Color Key to North American Birds Part 17

[Ill.u.s.tration: 117.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 117. Immature.]

=117. Gannet= (_Sula ba.s.sana_). L. 35. _Ads._ White; head and neck tinged with straw; primaries blackish. _Yng._ Grayish brown with white spots. _Notes._ A harsh _gor-r-r-rok_.

Range.--North Atlantic; breeds, in America, only on Bird Rock and Bonaventure Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence; winters off the coast, south to Florida.

b.o.o.bies

[Ill.u.s.tration: 114.]

=114. Blue-faced b.o.o.by= (_Sula cyanops_). L. 28. _Ads._ Body and lesser wing coverts white; central tail feathers whitish, others dark brown. _Yng._ Above plain dark grayish brown with some grayish streaks; below white; flanks streaked with grayish.

Range.--Tropical seas; north in America to Lower California and Bahamas; casual in southern Florida.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 114.1.]

=114.1. Blue-footed b.o.o.by= (_Sula nebouxii_). L. 33. _Ads._ Head, neck, and underparts white, the first two streaked with grayish; back dusky brownish, tipped with whitish; legs and feet bright blue.

(Goss.)

Range:--Pacific coast of America, from Gulf of California to Galapagos and Chili. (Cat. B. M.)

[Ill.u.s.tration: 115.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 115. Immature.]

=115. b.o.o.by= (_Sula sula_). L. 30. _Ads._ Breast and belly white; bill and feet yellow. _Yng._ Entirely brownish, lighter below; bill blackish; feet yellow. _Notes._ A harsh, guttural _bork_, _hork_.

(Audubon).

Range.--"Atlantic coasts of tropical and subtropical America, north to Georgia. Also, West Pacific and Indian Oceans." (A.O.U.) Accidental on Long Island. No United States breeding record.

=115.1. Brewster b.o.o.by= (_Sula brewsteri_). L. 30. _Ads._ Similar to No. 115, but head and neck paler, bill blue, feet greenish.

Range,--"Coasts and Islands of the eastern south Pacific Ocean, north to Lower California; breeding as far north as Georges Island at the head of the Gulf of California." (A.O.U.)

=116. Red-footed b.o.o.by= (_Sula piscator_). L. 28. Feet _reddish_.

_Ads._ White; head and nape straw color; primaries _h.o.a.ry grayish brown_; tail _white_. _Yng._ Above sooty brown; head, neck, and lower parts light smoky gray. (Ridgw.)

Range.--Tropical seas, except Pacific coast of America (Cat. B. M.); north in Atlantic to Bahamas and, rarely, southern Florida.

Cormorants

[Ill.u.s.tration: 119. Breeding Plumage]

=119. Cormorant= (_Phalacrocorax carbo_). L. 36; T. 7.5, of 14 feathers. _Ads._ Chin and sides of throat whitish; back glossy brownish, _distinctly_ margined with black; below uniform shining black. _Breeding plumage._ Head and throat with white plumes; a white patch on flanks. _Yng._ _Belly white_; above olive grayish brown, margined with black; throat _whitish_; neck brownish.

Range.--North Atlantic; breeds from Nova Scotia to Greenland; winters south to Carolinas.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 120. Breeding Plumage]

=120. Double-crested Cormorant= (_Phalacrocorax dilophus_). L. 30; W.

12.5; T. 6.2, of 12 feathers. _Ads._ Back brownish with distinct black margins; below shining black. _Breeding plumage._ With tufts on either side of head black, sometimes mixed with white; throat pouch orange.

_Yng._ Back browner; head, neck, and lower belly brown; breast whitish.

Range.--Eastern North America; breeds locally from Bay of Fundy, Minnesota, North Dakota, northward; west to a.s.siniboia; winters from southern Illinois and Virginia southward.

[Ill.u.s.tration: 120a.]

=120a. Florida Cormorant= (_P. d. florida.n.u.s_). Similar to No. 120, but blacker and smaller. L. 25.

Range.--South Atlantic and Gulf States; breeds north to North Carolina and southern Illinois.

=120b. White-crested Cormorant= (_P. d. cincinatus_). Similar to No.

120, but larger, L. 36; nuptial crests _white_.

Range.--Pacific coasts; breeds in Alaska; winters south to California.

=120c. Farallone Cormorant= (_P. d. albociliatus_). Similar to 120b., but smaller, L. 28.

Range.--Breeds on California coast and in interior, south to Socorro Island. (Ridgw.)

[Ill.u.s.tration: 121 Breeding Plumage]

=121. Mexican Cormorant= (_Phalacrocorax mexica.n.u.s_). L. 25. W. 10.

_Ads._ Narrow border at base of pouch white. _Breeding plumage._ Neck with white plumes. _Yng._ Head and hindneck brownish; back grayish, margined with black; throat, foreneck and breast brownish white; belly black.

Range.--Breeds In West Indies and Central America to west Gulf States; north in summer rarely to Kansas and southern Illinois.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Hind Toe. Outer Toe. Foot of Cormorant.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: 122. Breeding Plumage.]

=122. Brandt Cormorant= (_Phalacrocorax penicillatus_). L. 35; T. 6.

Chin and sides of throat _buffy white or brownish_. _Ads._ Above blue black, _faintly_ margined with black; below green black. _Breeding plumage._ With white, hair-like plumes from back and neck; no white on flanks; throat pouch blue. _Yng._ Above dark brown; throat and belly whitish; breast and sides brown.

Range.--Pacific coast from Cape St. Lucas to Washington; resident.

=123. Pelagic Cormorant= (_Phalacrocorax pelagicus_). L. 28; W. 10; T. 6.2. Forehead _feathered_; back feathers _not_ margined. _Ads._ Above glossy green and purplish black; below bottle green. _Breeding plumage._ With white plumes on neck and rump and white patches on flanks; nape and forehead, crested. _Yng._ Above greenish dusky brown, less green below.

Range.--"Aleutian and Kuril Islands, and Kamchatka, south to j.a.pan."

(A.O.U.)

[Ill.u.s.tration: 123a. Breeding Plumage]