A. Lincoln_ A Biography Part 35

Lincoln argued Steiner, Steiner, Honest Calling, Honest Calling, 153-54. 153-54.

Lincoln brought suit "Illinois Central Railroad v. the County of McClean," in LEGAL, 2:404-12. "Illinois Central Railroad v. the County of McClean," in LEGAL, 2:404-12.

a rising Illinois lawyer Benjamin P. Thomas and Harold M. Hyman, Benjamin P. Thomas and Harold M. Hyman, Stanton: The Life and Times of Lincoln's Secretary of War Stanton: The Life and Times of Lincoln's Secretary of War (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1962), 63-64. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1962), 63-64.

"During August" AL to Peter H. Watson, July 23, 1855, AL to Peter H. Watson, July 23, 1855, CW, CW, 2:314-15. 2:314-15.

Lincoln finally wrote AL to John H. Manny and Company, September 1, 1855, AL to John H. Manny and Company, September 1, 1855, CW, CW, 2:325. 2:325.

"a tall rawly boned" Robert Henry Parkinson, "The Patent Case That Lifted Lincoln into a Presidential Candidate," Robert Henry Parkinson, "The Patent Case That Lifted Lincoln into a Presidential Candidate," ALQ ALQ 4, no. 3 (September 1946): 114-15. 4, no. 3 (September 1946): 114-15.

"roughlyhandled" HL, HL, 220. 220.

"Since then we have had thirty six" AL to George Robertson, August 15, 1855, AL to George Robertson, August 15, 1855, CW, CW, 2:318. 2:318.

"You say that sooner" AL to Joshua F. Speed, August 24, 1855, AL to Joshua F. Speed, August 24, 1855, CW, CW, 2:320-23. 2:320-23.

"Revolutionize through the ballot box" Herndon and Weik, Herndon and Weik, Abraham Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln, 2:49. 2:49.

"as the warm and consistent" Mark A. Plummer, Mark A. Plummer, Lincoln's Rail-Splitter: Governor Richard J. Oglesby Lincoln's Rail-Splitter: Governor Richard J. Oglesby (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2001), 18-19. (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2001), 18-19.

"The latter part" Beveridge, Beveridge, Abraham Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln, 2:359. 2:359.

"buckle on his armor" AL, "Speech at Decatur, Illinois," February 22, 1856, AL, "Speech at Decatur, Illinois," February 22, 1856, CW, CW, 2:333. 2:333.

"Did Lincoln authorize you" Herndon and Weik, Herndon and Weik, Abraham Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln, 2:51-52. 2:51-52.

"he had got to be" Henry C. Whitney, Henry C. Whitney, Life on the Circuit with Lincoln Life on the Circuit with Lincoln (Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1892), 75. (Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1892), 75.

"A man couldn't think" AL, "Speech at Bloomington, Illinois," May 28, 1856, AL, "Speech at Bloomington, Illinois," May 28, 1856, CW, CW, 2:340-41. 2:340-41.

"proscribe no one" William E. Gienapp, William E. Gienapp, The Origins of the Republican Party, 1852-1856 The Origins of the Republican Party, 1852-1856 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987), 294-95. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987), 294-95.

"The Union must be preserved" AL, "Speech at Bloomington," May 31, 1856, AL, "Speech at Bloomington," May 31, 1856, CW, CW, 2:341. 2:341.

"I have heard or read" HL, HL, 236. 236.

CHAPTER 12. 12. A House Divided: 1856-58 A House Divided: 1856-58 "secreted" Henry C. Whitney (JWW interview), [1887-89], Hi, 733-34. Henry C. Whitney (JWW interview), [1887-89], Hi, 733-34.

