESSENTIae PIMENTae--Ph. D.) Oil of pimento, 1 fl. oz.; rectified spirit, 9 fl. oz. Used to make pimento water, and in dispensing.

=Spirit of Pine-tops.= _Syn._ SPIRITUS TURIONUM PINI, L. See BALSAM, RIGA.

=Spirit of Rose'mary.= _Syn._ SPIRITUS ROSMARINI (B. P., Ph. L., & E.), L.

_Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) As SPIRIT OF PIMENTO.

2. (Ph. E.) Rosemary tops, 2-1/2 lbs.; rectified spirit, 1 gall.; as SPIRIT OF LAVENDER. Fragrant and stimulant.

3. (ESSENTIA ROSMARINI--Ph. D.) As ESSENCE OF PIMENTO.

4. (B. P.) Oil of rosemary, 1; rectified spirit, 49; dissolve.--_Dose_, 10 to 30 minims.

=Spirit of Spear'mint.= _Syn._ SPIRITUS MENTHae VIRIDIS (Ph. L.), S. MENTHae SATIVae, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) As SPIRIT OF PEPPERMINT--Ph. L.

2. (ESSENTIA MENTHae VIRIDIS--Ph. D.) As ESSENCE OF PEPPERMINT--Ph. D. The uses and doses are also the same.