Color Key to North American Birds Part 82

=622a. White-rumped Shrike= (_L. l. excubitorides_). Similar to No.

622, but paler above, rump and upper tail-coverts whiter; bill less deep.

Range.--"Western North America, from eastern border of the Plains to the Pacific, except coast of California, and from Manitoba and the Plains of the Saskatchewan south over tablelands of Mexico."

=622b. California Shrike= (_L. l. gambeli_). Similar to No. 622, but rump paler, breast usually with indistinct wavy bars and tinged with brownish.

Range.--Pacific coast, from Lower California to British Columbia.

=622c. Island Shrike= (_L. l. anthonyi_). Similar to No. 622b, but darker and smaller, W. 3.7.

Range.--Santa Barbara Islands, California.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 703.]

=703. Mockingbird= (_Mimus polyglottos_). L. 10.5. _Ads._ Above ashy gray; below soiled whitish; outer tail-feathers with white; wing-coverts narrowly tipped with white; primaries white basally.

_Notes._ Call, a harsh, kissing note; song indescribable.

Range.--Southeastern United States and Bahamas, west to northeastern Texas; breeds north to southern New Jersey (rarely Ma.s.sachusetts), and southern Illinois; winters from Virginia and lower Mississippi Valley southward.

=703a. Western Mockingbird= (_M. p. leucopterus_). Similar to No. 703, but with a very slight brownish tinge below and white areas in wing averaging larger.

Range.--Southwestern United States and northern Mexico from Indian Territory and eastern Texas west to California.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 765.]

=765. Wheatear= (_Saxicola ?nanthe_). L. 6; W. 3.7. _Ad._ [Male].

Back gray, upper tail-coverts and base of tail white; below white more or less washed with buff. _Ad._ [Female]. Browner above and below, no black through eye. _Ads. in winter and Yng._ Similar to [Female], but cinnamon brown above, cinnamon below.

Range.--Asia; migrating in summer to Alaska.

=765a. Greenland Wheatear= (_S. ?. leucorhoa_). Similar to No. 765, but larger, W. 4.

Range.--Western Europe; breeds in Greenland and on adjoining mainland; rarely south to St. Lawrence; casually to Louisiana.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 573.]

=573. Black-throated Sparrow= (_Amphispiza bilineata_). L. 5.3._ Ads._ Throat, upper breast, and front of face black; a white stripe over eye and another at the side of the throat; above grayish brown unstreaked; outer web of outer tail-feather white, except at tip; at least half an inch of tip of inner web white. _Notes._ Song, simple but sweet, three ascending and three descending notes.

Range.--Middle and eastern Texas (except along coast?), north to Oklahoma and western Kansas; winters from central Texas south into northeastern Mexico.

=573a. Desert Sparrow= (_A. b. deserticola_). Similar to No. 573, but above grayer, the white tip to outer tail-feather _less_ than half an inch long.

Range.--Western United States and northern Mexico, from western Texas to southeastern California; breeds north to southern Colorado, and western Nevada; winters south into Mexico.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 602.]

=602. Morellet Seed-eater= (_Sporophila morelleti_). L. 4.6. _Ad._ [Male]. Entire upperparts, cheeks, tail, wings and breast-band black; bases of wing-feathers, tips to coverts and underparts, except breast-band, whitish. _Ad._ [Female]. Above grayish brown, below uniform buffy. _Yng._ [Male]. Variously intermediate between Ad.

[Male] and Ad. [Female]. At least two years evidently required to reach mature plumage.

Range.--Eastern Mexico, north to southeastern Texas.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 636.]

=636. Black and White Warbler= (_Mniotilta varia_). L. 5.3. _Ad._ [Male]. Above streaked black and white; throat black or white; belly white; sides streaked black and white. _Ad._ [Female]. Less black; whiter below; throat always white. _Notes._ Song, a thin, wiry, _see-see-see-see_.

Range.--Eastern North America; breeds from Virginia, Louisiana, and northern Texas, north to Hudson Bay region; winters from Gulf States south to northern South America; accidental in California.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 661.]

=661. Black-poll Warbler= (_Dendroica striata_). L. 5.6. _Ad._ [Male].

Crown black, cheeks white; back streaked, gray and black; below white streaked with black; wing-bars and tail-spots white. _Ad._ [Female].

No black cap; above olive-green streaked with black. _Yng. and Ad. in winter._ Above olive-green lightly streaked with black; below _yellowish_ white; breast obscurely streaked. _Notes._ Song, a slender, wiry _tree-tree-tree-tree-tree-tree-tree-tree_, rapidly uttered. (Langille.)

Range.--Eastern North America, west to the Rockies; breeds from northern New England, northern New York, northern Michigan, and Colorado, north to Labrador and Alaska; winters in West Indies and northern South America.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 665.]

=665. Black-throated Gray Warbler= (_Dendroica nigrescens_). L. 5.

_Ad._ [Male]. Crown, cheeks and throat black, a white stripe at sides of throat, a yellow line before eye; back gray streaked with black; wing-bars and tail-patches white. _Ad._ [Female]. Similar, but crown not always wholly black. _Yng._ Above washed with brownish, black areas tipped with white. _Notes._ Song, _zee-ee-zee-ee_, _ze_, _ze_, _ze_, with the quality of the song of _Dendroica virens_ or _D. caerulescens_.

Range.--Western United States; breeds in mountains from Arizona and northern Lower California, north to Colorado and Vancouver Island; winters in Mexico.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 611.]

=611. Purple Martin= (_Progne subis_). L. 7.8. _Ad._ [Male]. Shining blue-black, all feathers with dusky bases. _Ad._ [Female]. Above dull blue-black; breast grayish edged with white; belly whitish. _Yng._ [Male]. Variously intermediate between [Female] and Ad. [Male].

Range.--North America, except Pacific coast; breeds north to Newfoundland and the Saskatchewan; winters in tropics.

=611a. Western Martin= (_P. s. hesperia_). [Male] similar to [Male]

of No. 611; [Female] belly whiter; forehead grayish.

Range.--Pacific coast from northern Lower California to Washington (and British Columbia?); winters in tropics.

=611.1. Cuban Martin= (_Progne cryptoleuca_). W. 5.50. _Ad._ [Male].

With feathers of ventral region basally marked with white. _Ad._ [Female] _and Yng_. [Male]. With breast and flanks sooty grayish brown, belly _pure white_.

Range.--Cuba, north in spring to southern Florida.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 612.]

=612. Cliff Swallow= (_Petrochelidon lunifrons_). L. 5.5. _Ads._ Throat chestnut, forehead and rump cinnamon-buff; nape gray; crown and back glossy blue-black, the back streaked with white. _Yng._ Throat dusky, often mixed with chestnut; back blackish brown; rump cinnamon-buff, forehead usually with same.