"as pure a patriot" Jesse W. Weik, "Lincoln's Vote for Vice-President in the Jesse W. Weik, "Lincoln's Vote for Vice-President in the "Philadelphia Convention of 1856," Century Magazine Century Magazine 76 (June 1908): 186-89. 76 (June 1908): 186-89.

received votes from eleven states Proceedings of the First Three Republican National Conventions of1856, 1860, and 1864 Proceedings of the First Three Republican National Conventions of1856, 1860, and 1864 (Minneapolis, Minn.: Charles W. Johnson, 1893), 61-62. (Minneapolis, Minn.: Charles W. Johnson, 1893), 61-62.

"When you meet Judge Dayton" AL to John Van d.y.k.e, June 27, 1856, AL to John Van d.y.k.e, June 27, 1856, CW, CW, 2:346. 2:346.

"the gallant Fremont" Urbana Union, Urbana Union, June 26, June 26, Day by Day, Day by Day, 2:172. 2:172.

"It is constantly objected" AL, "Fragment on Sectionalism," [ca. July 23, 1856], AL, "Fragment on Sectionalism," [ca. July 23, 1856], CW, CW, 2:349-53. 2:349-53.

"showed how the South" AL, "Speech at Princeton," July 4, 1856, AL, "Speech at Princeton," July 4, 1856, CW, CW, 2:346-47. 2:346-47.

"demonstrated in the strongest manner" AL, "Speech at Chicago, Illinois," July 19, 1856, AL, "Speech at Chicago, Illinois," July 19, 1856, CW, CW, 2:348-49. 2:348-49.

"All this talk about the dissolution" AL, "Speech at Galena, Illinois," July 23, 1856, AL, "Speech at Galena, Illinois," July 23, 1856, CW, CW, 2:353-55. 2:353-55.

"to learn what people differ" AL, "Speech at Kalamazoo, Michigan," August 27, 1856, AL, "Speech at Kalamazoo, Michigan," August 27, 1856, CW, CW, 2:361-66. 2:361-66.

"His language is pure" Amboy Amboy (Illinois) (Illinois) Times, Times, July 24, 1856. July 24, 1856.

"Altho'mr L is" Mary Lincoln to Emilie Lodd Helm, November 23, 1856, Mary Lincoln to Emilie Lodd Helm, November 23, 1856, MTL, MTL, 46. 46.

"The storm of abolition" George Licknor Curtis, George Licknor Curtis, Life of James Buchanan: Fifteenth President of the United States Life of James Buchanan: Fifteenth President of the United States (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1883), 2:176. (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1883), 2:176.

"a.s.sailed as the enemies" AL, "Speech at a Republican Banquet, Chicago, Illinois," December 10, 1856, AL, "Speech at a Republican Banquet, Chicago, Illinois," December 10, 1856, CW, CW, 2:383-85. 2:383-85.

"Twenty-two years ago" AL, "Fragment on Stephen A. Douglas," [December 1856], AL, "Fragment on Stephen A. Douglas," [December 1856], CW, CW, 2:382-83. 2:382-83.

"Do you know where Lincoln lives?" Wayne C. Lemple, Wayne C. Lemple, By Square and Compa.s.ses: The Building of Lincoln's Home and Its Saga By Square and Compa.s.ses: The Building of Lincoln's Home and Its Saga (Bloomington, 111.: Ashlar Press, 1984), 41. (Bloomington, 111.: Ashlar Press, 1984), 41.

a sharp comment Baker, Baker, Mary Todd Lincoln, Mary Todd Lincoln, 116. 116.

"commenced raising" Mrs. John Lodd Stuart to Betty Stuart, April 3, 1856, John L. Stuart-Milton Hay Collection, ALPLM. Mrs. John Lodd Stuart to Betty Stuart, April 3, 1856, John L. Stuart-Milton Hay Collection, ALPLM.

The final cost Richard S. Hagen, "What a Pleasant Home Abe Lincoln Has," Richard S. Hagen, "What a Pleasant Home Abe Lincoln Has," JISHS JISHS 48, no. 1 (Spring 1955): 5-27. 48, no. 1 (Spring 1955): 5-27.

