A History of Rome During the Later Republic and Early Principate Part 40

[1198] Plut. l.c.

[1199] Plut. _Mar_. 10.

[1200] Plut. _Sulla_ 4.

[1201] Plut. _Mar_. 10; _Sulla_ 3.

[1202] Plut. _Sulla_ 6.

[1203] Ancient writers derive the name from _serere_ and connect it with a story of the family of the Reguli (Plin. _Hist. Nat_. xviii. 3, 20; Verg. _Aen_. vi. 844; Val. Max. iv. 4. 5). But the name appears on coins as "Sara.n.u.s" (Eckhel v. p. 146). It seems, however, to be true that the name was borne by, or applied to, C. Atilius Regulus, the consul of 257 B.C. See Klebs in Pauly-Wissowa R. E. p. 2095.

[1204] Cic. _pro Planc_. 5. 12.

[1205] In the movement connected with the proceedings of Saturninus in 100 B.C. (Cic. _pro Rab_. 7. 21).

[1206] Eutrop. iv. 27; Val. Max. vi. 9. 13; _Fast. triumph_.

[1207] Yet no very recent cases _repetundarum_ are known. The last seems to have been the accusation of M. Valerius Messala (Gell. xv. 14). About this time C. Flavius Fimbria was accused by M. Gratidius and acquitted in spite of the hostile evidence of M. Aemilius Scaurus (Cic. _pro Font_. 11. 24; _Brut_. 45. 168; Val. Max. viii. 5. 2; Rein _Criminalrecht_ p. 649); but even if, with Rein, we a.s.sign this case to 106 and not to a time later than Fimbria's consulship, the judiciary law must have been prepared before the trial.

[1208] Ca.s.siodor. _Chron_. Per Servilium Caepionem consulem judicia equitibus et senatoribus communicata. Obsequens 101 (39) Per Caepionem cos. senatorum et equitum judicia communicata.

[1209] Tac. _Ann_. xii. 60 c.u.m ... Serviliae leges senatui judicia redderent.

[1210] Cic. _de Inv_. i. 49. 92 Offensum est quod corum qui audiunt voluntatem laedit: ut si quis apud equites Romanos cupidos judicandi Caepionis legem judiciariam laudet.

[1211] Pp. 135, 213.

[1212] Cic. _Brut_. 43, 161; _pro Cluent_. 51, 140.

[1213] Cic. _de Or_. ii. 59. 240, 66. 264. It is very probable that this attack on Memmius belongs to the speech on the Servilian law.

[1214] Cic. _Brut_. 44. 164 Mihi (Ciceroni) quidem a pueritia quasi magistra fuit, inquam, illa in legem Caepionis oratio.

[1215] Ca.s.siod. _Chron_.; Obsequens 101 (39) (quoted p, 478).

[1216] Cicero, speaking in 70 B.C., says that the Equites had held the courts for nearly fifty years, i.e. up to the date of the _lex Cornelia_ of 81 B.C. (Cic. _in Verr_. Act. i. 13. 38).

[1217] [Cic.] _ad Herenn_. i. 15, 25, iv. 24. 34; _de Rep_. i. 3. 6; _pro Balbo_ II. 28.

[1218] Cic. _de Orat_. iii. 8. 29; _Brut_. 35. 132.

[1219] Cicero, in speaking of the successive defeats of Catulus at the polls, says Praeposuisse (populum Romanum) Q. Catulo, summa in familia nato, sapientissimo et sanctissimo viro, non dico C. Serranum, stultissimum hominem, (fuit enim tamen n.o.bilis,) non C. Fimbriam, novum hominem, (fuit enim et animi satis magni et consilii,) sed Cn. Mallium, non solum ign.o.bilem, verum sine virtute, sine ingenio, vita etiam contempta ac sordida (_pro Planc_. 5. 12).

[1220] Val. Max. ii. 3. 2. The changes introduced into the military system by Rutilius will be explained in the next chapter.

[1221] Ulp. in _Dig_. x.x.xviii. 2, i. i. Mommsen (_Staatsr_. iii. p. 433) thinks that the consul of 105 is the "praetor Rutilius" of Ulpian's account.

[1222] Gaius iv, 35 (Praetor Publius Rutilius), qui et bonorum venditionem introduxisse dicitur. See Bethmann-Hollweg _Civilprozess_ ii. p. 671. Here again the consul of 105 is probably meant.

[1223] Cic. _Brut_. 30. 113, 114.

[1224] The disaster at Arausio took place on 6th October (Plut. _Luc_.

27). The consuls for the next year may not yet have been elected, as there was at this time no fixed date for the consular Comitia. Cf.

p. 364 and see Sall. _Jug_. 114.

[1225] Cic. _Brut_. 34. 129; _de Orat_. ii. 22. 91.

[1226] Liv. _Ep_. lvi. (see the next note). For the probable date of this enactment (151 B.C.) see Mommsen _Staatsrecht_ i. p. 521.

[1227] Liv. _Ep_. lvi c.u.m bellum Numantinum vitio duc.u.m non sine pudore publico duraret, delatus est ultro Scipioni Africano a senatu populoque Romano consulatus; quem c.u.m illi capere ob legem, quae vetabat quemquam iterum consulem fieri, non liceret, sicut priori consulatu, legibus solutus est.

[1228] Plut. _Mar_. 12 [Greek: _kai to deuteron hypatos apedeichthae, tou men nomou koluontos aponta kai mae dialiponta chronon horismenon authis aireisthai, tou de daemou tous antilegontas ekbalontos_.]

Plutarch adds that the people recalled the dispensation granted to Scipio when the annihilation of the Carthaginian power was planned.

This is perhaps a mistaken reference to the dispensation granted to Scipio in the Numantine war. See Liv. _Ep_. lvi. (quoted in the last note); Cic. _pro Leg. Man_. 20. 60 and Mommsen _Staatsr_. l.c. As to the irregularity involved in Marius's absence, it is questionable whether Plutarch is right in supposing that a personal _professio_ was required at this time. See Mommsen _Staatsr_. i. p. 504. Possibly the irregularity consisted in the fact that there had been no formal candidature at all. Other references to this election of Marius are to be found in Sall. _Jug_. 114; Vellei. ii. 12; Liv. _Ep_. lxvii.

[1229] Sall. _Jug_. 114, Marius consul absens factus est, et ei decreta provincia Gallia.