"A more immense judicial power" Alexis de Locqueville, Alexis de Locqueville, Democracy in America, Democracy in America, ed. Harvey C. Mansfield and Debra Winthrop (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 141. ed. Harvey C. Mansfield and Debra Winthrop (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 141.

he pet.i.tioned the Missouri Circuit Court See Don E. Fehrenbacher, See Don E. Fehrenbacher, The Dred Scott Case: Its Significance in American Law and Politics The Dred Scott Case: Its Significance in American Law and Politics (New York: Oxford University Press, 1978), 285-334. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1978), 285-334.

"The decision will be" Richard Malcolm Johnston and William Hand Browne, Richard Malcolm Johnston and William Hand Browne, Life of Alexander H. Stephens Life of Alexander H. Stephens (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Company, 1884), 318, 141; and (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Company, 1884), 318, 141; and New York Courier, New York Courier, December 18, 1856. December 18, 1856.

"What would be the effect" AL, "Fragment on the Dred Scott Case," [January 1857?], AL, "Fragment on the Dred Scott Case," [January 1857?], CW, CW, 2:387-88. 2:387-88.

"blacks are not citizens" James F. Simon, James F. Simon, Lincoln and Chief Justice Tanej: Slavery, Secession, and the President's War Powers Lincoln and Chief Justice Tanej: Slavery, Secession, and the President's War Powers (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006), 115-16. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006), 115-16.

"it is understood" James Buchanan, "Inaugural Address, March 4, 1857," James Buchanan, "Inaugural Address, March 4, 1857," Inaugural Addresses of the Presidents of the United States Inaugural Addresses of the Presidents of the United States (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1961), 112. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1961), 112.

"been regarded as beings" Simon, Simon, Lincoln and Chief Justice Tanej, Lincoln and Chief Justice Tanej, 122. 122.

"main proposition" Johannsen, Johannsen, Douglas, Douglas, 569-71. 569-71.

"The curtain of 1860" New York Herald, New York Herald, June 23, 24, 1857. June 23, 24, 1857.

"But we think the Dred Scott" Fehrenbacher, Fehrenbacher, Dred Scott Case, Dred Scott Case, 351. 351.

"I think the authors" AL, "Speech at Springfield, Illinois," June 26, 1857, AL, "Speech at Springfield, Illinois," June 26, 1857, CW, CW, 2:398-410. 2:398-410.

"too much on the old" Johannsen, Johannsen, Douglas, Douglas, 573. 573.

"an intolerable nuisance" St. Louis Republican, St. Louis Republican, August 24, 1856. August 24, 1856.

"do not warrant" Chicago Tribune, Chicago Tribune, September 26, 1856. September 26, 1856.

wanted the best lawyer For an excellent discussion of the case, see "Hurd Et Al. V. Rock Island Bridge Company," in LEGAL, 3:308-83. For an excellent discussion of the case, see "Hurd Et Al. V. Rock Island Bridge Company," in LEGAL, 3:308-83.

preparation for the trial Ibid., 326 326-27.

resumed his closing argument See the long excerpt of a newspaper report of Lincoln's closing argument, ibid., 359-65. See the long excerpt of a newspaper report of Lincoln's closing argument, ibid., 359-65.

a case growing out For a full description of the Duff Armstrong case, see "People V. Armstrong," in LEGAL, 4:1-45. For a full description of the Duff Armstrong case, see "People V. Armstrong," in LEGAL, 4:1-45.

Lincoln's cross-examination Hannah Armstrong (WHH interview), [1866], Hannah Armstrong (WHH interview), [1866], HI, HI, 526. 526.

"The almanac floored" Duff, Duff, A. Lincoln, A. Lincoln, 350-55. 350-55.

"of his kind feelings" William Walker to WHH, June 3, 1865, Hi, 22; "People V. Armstrong," 23-26. William Walker to WHH, June 3, 1865, Hi, 22; "People V. Armstrong," 23-26.

"It was generally admitted" J. Henry Shaw to WHH, August 22, 1866, Henry Shaw to WHH, August 22, 1866, HI, HI, 316; andj. Henry Shaw to WHH, September 5, 1866, 316; andj. Henry Shaw to WHH, September 5, 1866, HI, HI, 332-34. 332-34.

"Why-Hannah, I shant" Hannah Armstrong (WHH interview), 1866, Hannah Armstrong (WHH interview), 1866, HI, HI, 526. 526.

"altogether the most exquisite" AL, Speech at Springfield, June 26, 1857, AL, Speech at Springfield, June 26, 1857, CW, CW, 2:400. 2:400.

The meeting at Lecompton For a discussion of the controversial Lecompton Convention, see Johannsen, For a discussion of the controversial Lecompton Convention, see Johannsen, Douglas, Douglas, 576-84. 576-84.

"I have spent too much" Ibid., 590. 590.

"bring more weight" Potter, Potter, Impending Crisis, Impending Crisis, 320-21. 320-21.

"your general view" AL to Lyman Trumbull, November 30, December 18, 28, 1857, AL to Lyman Trumbull, November 30, December 18, 28, 1857, CW, CW, 2:427,428,430. 2:427,428,430.

"the unexpected course" Lyman Trumbull to AL, January 3, 1858, Lyman Trumbull Papers, Library of Congress. Lyman Trumbull to AL, January 3, 1858, Lyman Trumbull Papers, Library of Congress.

"of that Friend" that Friend" Ibid. Ibid.

"There seems to be" Chicago Press & Tribune, Chicago Press & Tribune, April 21, 1858. April 21, 1858.

"Let us have a state convention" AL to Ozias M. Hatch, March 24, 1858, AL to Ozias M. Hatch, March 24, 1858, CW, CW, First Supplement, 29-30. First Supplement, 29-30.

"is the only one who improves" improves" The The Collected Works Collected Works prints two separate lectures, but they may well have been two parts of a single lecture. AL, "First Lecture on Discoveries and Inventions," [April 6, 1858], 2:437; "Second Lecture on Discoveries and Inventions," [February 11, 1859], 3:356-62. prints two separate lectures, but they may well have been two parts of a single lecture. AL, "First Lecture on Discoveries and Inventions," [April 6, 1858], 2:437; "Second Lecture on Discoveries and Inventions," [February 11, 1859], 3:356-62.

"too far in advance" John Armstrong (WHH interview), [February 1870], John Armstrong (WHH interview), [February 1870], HI, HI, 574-75; 574-75; HL, HL, 2:68-69. 2:68-69.

"Cook County Is for" Donald, Donald, Lincoln, Lincoln, 205. 205.

If we could first know AL, "A House Divided: Speech at Springfield, Illinois," June 16, 1858, AL, "A House Divided: Speech at Springfield, Illinois," June 16, 1858, CW, CW, 2:461. 2:461.

use of a biblical metaphor The metaphor "A house divided against itself" appears in Matthew 12:25, Mark 3:25, and Luke 11:17. The metaphor "A house divided against itself" appears in Matthew 12:25, Mark 3:25, and Luke 11:17.

Whatever its past use Campaign Circular from Whig Committee, March 4, 1843, Campaign Circular from Whig Committee, March 4, 1843, CW, CW, 1:315; AL to George Robertson, August 15, 1855, 1:315; AL to George Robertson, August 15, 1855, CW, CW, 2:318; T. Lyle d.i.c.key to WHH, December 8, 1866, 2:318; T. Lyle d.i.c.key to WHH, December 8, 1866, HI, HI, 504. 504.

"angry agitation" AL, "Fragment of a Speech" [ca. May 18, 1858], AL, "Fragment of a Speech" [ca. May 18, 1858], CW, CW, 2:452-53. The 2:452-53. The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, edited in the 1950s, dated this "Fragment of a Speech" to May 1858, but a close examination reveals that Lincoln wrote it seven months earlier, in December 1857. edited in the 1950s, dated this "Fragment of a Speech" to May 1858, but a close examination reveals that Lincoln wrote it seven months earlier, in December 1857.

"working points of that machinery" points of that machinery" AL, "A House Divided," 462-67. AL, "A House Divided," 462-67.

"softly, that Douglas is" Ibid., that Douglas is" Ibid., 467. 467.

CHAPTER 13. 13. The Eternal Struggle Between These Two Principles: 1858 The Eternal Struggle Between These Two Principles: 1858 Lincoln had defeated himself Leonard Swett to WHH, January 17, 1866, Leonard Swett to WHH, January 17, 1866, HI, HI, 163. 163.

"some of my Kentucky friends" John L. Scripps to AL, June 22, 1858, ALPLC. John L. Scripps to AL, June 22, 1858, ALPLC.

"and yet I am mortified" AL to John L. Scripps, June 23, 1858, AL to John L. Scripps, June 23, 1858, CW, CW, 2:471. 2:471.

"I shall have my hands full" John W. Forney, John W. Forney, Anecdotes of Public Men Anecdotes of Public Men (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1881), 2:179. (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1881), 2:179.

"that great principle" Johannsen, Johannsen, Douglas, Douglas, 641-42. 641-42.

"provided I can find it" AL, "Speech at Chicago, Illinois," July 10, 1858, AL, "Speech at Chicago, Illinois," July 10, 1858, CW, CW, 2:485. 2:485.

"I did not say" Ibid., 491, 501. Ibid., 491, 501.

"a kind-hearted, amiable" Johannsen, Johannsen, Douglas, Douglas, 657. 657.

"having been a party" AL, "Speech at Springfield, Illinois," July 17, 1858, AL, "Speech at Springfield, Illinois," July 17, 1858, CW, CW, 2:519-20. 2:519-20.

"I should be at your town" AL to Joseph T. Eccles, August 2, 1858, AL to Joseph T. Eccles, August 2, 1858, CW, CW, 2:533. 2:533.

"Will it be agreeable" AL to Stephen A. Douglas, July 24, 1858, AL to Stephen A. Douglas, July 24, 1858, CW, CW, 2:522. 2:522.

"I accede" AL to Stephen A. Douglas, July 31, 1858, AL to Stephen A. Douglas, July 31, 1858, CW, CW, 2:531. For the story of the debates, see Allen G. Guelzo's new book, 2:531. For the story of the debates, see Allen G. Guelzo's new book, Lincoln and Douglas: The Debates That Defined America Lincoln and Douglas: The Debates That Defined America (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008). (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008).

"It is astonishing" New New York Post, York Post, September 24, 1858. September 24, 1858.

"Ottawa was deluged in dust" New York Evening Post, New York Evening Post, August 27, 1858. August 27, 1858.

"to connect the members" The new authoritative version of the debates, The new authoritative version of the debates, The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, ed. Rodney O. Davis and Douglas L. Wilson (Urbana: The University of Illinois, 2008). "First Debate at Ottawa, Illinois," August 21, 1858, 8-9. ed. Rodney O. Davis and Douglas L. Wilson (Urbana: The University of Illinois, 2008). "First Debate at Ottawa, Illinois," August 21, 1858, 8-9.

"I mean nothing personally Ibid., 6, 9.

"Are you in favor of" Ibid., Ibid., 14. 14.

"He had a lean" Henry Villard, Henry Villard, Memoirs of Henry Villard: Journalist and Financier, 1835-1900 Memoirs of Henry Villard: Journalist and Financier, 1835-1900 (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1904), 1:93. (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1904), 1:93.

"I must confess" New York Evening Post, New York Evening Post, quoted in King, quoted in King, Lincoln's Manager, Lincoln's Manager, 122. 122.